论我国诉讼时效效力的私人自治转向——实体与程序双重视角的观察

我国《民法通则》及《关于适用〈中华人民共和国民事诉讼法〉若干问题的意见》对诉讼时效法律效力的规定实质上是一种"干预"模式,这种模式既不符合诉讼时效制度的本来目标,也不符合通过私人行为实现法律控制的国家策略,从干预模式到"自治"模式的转换势在必行。同时,那种试图通过法官释明来纠正自治模式可能带来的局限的方式并不是真正有效和适当的方式。     

Capacity builders for governance: community-driven reconstruction in the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo

Community-driven reconstruction (CDR) has become a new paradigm in post-conflict development. It combines infrastructure restoration with introducing good governance at the local level. Recent evaluations show that governance objectives are not easily met and significant change cannot be demonstrated. This paper adds to this argument on the basis of ethnographic research on a CDR programme in eastern DRC. It seeks to find explanations for the lack of demonstrable governance impact in the content and implementation of training. It identifies room for improvement by better adjusting capacity building to locally prevailing accountability mechanisms and by coordinating capacity building with other development programmes.     

THE IMPACTS OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF COLLEGE INSTRUCTORS ON STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC AND LABOR MARKET OUTCOMES

Based on a novel data set that links college administrative information with earnings records from a state college system for both public two‐year and four‐year colleges, this study quantifies the impacts of exposure to different types of instructors during students’ initial semester in college on their subsequent academic and labor market outcomes. To minimize bias from student sorting by type of instructor, we combine course‐set fixed effects with an instrumental variables approach that exploits term‐by‐term fluctuations in faculty composition in each department, therefore controlling for both between‐ and within‐course sorting. The findings suggest that two‐year students, particularly racial minority students, have substantially higher levels of exposure to adjuncts with temporary appointments than four‐year students. Two‐year students taking a heavy course schedule with temporary adjuncts are adversely affected in college persistence and subsequent credit accumulation, and the penalty is particularly pronounced among males and racial minority students with stronger academic potential. Such negative impacts on academic outcomes do not translate into poorer short‐ to medium‐term labor market performance. In the four‐year setting, no significant distinction is identified between different types of instructors on either student academic or labor market outcomes.     

Jurisdiction size and local government effectiveness: Assessing the effects of municipal amalgamations on performance

The optimal jurisdiction size has been debated since Plato and Aristotle. A large literature has studied economic and democratic scale effects, but we have almost no knowledge of the effects of jurisdiction size on the effectiveness of local services. This is due to two methodological problems. First, selection bias and reverse causality often render change in jurisdiction size an endogenous variable. Second, there is a lack of empirical indicators of effectiveness, and most studies therefore focus on spending measures. Extant research thus studies economies of scale, leaving effectiveness of scale unexamined. We address both problems in a quasi-experimental study of public schools. Our findings from the school area indicate that jurisdiction size does not have systematic effects on effectiveness. Our analysis therefore supports recent studies of economic and democratic scale effects that indicate that the search for the optimal jurisdiction size is futile.     

One-stop border posts and informal livelihoods in Busia,Kenya

‘One-stop border posts’ (OSBP) are being developed on East African trade corridors to support growth in cross-border trade in the region. This article presents a household survey examining the impact of the OSBP at Busia on the Kenya–Uganda border on the livelihoods of informal traders and workers. It finds positive effects through enhanced access to cross-border trade. However, it also finds negative effects, including reduced work opportunities for unskilled manual workers. Further research is needed into the long-term effects on the price and foreign exchange differentials which currently incentivise the informal trade, before the effects can be fully assessed.     

醉驾和追逐竞驶行为探究

《刑法修正案（八）》将＂醉酒驾驶＂、＂追逐竞驶＂行为入罪,成立危险驾驶罪,从保护交通安全的目的来看,＂醉酒驾驶＂与＂追逐驾驶＂与原有的交通肇事罪具有一定的逻辑关系,都是出于对社会交通秩序的维护,但从构成要件来看,二者存在着明显的不同。文章深入分析了＂醉酒驾驶＂、＂追逐驾驶＂行为,体现了我国刑法的预防功能和对于公共交通安全保护预防的提前。     

深化理论武装有效性研究的初步思考

理论武装的有效性研究涉及到不同领域、不同学科，是一项复杂的系统工程。本文仅就其研究方法、重点难点及总体框架提出初步设想。理论武装有效性研究的方法主要包括调查研究、系统方法、矛盾分析等；其重点是解决理论武装的动力问题，难点是实现理论知识向信念和能力转化的问题；研究框架主要由三个部分构成，即：理论武装有效性的内涵及其评价标准，其实现条件以及主要制约因素，其提升路径。     

大学生党员的中国特色社会主义理想信念教育研究

大学生党员是新世纪党的中国特色社会主义事业的接班人,大学生党员的中国特色社会主义理想信念教育,理论学习要坚持开放性、思想转化要坚持体验性、行动落实要坚持实效性,帮助大学生党员真学、真信、真行动,真正作到咬定青山不放松,坚定不移、矢志不渝。     

High food prices in urban Cameroon: coping strategies and suggested policy actions

Governments tend to focus on short-term policies to address the immediate effects of high food prices when spikes occur, while in the long term, urban residents are left to their own devices struggling to ensure adequate household food consumption. Using data collected in three cities in Cameroon among 300 households, this article documents participants’ opinions on appropriate policies to address high food prices as well as how households cope with chronic high food prices. It emphasises the importance of long-term government strategies such as improved farm-to-market roads and agricultural sector supports as means to improve food security.