考究与中国赴越南使臣有关的三首诗作者

中越文化交流源远流长。在中越文学交流中,有时导致越南作者的汉诗混杂着许多中国诗篇,中国作者的诗作中也偶有越南汉诗。由于时代相隔久远,后人在辑录前人诗作时亦常有混乱,将此人之作归属为他人之作。本文探讨一些与中国赴越南使臣有关的诗作者,还原真相,亦是整理中越关系资料的工作之一。     

邓小平新时期执政党建设理论发展浅析

邓小平新时期执政党建设理论是立足新形势、新特点、新变化提出的关于党的建设的科学论断,是一个完整的科学体系,是对毛泽东建党思想的发展.他提出坚持和改善党的领导,是党的建设的基本原则;确立新时期执政党建设目标,是党的建设的首要问题;恢复和发展党的思想路线、政治路线、组织路线,是党的建设的重要途径;在强调思想建设的同时注重党的制度建设;反腐败是加强党风建设、从严治党的重点;新时期正确处理与各国共产党和其他政党关系的原则.     

A fatal diazinon poisoning

A case of fatal suicidal ingestion of diazinon insecticide is presented. Diazinon concentrations in post-mortem body fluids and tissues were determined using electron capture and flame ionization gas-liquid chromatography. The highest concentrations of diazinon were found in blood, stomach contents, bile and adipose tissue.     

Assurance of the quality of expert reports

The operation of forensic chemical laboratories is investigated from the point of view of reliability, approaching the question from both practical and theoretical aspects. Questions of methodology such as the validation and continuous quality control and quality assurance of the expert's activity, the fulfilment of the legal requirements concerned with the operation of an expert organization are all discussed and backed up by a wide selection of reference.     

Duplications of the Y-chromosome specific loci P25 and 92R7 and forensic implications

In the present study, we demonstrate that two commonly used Y-chromosome single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), P25 and 92R7, are paralogous sequence variants (PSVs) originating from segmental duplications and that at least one of the sequence variants in each group of loci is polymorphic. Several methodologies were used in order to detect the SNP alleles and the PSVs of the loci. All results obtained with the various typing techniques supported the conclusion. The allele distributions of the binary markers were analysed in more than 600 males with seven different haplogroups. For P25, the ancestral allele C was found in several samples from different haplogroups. The derived allele A was always present with an additional C variant. Haplogroup P was defined by the derived allele A at the 92R7 locus. However, the ancestral allele G was always associated with an A variant due to the duplication.     

Homicide–suicide in Hong Kong, 1989–1998

This study provides the first systematic research of homicide–suicide (HS) in a Chinese society. Data were drawn from the HK Homicide Monitoring Data-base computer file derived from investigation and death reports held by the HK Police Force and the Coroner’s Court. During the 10-year study period, 56 events involving 133 deaths were identified. The majority of offenders were males (75%) and most victims were female (64%). The mean age of offenders and victims were 41.9 and 32.3 years, respectively. Spouses and lovers comprised the majority of victims (46.4%) followed by child victims (36%). Most HS events were motivated by separation or termination of marital or sexual relations (39%), economic reasons (25%) and other domestic disputes (20%). The most frequent modes of killing were strangulation/suffocation (26%), stabbing/chopping (24%), followed by gassing/poisoning (14%) and falling from a height (14%). The commonest method of suicide was falling from a height (48%). It was followed by gassing/poisoning (22%) and strangulation/suffocation (13%). Depression (18.3%) was found to be the commonest mental disorder. Most offenders were from low-socio-economic background. Two-third were unemployed and 76.6% had 9 or less years of education. HS in HK were distinguished from those reported in the western literature in respect to the high relevance of economic factors, the absence of mercy killing between old couples, a higher percentage of pedicide–suicides and the infrequent use of firearms.     

Typing of mitochondrial DNA coding region SNPs of forensic and anthropological interest using SNaPshot minisequencing

The development of new methodologies for high-throughput SNP analysis is one of the most stimulating areas in genetic research. Here, we describe a rapid and robust assay to simultaneously genotype 17 mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) coding region SNPs by minisequencing using SNaPshot. SNaPshot is a methodology based on a single base extension of an unlabeled oligonucleotide with labeled dideoxy terminators. The set of SNPs implemented in this multiplexed SNaPshot reaction allow us to allocate common mitochondrial West Eurasian haplotypes into their corresponding branch in the mtDNA skeleton, with special focus on those haplogroups lacking unambiguous diagnostic positions in the first and second hypervariable regions (HVS-I/II; by far, the most common segments analyzed by sequencing). Particularly interesting is the set of SNPs that subdivide haplogroup H; the most frequent haplogroup in Europe (40–50%) and one of the most poorly characterized phylogenetically in the HVS-I/II region. In addition, the polymorphic positions selected for this multiplex reaction increase considerably the discrimination power of current mitochondrial analysis in the forensic field and can also be used as a rapid screening tool prior to full sequencing analysis. The method has been validated in a sample of 266 individuals and shows high accuracy and robustness avoiding both the use of alternative time-consuming classical strategies (i.e. RFLP typing) and the need for high quantities of DNA template.     

Myxoid heart disease: A review with special emphasis on sudden cardiac death

Myxoid heart disease (MHD), more commonly known as mitral valve prolapse, is a very common caridac abnormality affecting 5–10% of the general population. This article reviews the history, symptoms, physical findings, pathology, associated conditions and complications of this entity. Special emphasis is given to sudden cardiac death, which occurs as a result of acute heart failure or due to a fatal arrhythmia. Theories regarding the origin of the arrhythmias are discussed. Once the origin is known, those at risk for this devastating complication can be identified and perhaps a preventative therapeutic regimen developed.     

知识经济时代的图书馆及其发展策略

步入21世纪,人类将进入以知识信息的生产、分配和利用为基础的知识经济时代.在知识经济时代里,图书馆作为人类知识的宝库,其职能与作用更显突出与重要.面对知识经济的挑战,当代图书馆应大力实施有效的发展策略,以适应时代发展的潮流.     

A cross-sectional study on expression of anger and factors associated with criminal recidivism in prisoners with prior offences

Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine demographical characteristics leading to crime recidivism and define anger levels and anger expression manners for those who re-commit crime.Method: All the literate inmates in zmit Closed Penitentiary were included in this cross-sectional study. The prisoners were asked to respond to State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory. Their socio-demographic data were collected and a questionnaire was given to them to determine their state of imprisonment, sentence, nature of the crime in which they were involved, their criminal history, their relationship with inmates and prison staff and substance and alcohol use.Results: Of the 438 prisoners, 302 (68.9%) responded to the questionnaires. Crime recidivism among the study cohort was observed to be 37.4%.Mean trait anger, anger out and anger in scores were significantly higher in prisoners with criminal recidivism in comparison with those who did not have prior criminal records. However, mean anger control scores for prisoners with or without criminal recidivism were similar. Unemployment, education level completed at secondary school or below, having committed a crime under the influence of alcohol or narcotics, having been involved in prison fights, having resisted police officers, caused damage in their vicinity when angry and violent crimes were all found to be possible causes of criminal recidivism. Educational level completed at secondary school or below, getting into fights with other prisoners, unemployment and resisting police officers were determined to be the strongest indicators to predict criminal recidivism when all variables were considered according to a logistic regression model.Conclusion: It can be proposed that those who have problems with officials or hostile towards others constitute a risk group for criminal recidivism. If prisoners with criminal recidivism can be helped to identify and control their anger, their risk of committing a new crime can be minimised.