＂Deindustrialization＂ and Sino-Brazilian Ties

After the global financial crisis broke out in 2008, major industrial economies became concerned about delndustrlahzation . The important roles that the industrial sector plays in creating jobs and ensuring intemational competitiveness began to be recognized again. The U.S. launched its policy of ＂re-industrialization＂ and Brazil published a plan to develop its industrial sector between 2011 and 2014. China＇s industrial sector has rapidly developed. ＂Deindustrialization＂ sparked widespread concern because it is connected with the global distribution of technological capability and the future global economic order. It is noteworthy that the U.S., Brazil and some other major economies partly blamed China for the problems that ＂deindustrialization＂ has caused and this has had an increasing effect on China＇ s relations with these countries. It reflects China＇ s problem as a new manufacturing power. In this article, the author analyzes those political and economic factors associated with ＂deindustrialization＂ and makes some suggestions for the Sino-Brazilian strategic partnership. In this way, the author explores some ideas on establishing a new type of big power relations.     

Farm to Non-Farm Employment Linkages and Pattern： An Analysis of Village Level Survey in Bangladesh

The widening of rural-urban continuum has accelerated the transformation of Bangladesh agriculture from subsistence toward commercialization. This has accompanied significant employment linkages and patterns in farm and non-farm sector. Modern rice production contributed to employment generation through backward and forward linkages. The field study of three villages measures farm to non-farm employment linkages for two major rice crops. The estimated backward, forward, and total linkages were 0.18, 0.43, and 0.61 for Boro rice and 0.14, 0.39, and 0.53 for Aman rice. For two crops as a whole, farm to non-farm total employment linkage coefficient was 0.58, which meant that total 100 man days of farm employment per hectare in farm production activities generated 58 man days of non-farm employment in various support services, processing, and marketing activities. Employment pattern in different months was more flexible for the farm workers than for non-farm workers. The availability of farm employment in a month varied from five to 25 days for farm workers, and from 22 to 27 days for non-farm workers. The findings imply that more investrnent in rice-based production system significantly increases non-farm employment opportunities. From national policy perspective, more research and development efforts should go into accelerating potential rural growth and non-farm sector development.     

人工智能技术应用会减少制造业企业的就业机会吗？ ——以珠江三角洲制造业企业为例

在人工智能背景下，智能化转型成为许多企业的发展方向，然而在智能化设备代替人类工作者的过程中，新技术是否会带来失业问题成为社会讨论的焦点。本研究通过对珠江三角洲部分制造业企业进行问卷调查，并从智能化升级前后的员工总体数量变化、具体部门人数变化、员工工资收入变化以及企业的人力资源需求变化等四个方面进行分析。研究结果显示： (1)人工智能技术对企业员工存在一定程度的替代效应，但 效果并不明显；(2)人工智能技术对部门结构进行重塑，将员工引向与人工智能技术相关的工作岗位上： (3)人工智能技术在企业中的应用对转岗员工收入的提升起到积极作用： (4)人工智能技术的各项优势以及在企业中起到的积极作用并不意味着劳动者被淘汰，反而增加了企业的劳动力需求。     

Focus

Student Academic Scores Source of Teacher AngstA week-long psychological examination of 200 teachers at the Shanghai Linzi Psychological Consultant Center revealed that 40 percent of participants had psychological problems, and 5 percent had obvious psychosomatic symptoms.     

从性别视角看积极应对人口老龄化——聚焦老龄社会的性别红利

一、研究背景:从各种"红利"说起中国在过去的半个世纪里完成了人口转变,死亡率和出生率先后下降,尤其是出生率下降速度相对较快,形成了劳动年龄人口在总人口中所占份额较大的人口机会窗口。而在这个劳动力供给不断增加的机会窗口期,恰逢中国改革开放和经济全球化的兴起,为规模巨大的劳动年龄人口提供了充分的就业机会。     

Chinese Enterprises Plow Aheadin Africa＇s Farm Machinery Market

AFRICA has 60 percent of the world＇s uncultivated land and millions of potential jobs in the agricultural sec-tor, according to the World Bank and other institutions. Meanwhile, the utilization rate of tractors is only 10 percent and manual irrigation has been available on only four percent of cultivated land in Africa.     

名人也曾“就业难”

1934年夏，季羡林在清华大学西洋文学系德文专修科毕业，成绩是四年全优。从1933年下半年开始，季羡林就经常忧虑毕业之后的去处，在《清华园日记》中，他多次写道：“要不择手段去抢一只饭碗。”但由于他学的专业就业机会很少，所以列1934年秋天，季羡林的“饭碗”还没有拿到手：他曾这样回忆当时的情景：“我大学一毕业。立刻就倒了霉，留学无望，饭碗难抢，临渊羡鱼．有网难结。穷途痛苦，无地自容。”后来，他回到了济南，在母校老师的帮助下，找到一份在中学教书的工作。     

“上山下乡”与大学生就业

在2009年3月17《南方日报》撰文指出:所谓工作分享制,欧洲工会组织解释为:"为了提高所有希望工作的人就业机会,根据对目     

就业寒冬下的选择

2009年的"就业危机"伴随着国际金融危机的影响提前引爆,已经经历了多年严峻就业形势考验的天之骄子们,在新的挑战面前有哪些所思所想呢?本刊记者带着这样一个话题走进他们,记录下点点滴滴以图共同探讨。     

现阶段我国女工劳动权益保护问题研究

现阶段我国仍旧存在女工劳动权益受损现象.它们主要表现在三个方面:就业机会不平等,工资歧视和职业安全没有保障.对女工劳动权益,尤其是平等发展权的保护,涉及到人权保护的问题.因而,对女工劳动权益保护问题的解决具有非常重要的社会意义.而政府所具有的优势则决定了它在解决这个问题上的突出地位.