文化多样性与中国文化安全

多样性文化之间的冲突引起文化安全问题。经济全球化中,我国文化安全面临着文化一元化的威胁。互联网已经成为舆论斗争主战场,思想文化领域斗争深刻复杂。切实维护国家文化安全,就要增强文化整体实力和竞争力,健全文化安全管理,提高文化开放水平。     

人性与犯罪：我国古代的解读

从人性方面来探讨犯罪问题历来就是一个重要的视角。我国古代存在着丰富多元的人性论,不同的人性论,造成了对犯罪原因的不同解读,进而影响了不同预防犯罪对策的选择。     

应用AFLP检测大麻遗传多样性

目的 筛选对于大麻多态性好的AFLP引物标记来区分大麻品种.方法 利用AFLP技术用55对引物组合对12个大麻地域品种进行初筛.结果 选出5对多态性好的引物组合进行了遗传多样性研究.每对AFLP引物组合扩增出47～76务带.共获得285条带,其中多态性条带为99条以及10条品种特异带.结论 AFLP对于大麻具有很高的分辨率,为今后深入地研究大麻植物遗传多样性奠定了很好的基础.     

从时间观的差异探讨中国与西方传统思维方式的区别

在中外思想史上,一种自成体系的理论思维方式往往不可能脱离其文化背景而独立存在.先秦思想家阐释的中国传统思维方式,与从古希腊哲学家到黑格尔所阐释的西方古典思维方式,两者之间的主要特征存在着不可忽略的区别,这导致中西方古代思想史上对时间范畴及事物变化过程理解的差异,致使中西方古代科学家们采撷的智慧之果亦有所不同.如果摈弃思想史研究中的欧洲中心论,对中西方文化进行比较研究,将有助于发掘文化遗产;促进文化交流,并增进对世界文化多样性的认识.     

文化多样性、发展权与知识产权

文化多样性是人类文明发展的源泉。不同文化之间只有在平等的基础上通过沟通和交流,才能够实现人类文明的发展。文化多样性是实现发展权的必然选择。各国在实现发展权的道路上逐渐摆脱单一西方化的发展模式,力图建立一种在吸收本土优秀文化之上的发展模式。在保护和发展文化多样性的制度选择中,知识产权制度将起到不可替代的作用。     

人工智能对就业的影响：创造还是破坏？

近年来人工智能迅速发展,但其对就业不仅会产生创造效应,也会产生破坏效应。研究利用2008—2016年中国省级面板数据,探索在智能物质资本投入影响下不同地区和不同技能水平劳动力的需求变化,分析人工智能通过创造效应和破坏效应对我国劳动力就业的影响和作用方向。研究发现：人工智能对不同技能水平劳动力的就业影响方向不同,存在“两极化”趋势;产业结构升级将在一定程度上进一步加剧人工智能对就业“两极化”发展的影响;人工智能对不同地区的不同技能水平的劳动力有差异性影响。研究建议,应进一步加强教育培训,优化产业结构,完善社会福利,以应对人工智能的破坏效应,促进劳动力市场的稳定。     

Towards a school constitution for freedom -- a comparative analysis in Western and Eastern Europe

This article shows the recent European discussion on and developments in the reform of school government and administration. This reorganisation is directed at reducing state influence and widening self-responsibility of schools. It is a part of a general development towards decentralisation and deregulation, subsidiarity and plurality in civil society. This overview, with illustrations from different countries, shows a general agreement in Western and Eastern Europe that the humanisation of education must also be promoted through liberalisation and democratisation of decision-making. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Character-building and freedom in education

Educators, parents, and policy-makers in the United States, as in other countries, are concerned about the apparent inability of many schools to contribute to the development of character and civic virtue in their pupils. The answer, experience shows, is not for government to require a pedagogy of state-defined character education which, in a pluralistic society, would inevitably create new conflicts. Instead, education policy should take advantage of the growing interest on the part of educators in creating autonomous, distinctive schools, and the continuing interest, on the part of parents, in being able to choose what school their children will attend. Schools which exhibit a distinctive character based upon a shared understanding of the goals of education are effective not only in teaching academics but also in developing positive character traits in their pupils. Charter schools and educational vouchers are two means of encouraging and supporting such coherent schools. The article concludes with a series of policy recommendations designed to balance the autonomy of schools against the need for public accountability. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

试论城市基础建设投资主体多元化的方式

城市基础设施建设水平是城市化发展和城市综合竞争力的重要标志。我国城市基础设施落后的重要原因是建设资金的短缺 ,而投资主体和投资渠道的单一是其根本性制约因素。改变传统的单纯依靠政府投入搞建设的经营思路 ,有所为有所不为 ,转移风险 ,让利于民 ,以更先进的经营模式吸引国内外各种投资主体参与城市基础设施建设 ,是我国各级城市宏观决策部门的战略性课题。     

The power of small-scale solar: gender,energy poverty,and entrepreneurship in Tanzania

Energy poverty is a major challenge in the developing world, with an estimated 1.2 billion people lacking household electricity. Although energy poverty affects both men and women, the burden of household energy supply disproportionately affects women in low-income countries in the developing world. This article examines the impact of a women-oriented solar lighting social enterprise, Solar Sister, in Tanzania for both solar entrepreneurs and customers, demonstrating that solar lanterns positively impact household savings, health, education and women’s economic productivity and empowerment. Our study argues that Solar Sister’s approach is successful because of its explicit gender lens. Providing energy access to women translates to a pro-woman, pro-child, and pro-family development intervention.