用PCR-SSP法分析中国辽宁汉族HLA-DRBI基因多态性

应用PCR－SSP方法对辽宁地区159名无关个体进行HLA－DRB1位点基因分型，检出8组等位基因（扩增片段大小为100bp），基因频率范围在0．02201～0．23899。36种可能基因型中检出33种。经x2检验符合Hardy－Weinberg平衡定律。本地区汉族群体的期望杂合度为85％，观察杂合度为83％。个人鉴别机率（DP）为0．94非父排除率（EPP）为66％。本法具有简单、快速、结果可靠的特点，不仅适用于法医学亲子鉴定和个人识别、移植配型，亦可用于相关疾病及人类遗传学研究。     

尤凯帕病毒HN基因的克隆与原核表达

通过提取尤凯帕病毒 (Yucaipavirus ,PMV 2 )的RNA ,进行RT PCR ,获得了HN基因。序列分析结果表明 ,HN基因的ORF全长为 174 3nt,编码一由 5 80个氨基酸组成的蛋白。HN基因经双酶切后连接入 pTYB 2原核表达载体。酶切鉴定筛选阳性克隆 ,用IPTG诱导表达 ,经SDS PAGE电泳和Western blotting检测均可见一约 110ku的目的条带 ,说明大肠埃希氏菌表达的HN蛋白能与抗PMV 2阳性血清特异性结合。     

公安户籍管理的法律原点

户籍管理是国家的一项重要行政管理制度,是国家行下管理的基础,根本职能是从法律意义上确定公民的身份信息。姓名是一个文化概念,其有文化属性,它是一个国有、一个民族或者一个地区历史文化传统的传承与积淀,是具有典型象征意义的一个抽象符号,可以使我们从一个侧面识别公民的身份。基因和基因身份证在个体识别方面有其优越性和科学性,但不具有法律属性。公民的身份号码是公民身份法定化的根本标志,具有唯一性,确定性和法律属性,是理解户籍管理的法律坐标原点,能够真正实现对公民身份进行法律识别和确认。     

2010年韩国外交综述

过去的2010年,韩国政府在巩固＂新亚洲外交＂成果的基础上,努力应对朝鲜半岛的紧张局势,以举办G20峰会为契机,加强韩美同盟、积极开展经济外交,推动FTA战略的实施,拓展与其他国家的交流合作,促进经济的较快发展。本文旨在探讨韩国政府过去一年的外交政策,对其外交的主要特点进行阐述和分析。     

What Mr. Spock told the earthlings: the aims of political philosophy,action-guidingness and fact-dependency

Abstract

Recently, G. A. Cohen introduced an influential distinction between fact-sensitive and fact-insensitive principles arguing that all basic normative principles are of the latter type. David Miller rejects this claim submitting that the validity of basic normative political principles depends on some general propositions about human nature and societies; for example, that men’s generosity is ‘confined’ and that nature has made ‘scanty provision’ for his wants. Miller ties this view of the nature of basic political principles to the view that political philosophy ought to guide people engaged in real-world politics and claims plausibly that in order to fulfil this purpose, political philosophy must be informed by social science. I argue that Miller neither succeeds in showing that basic principles can be fact-sensitive, nor establishes any connection between the Cohen-Miller disagreement on fact-sensitivity, on the one hand, and the nature and aims of political philosophy, on the other hand.     

鸭瘟病毒gC基因的克隆及其分子特性分析

对已构建的鸭瘟病毒(DPV)DNA文库重组质粒测序后,运用ORF Finder、BLASTN等工具进行全面生物信息学分析,根据分析结果设计引物,以DPV DNA为模板进行PCR扩增和T克隆,获得完整基因,经测序和探针核酸斑点杂交进行验证。结果证实,获得的完整ORF片段(ORF1296)为DPV的gC基因(GenBank登录号EU076811),全长1 296 bp,与已报道的其他疱疹病毒gC基因具有较高的同源性,它编码432个氨基酸,蛋白分子质量为45 ku、等电点(PI)为5.292,具有疱疹病毒典型I型膜蛋白结构特征。gC基因进化树分析表明,DPV与α-疱疹病毒亚科的鸟源疱疹病毒亲缘关系最近,编码的gC蛋白多为柔性区域,富含无规卷曲,含少量α-螺旋和β-折叠,氨基酸序列的第21～24、50～58、67～70、161～171、273～281、387～393位最有可能为抗原表位。此结果为进一步开展DPV gC基因及其编码蛋白的深入研究提供了有用数据。     

Comparing regulatory processes in genome editing and autonomous vehicles: How institutional environments shape sociotechnical imaginaries

This study compares the regulation of two emerging technologies, the CRISPR genome-editing system and Connected and Autonomous Vehicles (CAV) in the United States. The study draws on 33 in-depth interviews with innovation and governance experts to study the relationship between their regulatory environments and developing beliefs about these technologies. Using sociotechnical imaginaries as a framework, we explore how social actors envision technologically driven futures and the social order that enables them. These imaginaries are essential to emerging technologies, where experts build a framework of potentialities for innovation still underway. While scholarship has documented how sociotechnical imaginaries arise among policymakers, groups of scientists, state and local stakeholders, and public actors in different countries, less has been said about how regulatory organizations and their actors shape expectations around technologies that are in the early and middle stages of development. This article finds that regulatory institutions shape emerging imaginaries along three related axes: the distribution of authority, technological novelty, and risk. Interviewees negotiate these three contingencies differently based on relevant extant regulatory structures and ideologies, resulting in distinct imaginaries around each technology. CRISPR actors envision genome editing as largely diminishing biomedical harm and eventually suitable for health markets, while CAV actors diverge on whether self-driving cars alleviate or exacerbate risk and how they may enter roads. That organizational structures and practices of regulation inform broadly held sociotechnical imaginaries bears significance for studies of innovation trajectories, suggesting regulators can take an active role in shaping how risks and benefits of emerging technology are defined.     

自然人基因的法律属性

生命科技的飞速发展挑战着法律,基因的法律问题显现在人们面前,明确基因的法律地位是研究基因相关法律问题的基本前提。在法律地位上,自然人的基因是自然人的一种物质表现形式所体现的人格利益,同生命权、健康权、身体权的客体——生命、健康和身体一样,应当作为人格权的客体之一,受人格权保护,称之为"基因人格权"。当基因一旦与人体分离后,是一种真实的物质存在,具有了财产权的特性,将与身体分离的基因界定为财产权的客体,此时对基因的人格利益转化为财产利益,以财产利益进行保护。自然人的基因兼具人格权与财产权的双重属性。     

H5N1亚型禽流感病毒神经氨酸酶基因的表达及纯化

用RT-PCR方法从H5N1亚型禽流感病毒(AIV)A/Duck/Zhejiang/12/00中获得NA基因,将目的基因定向克隆到原核表达载体pET-32a中,将序列测定和双酶切验证准确的阳性重组质粒转化大肠杆菌BL21,用IPTG诱导,经SDS-PAGE和Western-blot分析,结果显示,重组蛋白得到了可溶性表达,表达的蛋白质分子质量为33 ku;该蛋白可以与禽流感H5N1亚型阳性血清反应,具有良好的免疫原性;ELISA检测结果表明,用此纯化蛋白作为包被抗原检测H5N1亚型AIV神经氨酸酶抗体具有良好的灵敏性。     

青海牦牛病毒性腹泻病毒的分离与鉴定

采集青海省泽库县某牧户疑似牦牛病毒性腹泻病牛的样品,将RT-PCR检测为阳性的样品处理后接种MDBK细胞,并盲传至第10代,检测每一代细胞中牛病毒性腹泻病毒的E0基因。通过分离株接种细胞后产生的病变效应观察、免疫荧光试验、电镜观察、RT-PCR扩增以及序列分析鉴定了该病毒。结果表明,盲传的每代细胞中均可检测到E0基因;接毒后的细胞在盲传至第7代时出现明显的细胞病变;免疫荧光试验中能观察到细胞内发出的特异性荧光;经浓缩、纯化的病毒在电镜下呈直径为40～60nm的病毒粒子,将其命名为QHZK株。对克隆的E0基因测序后提交至GenBank(登录号:JF927789),并将获得的序列与其他国内外分离株的E0序列比对,同源性为73.6%～98.2%;系统进化分析表明该分离株属于牛病毒性腹泻病毒1b亚型。