Citizens’ Perceptions of Governance in Rural and Urban China

This article presents three main findings from a purposive stratified survey of urban and rural residents. First, Chinese citizens “disaggregate” the state with high levels of satisfaction for Central government that fall dramatically as government gets closer to the people. Satisfaction levels are noticeably lower for those in rural China. Second, attitudes about the way policy is implemented by local governments raise concerns. Irrespective of place of residence, respondents feel that when implementing policy local officials and governments are mainly concerned with their own interests, are more receptive to the views of their superiors rather than those of ordinary people, favor those with money, and are formalistic in implementing policy rather than dealing with actual problems. Third, the areas of work that citizens would really like government to concentrate on are job creation and providing basic guarantees to protect against the shocks of the transition to a market economy. Tony Saich is the Daewoo Professor of International Affairs, Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University and Director of the Harvard University Asia Center. His recent research focuses on the development of social policy in China, particularly on the provision of public goods by local governments. His publications include Governance and Politics of China by Palgrave and edited volumes on Financial Sector Reform in China (with Yasheng Huang and Edward Steinfeld) and AIDS and Social Policy in China (with Joan Kaufman and Arthur Kleinman both by Harvard University Asia Center. He would like to thank Edward Cunningham for his great help in preparing this article. He also wants to thank Victor Yuan (Horizon Market Research Company) for his tremendous help in designing the survey and implementing it. In addition, I would like to thank Anita Chan, Martin King Whyte and two anonymous reviewers for their extremely helpful comments on an earlier draft.     

Managerial autonomy: does it matter for the performance of water utilities?

The public administration literature asserts that autonomy is central to performance. In this article we develop a managerial autonomy index, which we apply to 22 water utilities in Africa, Asia and the Middle East. The 16 items that underlie our composite autonomy index display a high degree of internal consistency. This speaks for the validity of the autonomy concept. We find that the autonomy scores of the 22 utilities vary widely. We also find strong and positive associations between autonomy scores and six out of eight key performance indicators. Our results support the idea that autonomy is central to the performance of water service providers. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

地方政府执行力问题探析

政府执行力是维系一个政府机构生存和发展的决定性力量。提高政府执行力,是加强执政能力建设,推动政府工作落实,实践和落实科学发展观的重要保证。     

加强干部作风建设的路径

加强干部作风建设是全面加强和改进党的建设、提高各级党员领导干部执政能力、始终保持党的先进性的需要。新形势下，我们应从五个方面加强干部作风建设：一是强化教育威力，健全干部教育机制；；是构筑监管网络，建立多层次、全方位、立体式监督制约机制；三是完善制度架构，形成保障干部作风建设良性发展的制度群；四是高悬反腐利剑，进一步加大惩治和预防干部腐败的力度；五是更新测评体系，科学评价干部的政绩观。     

损伤皮肤中白三烯B_4含量测定与损伤时间推断

本文作者利用高压液相色谱,快速检测大鼠皮肤切创创缘组织中白三烯B_4含量。结果发现,生前各损伤时间组创缘中白三烯B_4含量明显升高,且在1小时内与损伤时间有一定线性关系;死后损伤标本未见白三烯B_4含量升高。由此表明白三烯B_4含量测定,对推断生前1小时内的损伤时间有重要价值。高压液相色谱能快速、准确地检测损伤组织中的白三烯B_4。     

两种分配方式相结合的经济运行

市场化的按劳分配具有四个鲜明特点:劳动计量市场化、分配主体企业化、工资形成市场化、政府对工资的调控宏观化。按生产要素分配必须首先把不同生产要素的不同使用价值抛开,使它们在质上等同,而利率机制在企业调节并实现剩余价值分配中发挥着重要作用。两种分配方式相结合需要有相应的配套工程。     

浅析公民基本道德规范

“爱国守法、明礼诚信、团结友善、勤俭自强、敬业奉献”是公民的基本道德规范。爱国是道德的灵魂．守法是道德的后盾．明礼是道德的窗口,诚信是道德的支柱．团结是道德的品格,友善是道德的标准,勤俭是道德的传统,自强是道德的追求,敬业是道德的表现,奉献是道德的境界。     

抢抓机遇迎接挑战开创交通管理工作的新局面

深化交通管理工作改革 ,促进与国际规则接轨 ;加大实施“畅通工程”力度 ,不断提高交通管理水平 ;继续开展创建“平安大道”活动 ,确保道路的安全和畅通 ;进一步加强管理信息系统建设 ,推进交通管理现代化 ,是抢抓机遇 ,迎接挑战 ,开创交通管理工作新局面的重要举措。     

以改革精神不断推进组织工作创新

学习江泽民总书记“5·31”重要讲话,以改革精神不断推进组织工作创新,必须采取有效措施。要强化改革和创新意识,不断提高组织工作的针对性、实效性;要强化全局和时代意识,不断增强服从服务于党的中心工作的自觉性和紧迫感;要强化服务和公仆意识,促进领导方式和工作作风的转变;要强化民主和群众意识,不断提高组织工作的公开程度;要强化法制和规则意识,不断提高组织工作的绩效水平。     

按照"三个代表"的要求切实加强和改进思想政治工作

学习“三个代表”重要思想 ,必须按照“三个代表”的要求 ,切实加强和改进思想政治工作 ,在内容、形式、机制等方面进行改进和创新。