Applying rapid results approach to local service delivery: issues,lessons and challenges from Nairobi City Council

Over the years, the Kenyan Government has pursued wide‐ranging public sector reforms to improve local service delivery, but little has been achieved due to lack of a wide‐ranging decentralisation policy and institutional framework. To precipitate the reform process, the rapid results approach (RRA), commonly applied in private sector organisations, was recently introduced thorough out the public sector, including local authorities (LAs). This article assesses the efficacy of the rapid results approach (RRA) methodology in local service delivery using Nairobi City Council as a prototype; highlighting the success stories, pitfalls and challenges. The analyses are based on the findings obtained using current literature on the subject matter and the author's interactions with the council staff, councillors and other stakeholders. On the basis of the analysis, the article draws the main conclusions and policy advice on what could be considered critical for further debate, highlighting issues, lessons and challenges that could be raised to improve the practice of RRI. The key messages presented here will help policy makers, scholars and practitioners of reform to re‐think the envisaged countrywide replication of RRI to the rest of LAs. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

经济哲学和科技哲学

国外学者一般以科学哲学为范例研究经济哲学问题,近年来国内关于经济哲学的研究也有类似的主张。本文通过科学哲学与科学和经济哲学与经济学二者关系的比较研究,认为经济哲学的学科性质不同于科学哲学,在研究对象、研究内容和研究方法方面也与科学哲学不具有相似性。     

核安全峰会、全球核秩序建设与中国角色

长期以来,在全球核安全领域已经逐步建立起了一套管理制度,其中,美国扮演了主要角色。2009年,美国奥巴马政府提出的核安全峰会倡议是美国试图延续其对全球核秩序的领导做出的又一轮努力。但是,由于奥巴马政府的动员能力有限,更重要的是美国已经越来越难以将其利益转化为国际社会的共同利益,奥巴马政府的核安全议程面临进展缓慢、甚至是停滞不前的局面。奥巴马政府在全球核治理议程设置方面面临的窘境提示人们,全球核治理应该更加全面、真实地反映国际社会的真正利益需求。全球核治理需要为其他国家提供更多的机会和平台。2008年全球金融危机以来,新兴经济体已经在全球经济治理中发挥越来越重要的作用。这些国家凭借经济和科技能力、政治影响力以及更具代表性的身份特征,应该在全球核治理体系建设中发挥更大作用。中国作为新兴经济体中的重要成员、作为发展中大国、作为在世界事务中拥有重要影响的国家,应该为全球和地区的核秩序建设做出更大贡献,并就如何构建更加贴近民生需求、更加符合各国国情、更加持久的核安全治理提出了基本设想。     

On the Macro Positioning Regarding Anti-Monopoly Considerations Relating to Internet Platform—An Analysis Based on Politics,Policies and Laws

The positioning of anti-monopoly law depends on its unique value, goal and function. From the beginning, anti-monopoly law has had a great political and economic mission, and can become a “super law” with a grand value goal and a powerful function in economic adjustment. The uniqueness of the Internet, in capital, technology and business models, easily allows Internet platforms to grow anarchically, and to have a high correlation with anti-monopoly concerns. Internet anti-monopoly policy should first expand its thinking and elevate its stance in macro value, and seek appropriate legal and economic technical paths. China’s Internet platform anti-monopoly policy cannot simply follow today’s international and superficial trend, which does not contribute to positive experience and may conceal various interests. Instead, China’s Internet platform anti-monopoly policy should actively follow, respect and serve the substantial development interests of China’s digital economy, operating in a timely fashion and at the right location, in ways that are opportune, moderate and modest. It should always be committed to the innovation and development of China’s Internet industry and to international competitiveness. Internet anti-monopoly policy should adhere to the rule of law, build a corresponding rule system, ensure objectivity, neutrality and rationality, and prevent irrationality and over-excitement.     

痕迹检验学成绩评定方式方法改革构想

成绩评定的方式方法对于教学质量有着重要的影响,充分发挥成绩评定的评价作用和导向作用,是提高教学质量、提高学员素质的重要途径之一。笔者通过对以往成绩评定方式方法的反思,借鉴其他学科的经验,提出了本课程成绩评定改革的初步方案。     

东亚区域合作与欧洲一体化的发展模式比较

东亚区域合作不同于欧洲的统一观念和制度化建设,主要来自于权力与利益的互动联系,运行中突出市场导向而缺乏制度规范.应认真总结欧洲一体化历程的经验,并与东亚地区合作模式进行比较,以新地区主义视角来探讨适合东亚特色的地区主义合作道路.东亚区域合作应发挥东盟的地区主导作用,完善东盟与中日韩的"10 3"合作机制,共同塑造东亚新地区主义的开放性、协商性和多层次性的特点,实现利益共同体的发展目标.     

A sociosemiotic interpretation of cybersecurity in U.S. legislative discourse

ABSTRACT

Based on one specially created corpus of U.S. cybersecurity-related laws, this study employs the corpus approach to examine the referent objects and securitizing actors in U.S. cybersecurity legislative discourse, which are two critical issues in constructing security, including cybersecurity. Through corpus data analysis, it is found that unlike traditional security, cybersecurity has become more people-oriented in terms of referent objects with critical infrastructure as a key referent object. Additionally, the role of private sectors and cooperative security are highlighted in U.S. cybersecurity legislative discourse. From a sociosemiotic perspective, it is noted that the meaning-making process of U.S. cybersecurity not only is conveyed by the texts but also interacts with other sign systems, such as historical background, cyberspace as a virtual realm and social contexts, which suggests that the specific meanings of signs constructing cybersecurity and cybersecurity itself should be interpreted in specific temporal or spatial contexts. Furthermore, a sociosemiotic approach to U.S. cybersecurity legislative discourse also offers valuable insights to how signs and concepts in cybersecurity contribute to sketching a holistic landscape of cybersecurity and further security on a large scale.     

论我国社会冲突中的法律控制及其完善

社会冲突是社会学理论的一个基本概念。法律控制的社会冲突是自然人与法人的行为冲突,这种行为冲突具有严重的反社会性。社会冲突的法律控制具有预警、宣泄、救济、秩序等作用,但也存在着范围不足、僵化和社会成本高等局限。完善社会冲突中的法律控制,需要以立法的方式确立利益主体的平等地位,明确界定产权,实行分配正义,确定社会冲突的多元控制模式。     

基于能力提升的高校就业指导途径研究

大学生就业难的主要原因之一是大学生自身就业能力不足。高校就业指导课在培养大学生就业能力方面存在着纵向设置不合理、横向互动较缺乏的问题。针对以上问题,高校就业指导课程应遵循系统性与阶段性相结合、灵活与创造相结合、有效性与针对性相结合的原则,采用模式创新为基础、机制培育为核心、资源对接为重点的途径,逐步解决这些问题。     

从理论到实践的转型:论课税要件适用的双重面向

税法上的"课税要件"是由观念、制度、规则等多层次、多维度组成的税法学理论与实务动态应用体系,是税法学的研究基础,并以此为思维工具展开对具体税及法律关系的解构。通过对既有理论学说的拓补、拾遗,着重课税要件的如何适用,寻找其适用的理论界限、实践取向,从判决中归纳提炼其在司法实务中的运行进路。以课税要件融贯税法规范与经济事实,提供解决实务中细腻而具体、疑难且复杂实务问题的分析方法及路径。藉由税法学理论应然面的型塑与税收司法实务实然面运行的映射,以求描绘其基本形貌。