油樟叶乙醇提取物抗炎活性的研究

为探讨油樟叶乙醇提取物的抗炎活性,建立了用二甲苯诱导小鼠耳肿胀、醋酸诱导小鼠毛细血管通透性增加和角叉菜胶诱导大鼠足肿胀的模型,并测定了角叉菜胶所致大鼠足炎性渗出液中前列腺素E2、组胺和5-羟色胺的含量。结果表明,油樟叶乙醇提取物能显著抑制二甲苯所致的小鼠耳肿胀、醋酸诱导的小鼠毛细血管通透性增加和角叉菜胶所致的大鼠足肿胀,且呈剂量依赖性,并能显著降低角叉菜胶所致大鼠足炎性渗出液中前列腺素E2、组胺和5-羟色胺的含量。证实油樟叶乙醇提取物具有较好的抗炎活性。     

阳和平喘颗粒早期和晚期干预对哮喘大鼠支气管肺泡灌洗液中白细胞介素-5和白细胞介素-9的影响

目的 从细胞因子水平研究阳和平喘颗粒防治支气管哮喘的机制。方法 将84只清洁级SD大鼠随机分为正常组,模型组,地塞米松组,阳和平喘颗粒早期干预低剂量组、早期干预高剂量组、晚期干预低剂量组、晚期干预高剂量组,采用卵清白蛋白多点长期致敏及激发的方法复制大鼠哮喘模型。给予相应药物分阶段干预,观察哮喘大鼠肺组织病理形态变化,采用ELISA法检测支气管肺泡灌洗液（bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, BALF）中（interleukin-5, IL-5）和（interleukin-9, IL-9）水平。结果 各给药组大鼠气管壁黏膜与肺周围血管组织的炎性细胞浸润及气管壁增厚均较模型组明显减轻。阳和平喘颗粒早期用药降低BALF中IL-5和IL-9的作用优于晚期用药,高剂量阳和平喘颗粒降低BALF中IL-5和IL-9的作用优于低剂量,阳和平喘颗粒低剂量晚期用药降低BALF中IL-5和IL-9的作用与地塞米松相当。结论 阳和平喘颗粒防治支气管哮喘的机制与其降低BALF中IL-5、IL-9水平有关,早期用药的效应优于晚期用药,其效应具有一定的剂量依赖性。     

针刺对便秘型肠易激综合征大鼠肠运动及胃肠激素含量的影响

目的 观察针刺对便秘型肠易激综合征(constipation-predominant irritable bowel syn-drome,IBS-C)大鼠的小肠推进率及血清、结肠中5-羟色胺(5-hydroxytryptamine,5-HT)、血管活性肠肽(vasoactive intestinal peptide,V...     

Electrical and thermal injuries in pig skin — Evaluated and compared by light microscopy

The morphology of pig skin after electrical (el) and thermal exposure was studied in order to find methods applicable for disclosing electrical torture.Biopsies from pig skin exposed 24 hours earlier to either heat or electrical current under general anesthesia were studied by light microscopy. The amount of energy used of either type ranged from about 6 to about 100 joule deposited on two circular areas of the skin measuring 12 mm in diameter.In sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin alterations were found in heat-influenced specimens following the administration of moderate and large doses of energy. Changes were observed in el-influenced specimens also after the administration of low amounts of energy, which did not lead to macroscopical changes in the skin. The two types of energy induced different patterns of alterations inside the epidermis. The most characteristic change following heat exposure was the presence of a granular or fibrillar eosinophilic cytoplasm and subepidermal clefts, while el-expoure often produced white homogeneous cytoplasm and shadowy nuclei (“white necrosis”) in the attached epidermis. The individual changes could be produced by both types of injury, but to a highly different degree. However, the alteration classified as “vesicular nuclei” was only observed in el-damaged skin. The dermis from the more severely injured skin of both groups showed a homogeneous appearance (“necrosis”). While the changes of epidermis and dermis in response to heat were diffusely distributed, the changes created by electrical injury were often present in segments. By electrical damage homogeneous areas with loss of stainability and shadowy nuclei were occasionally observed in sweat glands, hair sheaths and in vessel walls, structures which are suggested to serve as conductors for the electrical current. “Vesicular nuclei” were observed in similar structures.Some of the findings may be associated with differences in intensity of energy during exposure to heat and electricity. Furthermore, the existence of different biological patterns following the two types of exposure should be considered. The studies are being continued to elucidate these basic questions, and to study further the medical diagnostic potential of examining skin biopsies from tortured individuals.     

免疫程序与母源抗体对H5禽流感疫苗免疫鸭和鹅HI抗体水平的影响

对不同日龄与母源抗体水平的鸭和鹅,用H5亚型禽流感疫苗免疫后,其HI抗体消长情况进行了比较和观察,结果,初生水禽3日龄首免即可对禽流感疫苗(H5亚型)产生良好的免疫应答;雏鹅母源抗体几乎以每4d下降1个HI抗体效价单位的速度消退;母源抗体对H5禽流感疫苗免疫后的HI抗体水平存在一定的干扰作用;加强免疫鸭和鹅所产生的H5HI抗体水平及其维持时间与仅免疫一次的鸭和鹅所产生的抗体水平之间存在显著差异;鸭和鹅免疫H5禽流感疫苗后第25~30dH5HI抗体水平达到高峰。