vWFⅢ基因座扩增片段长度多态性及其法医学应用

研究短串联重复vWⅢ基因应扩增片段长度多态性及其法医学意义。应用STR－PCR分型法对200名中国辽宁汉族无关个体的短串联重复VWFⅢ的多态性进行调查。共检出8个等位基因,频率分布在0．003～0．333,基因长度范围为154～182bP,个人识别能力为0．921,非父排除率为0．581。群体调查证实该基因座符合Hardy－Weinberg平衡,家系调查结果表明其遗传符合孟德尔方式。该基因座可作为人类群体遗传学的一个有价值的多态性标记,可用于法医学个人识别及亲子鉴定。     

实验性脑挫伤GFAP,PCNA免疫组织化学研究

采用改进的Ｆｅｅｎｅｙ氏落体打击致Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠脑挫伤模型,利用免疫组织化学染色,观察大鼠实验性脑挫伤后ＧＦＡＰ、ＰＣＮＡ的改变,用图像分析仪对免疫组化染色阳性细胞灰度和面积进行测量,ＳＡＳ统计软件分析,得出脑挫伤后ＧＦＡＰ、ＰＣＮＡ变化的时间规律性,为脑挫伤形成时间推断提供新的手段。ＧＦＡＰ阳性细胞面积和灰度伤后呈上升趋势,伤后３ｈ,即有显著增加（Ｐ＜０．０１）,至４天时,阳性细胞灰度,面积达到峰值（Ｐ＜０．０１）,伤后７天仍保持较高水平（Ｐ＜０．０１）。ＰＣＮＡ阳性细胞伤后１２ｈ出现,灰度呈上升趋势,面积呈下降趋势,伤后３天时达到最大值（Ｐ＜０．０１）。因此,ＧＦＡＰ、ＰＣＮＡ免疫组织化学染色阳性细胞的数量,灰度,面积改变有时间性规律;推断２～７天的脑挫伤则以ＧＦＡＰ、ＰＣＮＡ改变为主;脑挫伤后星形胶质细胞数目增多,只有很少一部分为星形胶质细胞增殖而来,且这种增殖在伤后３天时达到高峰     

论刑法修正的协调性

刑法修正的协调性是保障刑法公正性的基础性条件。《刑法修正案(十一)》新增罪(含修正罪)充分注意到了《刑法》与相关法律之间的协调(衔接)。但是,刑法修正还要考虑新增罪(修正罪)与既有罪之间、新增罪(修正罪)之间以及修正的刑法条文与相关刑法解释(含解释性文件)之间的协调。刑法修正需要在罪状的设置、法定刑的设置以及量刑情节的设置方面保持协调。面对协调性的瑕疵,可以通过补正解释的方法确保司法适用的公正,在解释论无法解决的情况下,则只能通过进一步修正刑法加以完善。     

Population data for 94 identity SNPs in four U.S. population groups

The U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) sequenced 1036 human DNA samples from four United States population groups (African American, Asian, Hispanic, and Caucasian) using the ForenSeq DNA Signature Prep Kit with Primer Mix B (DPMB) on a MiSeq FGx instrument. In addition to STR markers, DPMB includes amplification primers for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) used for individual identification (iiSNPs, n = 94), ancestry inference (aiSNPs, n = 56), and phenotype prediction (piSNPs, n = 22). Resulting sequencing coverage information was interpreted for the 94 iiSNP markers. Here we present performance characteristics of the ForenSeq DNA Signature Prep Kit in the population studied.     

液相色谱-三重四极杆质谱法同时检测生物检材中百草枯及其代谢物

目的建立生物检材中同时检测百草枯(paraquat,PQ)及其主要代谢物单季铵盐(monoquat)、百草枯-单吡啶酮(paraquat-monopyridone,MP)、百草枯-联吡啶酮(paraquat-dipyridone,DP)、4-羧基-1-甲基吡啶盐(4-Carboxy-1-methylpyridinium ion,MINA)的液相色谱-串联质谱(LC-MS/MS)检测方法。方法以百草枯氘代内标(Paraquat-d8 Dichloride,PQ-D8)作为内标,检材样品调节pH后,经乙腈沉淀蛋白,使用不同色谱柱洗脱,在多反应监测模式下检测。结果百草枯PQ、monoquat、MP、DP、MINA的线性范围分别是5~800ng/mL、0.5~80ng/mL、5~800ng/mL、2.5~400ng/mL、2~320ng/mL(r均高于0.993),日内、日间精密度(RSDs)分别在5%~14%、3%~13%、3%~15%、5%~13%、2%~15%之间,准确度(RE)分别在91%~116%、80%~100%、80%~111%、85%~114%、91%~114%之间。生物样品处理后自动进样器上室温放置72h,各物质的准确度分别在90%~119%、56%~125%、60%~110%、78%~98%、83%~117%之间。结论本测定方法前处理过程简便,分离效果好,提取效率高,可使用本方法对疑似百草枯中毒的检材进行原体及代谢物的检测,为案件提供法律依据;本实验优化了课题组前期建立的生物样品中百草枯及monoquat、MP的检测方法,参考其案例结果,检测相应检材,对比分析,该检测方法在原体含量大幅下降时,痕量代谢物仍可检出。     

The killer outfit and timing: Impact of the fabric and time in body fluid identification and DNA profiling

The present work aimed to study the detection, through lateral flow immunochromatographic (LFI) tests, of saliva samples over time in three different types of fabrics, as well as, the possibility of DNA isolation and characterization from the sample tubes and the cassettes. Fifty microliters of saliva (three samples/time) were deposited in denim, cotton, and polyester. Saliva was identified by SERATEC® Amylase Test and the Crime Scene version SALIVA CS, being able to detect it up to six months of deposition, although with different band intensities. Polyester showed stronger bands than cotton, probably due to its synthetic nature, and denim, as an inked fabric, showed less band intensities. Statistical analyses confirmed significant differences among fabrics, but not over time in the same type of fabric. Total DNA from the sample tubes was successfully recovered, in contrast, from the cassettes, only polyester retrieved amplifiable DNA. These findings indicated that it is possible to recover and identify saliva up to six months after deposition, also obtaining DNA. Future research will be able to expand these results, analyzing the stability of other body fluids, and the sensitivity of lateral flow immunochromatographic tests to detect them.     

Criminogenic patterns in the management of Boko Haram’s human displacement situation

This article interrogates the management of the internal displacement caused by the activities of Boko Haram in Nigeria. The study utilizes qualitative methods to explicate the lived realities of internally displaced persons (IDPs) at three IDP camps. It accentuates the invention of criminogenic patterns that have fostered several state crimes in the management of the displacement situation. A series of cyclical patterns is highlighted: these patterns are constituted by and constitutive of the social conditions of the IDPs. The operations of a constellation of institutional and non-institutional actors in the displacement situation has led to (1) hoarding, diversion and theft of relief materials, (2) embezzlement of funds meant for IDPs, (3) use of ghost IDPs, (4) sexual and gender-based violence and (5) human trafficking and other forms of violence. The article concludes that this situation portends grave risks for state efforts to combat Boko Haram, as it may result in renewed grievances against the government.     

Citizens’ Readiness to Adopt and Use E-government Services in the City of Harbin,China

This study applied the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) to investigate the factors that would influence adoption and use of e-government services by citizens of Harbin in China. A total of 382 respondents took part in the study. The findings of this research revealed that Perceived Ease of Use, Perceived Service Quality, and Citizen Trust have significant positive impact on citizens’ intention to adopt and use e-government services while Perceived usefulness was found not to have any significant positive impact on citizens’ intention to use e-government services in Harbin, China. The implications of this study is further discussed.     

磷对成骨细胞超微结构及其GJIC和Ⅰ型胶原含量的影响

在体外培养成骨细胞(OB)的基础上,添加0、1、2、4mmol/L磷,作用2d后,采用电子显微镜观察OB的超微结构,采用划痕标记染料示踪技术观察细胞间隙连接通讯(GJIC);作用2、5、8d后,用BCA法蛋白定量试剂盒、Goat Anti-rat Collagen TypeⅠ试剂盒分别检测OB内总蛋白及Ⅰ型胶原的含量,并用DⅠ型胶原/D总蛋白表示Ⅰ型胶原的含量。结果显示,作用2d,4mmol/L磷组OB内线粒体减少、肿胀。4mmol/L磷组GJIC的荧光扩散距离减弱,1、2mmol/L磷组基本不变;就Ⅰ型胶原含量而言,除1mmol/L磷组在作用2d抑制其分泌外(P<0.05),在磷作用2、5、8d均促进其分泌(P<0.05)。结果表明,添加1、2、4mmol/L磷能促进OB的分泌Ⅰ型胶原;4mmol/L磷能抑制OB的代谢活性,且能抑制OB间通讯。     

Climate finance in the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS)

Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) countries lack sufficient funds to combat climate change. The growth of projects under the clean development mechanism (CDM) is not consistent in the region and the relation of that growth to national GDP is not equivalent either. The disbursement of climate funds promised by different countries and donor organisations to different countries in GMS region is very low. A few countries have relied more on external funds to combat climate change, while some have developed their own funds. A strong database and involvement of civil societies might help the region better utilise these climate funds.