试论中国特色社会主义理论体系中科技创新思想的传承与发展

中国特色社会主义理论体系传承并发展了马克思主义科技创新思想。20世纪80年代,邓小平提出科学技术是第一生产力,重新恢复并进一步突出科技创新的地位。20世纪90年代,三个代表重要思想通过科教兴国战略对科技创新发展进行了总体战略部署。进入新的世纪,科学发展观根据实际情况提出了我国科技创新工作的发展途径——走中国特色自主创新之路。深入研究中国特色社会主义理论体系中的科技创新思想,有助于推动我国科技创新和社会主义建设事业的发展。     

"以人为本"的"人"的涵义探析

"以人为本"作为科学发展观的实质和核心,是理论界研究的一个热点。在马克思主义唯物史观的视野中,"以人为本"中的"人"有三层涵义,即"人"是人类、"人"是现实的个人、"人"是指人民群众。正确地理解"以人为本"中的"人"的涵义,有助于我们牢固树立和认真落实科学发展观,更好地构建社会主义和谐社会。     

中央推进粤港澳大湾区建设的法治路径--“中央权力行使指南”的提出

《粤港澳大湾区发展规划纲要》将一国两制,依法办事作为指导思想和基本原则,明确了中央以法治路径推进大湾区建设的理念。在以法治路径推进大湾区建设过程中,由于一国两制的实施,以及大湾区加快制度创新和先行先试的战略要求,中央权力易于出现两种倾向:一方面,中央权力易于越位,即突破宪法、基本法等法律,逾越中央与地方权力的界限;另一方面,中央权力易于缺位,即过分强调地方自主协作,忽视中央权力的重要作用。为了保障全面依法治国战略在大湾区建设中有效实施,做到中央权力不缺位、不越位,有必要结合大湾区建设所涉及的事项,根据地方推进该事项的意愿与权力,将这些事项分为四类,依据宪法法律针对性地提出中央权力行使指南,明晰中央推进大湾区建设的法治路径。     

启蒙的路径与马克思政治哲学的观念资源

汤姆·洛克莫尔是研究当代欧陆哲学和马克思哲学的著名学者,在德国古典哲学和马克思主义研究领域颇有影响,现为北京大学人文讲席教授。他出版了《黑格尔：之前和之后——黑格尔思想历史导论》、《马克思主义之后的马克思》、《历史唯物主义：哈贝马斯的重建》、《在康德的唤醒下：20世纪西方哲学》、《非理性主义：卢卡奇与马克思主义理性观》等著作。近日,中国人民大学哲学院臧峰宇教授围绕启蒙的谱系、马克思政治哲学的观念资源与卢卡奇的理性观等问题对话汤姆·洛克莫尔教授,这些讨论关注马克思政治哲学史与马克思主义哲学理解史,在历史语境中勾勒出启蒙哲学与马克思哲学之间关系的一种可能性图景。     

提高领导干部领导水平和执政能力的有效途径

提高石油企业领导干部的领导水平和执政能力,必须建立良好的选人用人制度,坚持群众公认和民主集中的原则,运用考察、识别干部的正确方法,把握好选人标准,严格执行《条例》规定的选拔程序,从根本上选好人;必须搞好新形势下的干部管理工作,积极推行领导干部业绩成果公示制度,抓好干部岗位职责与干部任职能力考核;必须完善干部交流锻炼制度,加强岗位交流,培养复合型管理人才;必须完善教育培训机制,加强思想政治理论教育,加强新知识、新理论的教育,提高领导干部的任职能力。     

从孟子的诠释思想看汉宋治学方法之对立

立足于文献诠释的角度观察，汉宋治学方法之对立展现为还原性诠释方法与创造性诠释方法的歧异。然而，在孟子的诠释思想中，以上两种诠释方法却是有机统一的。两种方法的调融使二者均能够扬长避短地发挥其效用。     

“It makes it legit”: local semiotic perceptions of the linguistic landscape in a market in Soshanguve,South Africa

This article explores the linguistic landscape (LL) of a semi-informal market in a South African township called Soshanguve. The fieldsite is situated in an area that is characterized by diversity and longstanding multilingualism. An ethnographic approach draws on the semiotic reading of the LL by a participant whose analysis of the multilingual commercial signage provides insight into local perceptions on language use and materiality. The study focuses on the participant’s analysis of the indexicality of African languages and traders’ names used in the LL that is in general dominated by English. Furthermore, the use of Sepitori (mixed language) in the signage will be explored for the first time. Findings contribute to disentangle and expand the notion of luxury and necessity. More specifically, we suggest that these concepts can be extended to include the notions of sponsorship and mediation, which can potentially involve reinterpreting the process of production, use and perception of the materials in signage.     

A Comparison of Tobacco Policy in the UK and Japan: If the Scientific Evidence is Identical,Why is There a Major Difference in Policy?

Tobacco policy in the UK and Japan has diverged markedly. In the 1980s, both countries oversaw regimes with minimal economic and regulatory policies. Now the UK has become one of the most, and Japan one of the least, controlled (advanced industrial) states. These developments are puzzling to public health scholars who give primary explanatory weight to scientific evidence and a vague notion of “political will”, because policy makers possessed the same evidence on the harms of tobacco, and made the same international commitment to comprehensive tobacco control. Instead, we identify the role of a mutually reinforcing dynamic in policy environments, facilitating policy change in the UK but not Japan: policy makers accepted the scientific evidence, framed tobacco as a public health epidemic, placed health departments at the heart of policy, formed networks with public health groups and excluded tobacco companies, and accentuated socio-economic conditions supportive of tobacco control. This dynamic helps explain why the UK became more likely to select each tobacco policy control instrument during a series of “windows of opportunity”. Such analysis, generated by policy theory, is crucial to contemporary science/practitioner debates on the politics of “evidence-based policy making”: the evidence does not speak for itself, and practitioners need to know how to use it effectively in policy environments.