陕甘宁边区对建设和谐性社会的探索——以延安时期教材资料为中心

教材是研究陕甘宁边区社会建设的重要资料,本文以甘肃、陕西、青海和宁夏博物馆、档案馆及个人收藏的课本和教材为基本材料,对陕甘宁边区和谐性社会建设进行了探讨和研究。毛泽东等中央第一代领导集体在理论方面对和谐性社会建设有创见和论述。陕甘宁边区在建设和谐性社会的实践方面取得积极成效,如人与自然的和谐、生产和生活的和谐、物质和精神生活的和谐、干群关系和谐、反对封建迷信等方面,对中国特色社会主义和谐社会建设有启示和借鉴意义。     

Sci-Tech

正China,Russia to Monitor Migratory Birds Scientists from China and Russia have jointly begun monitoring cross-border migratory waterfowl to better prevent and control disease outbreaks.The program is part of an action plan to protect rare wild animals,signed by the two countries in 2012,said Wang Xiaolong,a professor with Northeast Forestry University,at a seminar in Harbin on ecological risk management and control.The program will study the health conditions and ecological safety of wild animals in Arctic circumpolar regions.It will also study the infl uence of pesticide residue and oil leaks in extremely cold sea waters on bird health.China and Russia     

Boko Haram,bandits and slave-raiders: identities and violence in a Central African borderland

ABSTRACT

Boko Haram is a religiously motivated insurgency with a complex history in Nigeria and origins in urban Maiduguri. Through most of its existence Boko Haram has shown an affinity for border regions: the frontier zones between Nigeria and Niger, the Mandara Mountains on the border with Cameroon, and the shorelines and islands of Lake Chad. This paper argues that this is an historically mediated process. Boko Haram as a borderland phenomenon echoes the hijra of Usman dan Fodio, but also structured forms of violence and wealth creation that have historically united elites and their followers in the region. Moreover, there are continuities between the actions and actors associated with earlier phases of border violence and processes involving Boko Haram today. This suggests that Boko Haram will not be “defeated,” but rather that the region will see a reversion to forms of border violence that were prevalent as recently as the early 2000s.     

Functional Actorness? Border Security in the EU and Turkey

The European Union (EU) has fortified its external borders using a number of measures including the creation of new institutions and networks such as FRONTEX and EUROSUR. In non-EU countries such as Turkey, border security is being reorganized with EU support and cooperation. By combining the literature on EU actorness and neo-functionalism, I provide a theoretical toolkit to critically unpack these new developments through conceptualizing multiple dimensions of what I call functional actorness. The contribution analyzes how the functional transformation of EU and Turkish border security has produced a number of side effects which are critically appraised.     

“兴地睦边”农田整治重大工程调查研究

搞好土地整理,不仅改善农业农村的生产生活条件,提高农业综合生产能力,促进新农村建设,还将从根本上缓解土地资源供需矛盾,保障经济社会可持续发展。西部生态建设地区云南省“兴地睦边”农田整治重大工程是国土资源部在云南省西南边境地区开展的一项兴边富民工程,重点对区域内田、水、路、林、村等进行综合整治,并配套较完备的农田基础设施。该文认为项目的建设对改善区域农业生产环境、提高当地人民生活水平、促进边境地区民族团结、维护边疆稳定产生重要意义,并就项目的实施、管理、研究等问题提出了建议。     

中缅关系60年:发展过程和历史经验

60年来中缅关系提供了发展两国关系的宝贵历史经验,主要是:相邻的地域和密切的民族、经济联系和由此形成的利益攸关的关系是中缅关系的重要特点和广泛、厚实的基础;坚持和平共处五项原则是处理两国关系的基本准则;中缅友好关系和合作水平提高的动力是双方为扩大和实现合作共赢的互动,而在这互动中中国作为大国的对缅合作战略和积极主动极为重要;两国关系的发展趋势是领域越来越广泛、合作水平不断提高,趋向于战略性的合作。尽管缅甸正在积极推行多边外交,但中国对缅甸具有特殊的重要性,巩固、发展和提升两国关系的关键还在于不断巩固与扩大两国的共同利益。     

公共安全支出对陆疆国防支出影响的实证研究——基于陆疆9省(区)的面板数据

以陆疆9省(区) 2007-2016年国防支出与公共安全支出的面板数据作为样本数据,采用最大似然估计方法对短面板数据进行了随机效应回归分析,结果发现,公共安全支出对陆疆9省(区)国防支出具有显著性作用,陆疆经济发展水平制约着陆疆国防支出。公共安全支出与陆疆国防支出呈现负相关关系。陆疆安全稳定在一定程度上受到了城乡差距的影响。地方财政支出与国防支出的关系为正,财政支出的增加能为国防支出提供更多支持,但并不显著,说明地方财政支出对国防支出影响因子较小,国防支出在陆疆安全上有一个比较稳定的投入,也印证了陆疆国防支出与地方经济发展的关系。陆疆国防支出的增加对犯罪率的下降有促进作用,社会犯罪行为是陆疆另一个社会稳定影响的因素,一些国际犯罪、宗教类犯罪行为会影响陆疆国防安全。     

Spatial Distributions of Oxygen Stable Isotope Ratios in Tap Water From Mexico for Region of Origin Predictions of Unidentified Border Crossers

One of the many difficulties associated with identifying undocumented border crossers stems from an inability to narrow down the search area for the region of origin and family members to obtain family reference samples for DNA comparison. While the geography of regions of origins is wide, the biological profiles of the undocumented border crossers often show strong similarities, young and male. The isotopic composition of human bones, teeth, and hair has been demonstrated to be useful biomarkers for tracing locations and movements of individuals and for aiding in the identification of human remains. Data obtained from human remains can be compared to and aligned with various reference sources, such as soils and bedrock, archaeological remains, or cultural data. Here, the spatial deficiency in isotopic reference data for Mexico, specifically for oxygen (δ¹⁸O) isotopes in tap water, is being addressed through the collection and analysis of over 150 water samples and explored with tooth enamel isotopic values from recently identified Mexican nationals. The isoscape was developed using a Spine with Barriers interpolation method and shows sufficient detail to narrow down the regions where specific isotopic values are represented. The individuals were plotted on the developed isoscape using conditional correlations. The methodology was successful in assigning the correct regions of origin for the two individuals, which shows the tremendous potential of the developed isoscape. Nonetheless, there is more research needed to further improve upon this geolocation method, including analysis of multiple isotopes in different tissues, and the development of new isotopic methods.     

边防警察战术意识表现形式探析

战术意识作为一种抽象的能力,对边防警察在边防战斗过程中的战术行为起着重要的支配作用,战术意识研究的关键在于找准其表现形式,并以此为依据为边防警察战术意识的培养和评价找到坚实的理论支撑。该文通过对大量警务战术基础理论的研究,提出了将政治敏感性、战术的合法性、战术的合理性、战术的安全性以及战术的及时性作为边防警察战术意识表现形式的观点,以期对边防警察战术意识的研究有所裨益。     

The socio-territorial belonging in a cross-border area: a sociological approach

This paper presents a case study carried out in the Italian town of Gorizia and the Slovenian town of Nova Gorica. These two towns used to belong to the same nation, whereas now they are separated by a national border. Since their separation, their history and social processes have taken different paths, but the two towns are located along the same border area. The research focuses on the sense of socio-territorial belonging in the Gorizia and Nova Gorica residents towards their respective town, country and Europe. A particular type of qualitative interview with photos was applied: the bipolar photo elicitation.