自然人基因的法律属性

生命科技的飞速发展挑战着法律,基因的法律问题显现在人们面前,明确基因的法律地位是研究基因相关法律问题的基本前提。在法律地位上,自然人的基因是自然人的一种物质表现形式所体现的人格利益,同生命权、健康权、身体权的客体——生命、健康和身体一样,应当作为人格权的客体之一,受人格权保护,称之为"基因人格权"。当基因一旦与人体分离后,是一种真实的物质存在,具有了财产权的特性,将与身体分离的基因界定为财产权的客体,此时对基因的人格利益转化为财产利益,以财产利益进行保护。自然人的基因兼具人格权与财产权的双重属性。     

Does court-supervised reorganization work? Evidence from post-confirmation firm failure

Unlike the US Chapter 11, the Belgian reorganization legislation requires that distressed firms remain temporarily under court-supervision during the post-confirmation stage. Using a hand-collected sample of firms, we analyze the likelihood of business failure and the time to failure during this period. Less viable firms are more likely to fail and do faster so, indicating relatively effective reorganization proceedings. Firms that are indebted to highly secured banks or owe high sums of unpaid taxes are more likely to fail. Judicial discretion affects the likelihood of failure only in a subsample of sole proprietorships.     

混合样本拆分查询犯罪嫌疑人的应用研究

目的对一起杀人案中的混合样本进行拆分，期望获得嫌疑人的单-分型，以便于DNA数据库检索查询。方法采用专家人工拆分和图挖掘拆分对混合样本进行拆分，结果入“DNA快速协查比对平台”检索。结果2种方法先后比中数据库中同一前科人员。结论对2人份混合样本进行拆分，在DNA数据库中直接查找犯罪嫌疑人，是一种新的办案思路。     

密码子优化对鸭坦布苏病毒E基因DNA疫苗免疫应答的增强作用

为提高DNA疫苗用于预防鸭坦布苏病毒病的免疫原性,将鸭坦布苏病毒的E基因密码子改造为鸭偏嗜的密码子,并将其作为免疫原基因克隆到pCAGGS载体中,构建真核表达质粒pCAGGS-OptiE。将pCAGGS-OptiE和先前构建的编码野生型E基因的表达质粒pCAGGS-E分别转染293T细胞,用间接免疫荧光和Western-blot检测E蛋白的表达情况。结果显示,密码子优化的重组质粒的蛋白表达量明显高于野生型质粒。将重组质粒pCAGGS-OptiE和pCAGGS-E用脂质体包裹后分别尾静脉注射免疫BALB/c小鼠,采用间接ELISA检测抗体的产生情况。结果显示,质粒pCAGGS-OptiE诱导的抗体水平明显高于pCAGGS-E,表明密码子优化的E基因能够提高蛋白的表达水平,进而增强机体免疫应答反应。     

The genetics of eye colours in an Italian population measured with an objective method for eye colour quantification

Brown and blue eye colours are primarily explained by the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) HERC2 rs12913832. However, the genetics of eye colours that appear to be neither blue nor brown are not well understood. In this study, 230 unrelated Italian individuals were typed for 32 SNP loci in pigmentary genes. High resolution digital images of the participants’ eyes were taken and the iris region was successfully extracted with the use of the custom designed software Digital Iris Analysis Tool (DIAT) from 218 of the 230 (95%) images. The software counted the numbers of blue and brown pixels in the iris region and calculated a Pixel Index of the Eye (PIE-score) that described the eye colours quantitatively. The PIE-score ranged from −1 to 1 (brown to blue). We investigated the association of the PIE-scores extracted from the eye images with the genotypes of the 32 pigmentary SNPs. We observed a statistically significant association between the PIE-scores and the SNP loci rs12913832, rs4778241, rs7495174 in the HERC2/OCA2 region and the locus rs16891982 in SLC45A2.     

Use of styryl 11 and STaR 11 for the luminescence enhancement of cyanoacrylate-developed fingermarks in the visible and near-infrared regions

In current casework, most post-cyanoacrylate stains rely on luminescence emission in the visible region (400-700 nm). While traditional stains such as rhodamine 6G work well under most circumstances, some surfaces may generate background luminescence under the same conditions. Detection in the near-infrared region (NIR > 700 nm) has shown to be effective in minimizing the interferences from such surfaces. The laser dye styryl 11 generated strongly luminescent fingermarks when applied after cyanoacrylate fuming on all surfaces tested. When compared to rhodamine 6G, the dye was superior only when viewed in the NIR. Styryl 11 was subsequently combined with rhodamine 6G, and the mixed stain formulation (named StaR 11 by the authors) induced stronger luminescence compared with styryl 11 alone with an ability to visualize in both the visible and NIR regions. Reliable and consistent results were obtained when using either styryl 11 alone or the STaR 11 mixture. The enhancement achieved did not otherwise vary depending on the source of the fingermark secretions. With visualization possible in both the visible and NIR regions, the styryl 11/rhodamine 6G mixture showed significant potential as a post-cyanoacrylate stain.     

猪传染性胃肠炎病毒S蛋白基因的克隆与表达

根据GenBank中登录的猪传染性胃肠炎病毒(TGEV)TS株全基因的核苷酸序列,设计1对引物,采用RT-PCR技术扩增出一条含S蛋白A、D位点的S基因,大小约980bp。将其插入Simple-T克隆载体中,进行PCR、酶切鉴定及序列测定。将阳性基因插入表达载体pET-28a(+)中,转入Rossetta(DE3)感受态细胞,经诱导表达后,表达产物用SDS-PAGE和Western-blot进行分析。结果显示,表达产物的分子质量约为33.7ku,主要以包涵体的形式存在。Western-blot分析表明,表达的S蛋白能被兔源抗TGEV阳性血清所识别,说明表达产物具有反应原性。     

伯氏疏螺旋体外膜蛋白C的表达及抗原性分析

以伯氏疏螺旋体SZ(B.garinii)、BO23(B.afzelii)、B31(B.burgdorferi sensu stricto)菌株的外膜蛋白OspC基因为靶基因,将PCR扩增出的目的片段克隆到表达载体pGEX-4T-1中构建重组质粒进行表达,表达的蛋白用MagneGSTTMProtein Purification System纯化,之后用此3株菌株免疫羊制备的阳性血清做Western-blot,检测该重组蛋白。证明这3个基因型菌株的重组OspC具有抗原性及交叉反应性。本研究表达的重组蛋白OspC(SZ菌株)为建立羊体内伯氏疏螺旋体抗体的ELISA检测方法奠定了基础。     

牛瑟氏泰勒虫二温式PCR检测方法的建立及应用

为建立一种能快速、特异、敏感地检测牛瑟氏泰勒虫的方法,根据GenBank中的牛瑟氏泰勒虫MPSP基因(GQ180198.1)设计合成了1对特异性引物,建立了检测牛瑟氏泰勒虫的二温式PCR方法。该方法与犬新孢子虫、猪支原体和弓形虫RH株均无交叉反应,能检测到的最低DNA含量为1.7pg/μL。结果表明,该二温式PCR检测方法具有较高的特异性和敏感性。本研究为牛瑟氏泰勒虫的快速检测提供了一种方法。     

猪圆环病毒2型ORF2与EGFP融合蛋白表达载体的构建及在鸭心肌细胞中的表达

为研究猪圆环病毒2型(PCV2)ORF2基因在异源细胞上的表达及生物学特性,构建了PCV2ORF2与增强型绿色荧光蛋白(EGFP)的融合基因真核表达载体pEGFP-N1-ORF2。采用脂质体法转染体外培养的鸭心肌细胞后,通过直接荧光观察EGFP-ORF2融合蛋白在鸭心肌细胞中的分布定位,经RT-PCR、间接免疫荧光方法检测ORF2基因在鸭心肌细胞中的表达。结果显示,转染48 h后有绿色荧光出现,RT-PCR和间接免疫荧光法检测均为阳性。证实,PCV2 ORF2基因在鸭心肌细胞内获得了成功表达。