Marie Corelli's British new woman: A threat to empire?

At the height of the British Empire, England was in the midst of major social, economic and moral upheaval. The roles and status of middle-class women were particularly affected by many of these changes. In turn, as the gap between idealism and ‘reality’ grew, the validity or usefulness of Victorian notions or ideals of womanhood increasingly came under attack. Arising from this commotion was the figure of the late Victorian and Edwardian ‘New Woman.’ Her appearance provoked further confusion and ambiguity about gender that had repercussions for empire. This paper addresses the way in which the role of English women in sustaining the British Empire intensified the social pressures on them in the metropole. It examines the threat to nation and empire represented by the New Woman by looking at how she was presented to the rapidly growing general reading public at the end of the nineteenth- and beginning of the twentieth century. This is achieved by looking at the bestselling novels of Marie Corelli, a phenomenally popular turn-of-the-century author. Corelli's novels repeatedly affirm that the New Woman represented the threat of ‘modernity,’ that she was a danger to ‘civilisation’ and therefore to British imperialism.     

The Impact of Rural Votes in Foreign Policies: The FTA Policies under the DPJ Government in Japan

The recent trend of bilateral free trade agreements (FTAs) has pressured the governments of many countries to make such arrangements with their trade partners. Since its foundation in 1998, the Democratic Party of Japan (DPJ) has advocated free trade policies, partly because the party was an urban-based party. Thus, many expected that, when the DPJ assumed power in 2009, it would implement free trade policies as it had promised in the past. However, the DPJ government failed to deliver on its promise after spending three and a half years in office. It contrasts sharply with the Korean government under the leadership of Lee Myung-bak, which managed to conclude FTAs with its major trade partners, including the United States and the European Union. Both governments' free trade policies faced strong opposition from the agricultural industry, as farmers in Japan and Korea lacked international competitiveness. What explains the reasons why the Japanese government has been struggling to implement its free trade policies, while its Korean counterpart succeeded in signing a number of FTAs? Focusing primarily on the case of Japan and using the Korean case as reference, this study tries to provide an explanation for this puzzle by analyzing the impact of rural votes in the policy-making process.     

The limits of regulatory convergence: globalization and GMO politics in the south

Is globalization promoting regulatory convergence in agricultural biotechnology policies in the South? This article examines the nature and limits of regulatory convergence in the field of agri-biotechnology and investigates the effects that international forces have on biotechnology and biosafety policies in developing countries. Based on detailed case studies of Mexico, China and South Africa this article shows that these three leading biotechnology countries in the South are exposed to powerful international influences but are responding to the regulatory challenges of genetically modified organisms (GMO) adoption in distinctive ways. The existing regulatory polarization between US and EU biotechnology approaches has not forced a convergence around either of these two international models. GMO policies in the South do not simply follow the binary logic of the US–EU regulatory conflict. Instead, they integrate elements from both regulatory approaches and are steering a course that suggests substantial regulatory diversity in the South. The globalization of biotechnology thus goes hand in hand with regulatory diversity in the developing world. Furthermore, regulatory polarization between the EU and US has helped to open up political space in key developing countries.     

少数民族贫困地区农技推广面临的难题及对策

自然条件差、文化素质低、投入不足和体制不健全是少数民族贫困地区农业科技推广面临的难题,要立足实际,加强基础设施建设和基层农技服务组织建设,把示范推广与行政措施相结合。     

农地承包制度中公平与效率的矛盾及其协调——基于政策演进的视角

公平与效率的矛盾是农地承包制度发展中的固有矛盾,是影响乡村振兴战略的重要因素,研究农地承包制度中这一矛盾的协调意义重大.从政策演进的视角揭示农地承包制度发展进程中公平与效率矛盾的表现及变化,分析矛盾原因并探索缓和矛盾的有效对策.结果 表明:在农地承包制度演进过程中,公平与效率的矛盾以土地细碎化、人地关系不匹配等形式存在...     

WTO框架下云南农业结构的调整和优化

在我国加入WTO和普通农产品过剩的前提下,调整和优化我省农业结构,必须提高产品质量和增加具有竞争力强的品种,必须将产业链进行必要的延伸,必须改变经营者的状态。     

印巴冲突的历史根源

印度是个宗教盛行的国家,教派门类繁多,民族矛盾由来已久。17世纪初英国人开始涉足南亚次大陆,英国殖民统治加深了印穆民族矛盾。印巴分治之前,国内党派之间争斗使民族矛盾进一步激化。第二次世界大战结束后,英国政府在决定印度民族独立时继续实行分而治之的政策,不顾民族感情,随心所欲地划定印巴两国疆界,导致克什米尔问题悬而未决。半个世纪以来,克什米尔成了印巴两国争夺的焦点。印巴长期对峙局面难以改观。     

Passport examination by a confocal-type laser profile microscope

The author proposes a nondestructive and highly precise method of measuring the thickness of a film pasted on a passport using a confocal-type laser profile microscope. The effectiveness of this method in passport examination is demonstrated. A confocal-type laser profile microscope is used to create profiles of the film surface and film–paper interface; these profiles are used to calculate the film thickness by employing an algorithm developed by the author. The film thicknesses of the passport samples—35 genuine and 80 counterfeit Japanese passports—are measured nondestructively. The intra-sample standard deviation of the film thicknesses of the genuine and counterfeit Japanese passports was of the order of 1 μm The intersample standard deviations of the film thicknesses of passports forged using the same tools and techniques are expected to be of the order of 1 μm. The thickness values of the films on the machine-readable genuine passports ranged between 31.95 μm and 36.95 μm. The likelihood ratio of this method in the authentication of machine-readable Japanese genuine passports is 11.7. Therefore, this method is effective for the authentification of genuine passports. Since the distribution of the film thickness of all forged passports was considerably larger than the accuracy of this method, this method is considered effective also for revealing the relation among the forged passports and acquiring proof of the crime.     

渤海垦区精神及其当代价值

渤海垦区是抗日战争时期山东战略区政治、军事、经济、文化的稳固后方,被誉为山东的＂小延安＂。在垦区的建设和发展中,勤劳勇敢的垦区人民在中国共产党的领导下,艰苦奋斗,扎实创业,把一片荒芜之地建设成富饶的＂粮仓＂,为抗日战争和解放战争的胜利作出了不可磨灭的贡献,形成了以＂坚韧、开拓、爱民、奉献＂为主要内容的渤海垦区精神。在黄河三角洲高效生态经济区上升为国家战略的大背景下,渤海垦区精神对黄河三角洲新一轮的发展建设具有重大而深远的影响。     

北京国家现代农业科技城“一城多园”建设模式研究

北京国家现代农业科技城建设方案明确提出了“一城多园”的建设布局思路，主要任务就是如何在实际建设中将“城”与“园”统筹规划，整体推进，形成集高端服务、总部经济研发、产业链创业、先导示范功能为一体的农科城。通过调研，该文指出需要着重解决的问题包括“一城多园”功能布局模式、业务联接机制、产业促进体系构建、以及“多园”的定位和产业链建设模式等。在此基础上，该文提出建立具有相应责权的功能性制度和运作机制、以五个中心为功能载体服务并协调统筹多园发展、产业链建设与外埠网联、规范服务和管理、建立科学的评价体系和机制等建议。