The civil unrest as an obstacle toward financial development in Georgia, 1991–2007

Georgia has been experiencing robust GDP growth since the Rose Revolution despite its formal financial system remaining critically underdeveloped. This goes against a strongly supported proposition that a country’s economic development is followed by a well-developed and efficient financial system. In this paper we first explain the shallow financial deepening in Georgia and show that the economic growth in Georgia has been driven by such determinants as public spending and construction works mainly supported by foreign debt and FDI inflow. This paper further argues that prolonged civil conflict is one of the critical obstacles toward financial development in Georgia. Bank lending activity is associated with high level of uncertainty stemming from recurrent civil war. Newly privatized commercial banks are excessively cautious in expanding their loan assets to private non-financial corporations due mainly to the banks’ inability to precisely assess borrower’s risk involving not only with individual financial soundness but also with political uncertainty.     

新阶段中朝经贸合作的新特点及新思路

冷战结束后,中朝关系经历一段磨合出现的新变化使中朝经贸合作呈现出新特点。本文通过对中朝经贸合作特点及朝鲜本国经济特点的分析,提出了深化中朝经贸务实合作的思路:依托中朝两国和国际社会持久的努力,以非市场机制手段有意识地对生产要素的流动进行调节,通过两国生产要素的优化组合,使生产要素充分发挥作用,优势互补,推动朝鲜的生产力和经济发展,从而促进中朝经贸务实合作。     

运动员商事人格权的归属--兼论运动员商业开发体制的完善

随着社会的发展变化,商事人格权已经逐渐成为人们关注的焦点。运动员商事人格权归属不清已经成为制约我国体育事业发展的瓶颈,旧的运动员商业开发体制已经不能适应新形势的需要。应当从法学角度明确运动员商事人格权的归属和内容,以推动我国运动员商业开发体制的完善。     

我国涉外民商事诉讼管辖权制度的完善

我国现行民事诉讼法有关涉外民商事诉讼管辖权的规定实施已15个春秋,面对新形势下日趋复杂的涉外民商事法律关系以及轰轰烈烈的民事司法改革大潮显然已捉襟见肘。鉴于十届全国人大常委会已将民事诉讼法的修改纳入本届人大立法规划内,这无疑为完善我国涉外民商事诉讼管辖权制度提供了难得的契机。对该制度作一全方位的扫描,着重分析其亟需弥补的缺陷与不足,推动我国国际私法学界对这些问题的深入研究,并对民事诉讼法的修改工作产生持续、有效的影响,是极为必要的。     

The Protection of Confidentiality in Australian Family Law

This paper identifies and discusses the legislative provisions which protect confidentiality in family law proceedings in Australia. The purpose of discussing these protections is two‐fold: firstly, to identify the scope and operation of these protections for Australian legal practitioners; secondly, to allow comparison of Australian protections to those offered in other jurisdictions. This paper will consider duties of confidentiality and evidential privileges in the context of settlement negotiation, mediation, arbitration, lawyer‐client relationships and medical, counselling and other therapeutic relationships. The rationale for the protection of confidentiality in some of these relationships and circumstances, but not in others, will also be considered in an attempt to understand why it is so.     

Legitimación en las acciones colectivas

This paper analyses the standing in collective actions to enforce undefined and collective interests as well as homogeneous individual interests, according to the Brazilian legal doctrine and legislation. He treats the types of class actions, the standing to bring a suit and the adequate representation in the Latin American countries that have developed these matters: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico and Uruguay. Of Argentinean Law, the author examines the collective amparo contained in article 43 of the National Constitutional, and the environmental and consumer’s procedures. Of Brazilian Law, the author studies the actions to enforce undefined and collective interests and homogeneous individual interests, contained in the 1990 Consumer’s Defense Code. The Brazilian Law guidelines have influenced the Model Code of Collective Procedures for Iberoamerica and the Chilean and Mexican Laws. In Colombia the collective interests are enforced by popular actions, and the equivalent to the homogeneous individual interests are defended through group actions.     

对价欺诈交易刑民界限的法教义学分析

对价欺诈交易是指行为人采取虚构事实或者隐瞒真相的方法,通过交付相当代价欺骗他人进行交易的行为。对价欺诈交易侵犯的法益是财产权,商业自治权在厘定对价欺诈交易的民刑界限时可以发挥重要的功能导向性作用。作为刑事犯罪的对价欺诈交易中的“财产损失”,包括客观损失以及交易的物品因不具有商业价值而遭受的损失,但应排除边际损失。对价欺诈交易中“欺诈”的刑事处罚范围,因对价之存在需要从性质、对象以及价值判断上进行限制,同时要加以体系性限缩。对行为人归责,需要考虑被害人是否尽谨慎义务。被害人之谨慎义务应采取折中说。认定刑事诈骗之“非法占有目的”,原则上应采取结果性非法占有目的,特殊情形下可采取行为性非法占有目的。     

个殊化与融贯性:基本文化权益保障的规范内涵论

文化产业与文化事业是基本文化权益保障研究的两类主要视域,但文化事业视域中的相关价值与规范交互性研究往往为学界所忽略。在我国最基本的文化服务事项尚未实现充分平权供给的前提下,该类研究更显其现实意义。有必要在我国基本文化权益保障所依托的公共文化服务体系发生系统变革的背景下,从价值目标与权益事项这两个方面来尝试解构文化事业视域中基本文化权益保障的规范内涵,以提供必要的原理原则层面的概念指引。应根据不同类型的服务供给方而凸显基本文化权益保障的个殊化价值目标,公益性文化单位提供的服务是义务非营利性的,经营性文化单位提供的服务则是激励非营利性的。在此基础上,基于非营利性价值目标所蕴含的社会效益最大化考量,从文化参与权益、文化成果分享权益和文化平等权益这三个方面,来厘清基本文化权益保障的融贯性权益事项。     

农民工权益缺失——构建和谐社会不能忽视的问题

中国改革开放以来农民分化出一个独特的、人数越来越多的“农民工”阶层。随着社会经济的不断发展,涌向城市的农民工越来越多。农民工在为城市发展,为整个社会的文明做出巨大贡献的同时,却没有获得平等分享一定社会资源的权利,农民工权益保障缺失是当前构建和谐社会的主要矛盾之一,因此解决农民工问题就成为构建社会主义和谐社会的重要一环。     

我国刑法中犯罪本质的法益侵害性阐释

犯罪的本质主要解决立法和定罪的正当性的问题.从世界范围来看,德日法益侵害说、英美系的危害原则和中俄的社会危害性理论是各自主流的犯罪本质学说.我国刑法规定犯罪的本质为社会危害性,社会危害性这一概念能够揭示行为的自然性质和社会性质.不过,当前据以判断社会危害性的实体内容和规范标准缺失,应当予以修正.将社会危害性理解为法益侵...