“放管服”改革的行政法意义及其完善

与先前行政审批制度改革相比,党的十八大以来大力推进的"放管服"改革更加强调权力调整的动态性、整体性、系统性,其对于优化政府职责、转变监管方式、深入推进国家治理体系和能力现代化具有明显的积极意义。但此轮"放管服"改革依然沿袭了行政审批制度改革的运动化、政策化思路,并不完全符合法治政府建设的基本要求。从职权法定、监管工具的动态调整、优化公共服务的基本法则三个方面,"放管服"改革的行政法意义和合法性风险可以得到更加清晰的呈现。要提升"放管服"改革的法治品性,需要以《行政许可法》的有效实施为核心,通过设立专门的社会化的"放管服"改革委员会、激活行政许可评价制度、引入更广泛的专家和社会参与、完善试验改革的授权制度、优化规制工具分析评价制度几个方面来实现。     

Is populism the third dimension? The quest for political alliances in post-crisis Spain

In this article, we defend the ideational approach to populism by arguing that populist discourses have consequences for government formation and the coalition choices of political parties. Using two attempts of government formation in Spain during 2016 as an example, we show that incorporating a populist dimension of competition alongside the two traditional relevant cleavages in Spain (left-right and center-periphery) can successfully explain agreements where approaches restricted to the two traditional dimensions fail. Essentially, populism forms a third, ideational dimension with its own content, one that can be considered alongside thick ideological dimensions in formal spatial analysis, shaping alliances among political parties.     

政府绩效管理研究的知识图谱与热点主题

20世纪70年代以来,政府绩效管理日益成为公共管理学科的研究热点.以SSCI收录期刊的620篇政府绩效管理文献为分析样本,采用文献计量分析方法,得出国际上政府绩效管理研究的一般状况,包括文献量增长、核心作者、主要研究机构等.通过知识图谱分析,得出国际上政府绩效管理研究形成了四个核心知识区域或研究范畴,即完善电子政府提高政府绩效、政府绩效的测量、公共组织绩效以及社会文化和政府绩效.国际政府绩效管理研究具体有10个热点主题:绩效测量、政府公共服务质量、绩效管理的价值取向、绩效预算、绩效评估体系与机制、公共组织的绩效评估、政府绩效管理的多元参与、电子政府与绩效改进、政府人力资源管理与绩效改进、绩效管理的立法研究.国际政府绩效管理研究呈现出跨学科研究视角、核心知识范畴基本形成、高校是核心研究力量等特点.     

泰国民主政治的怪圈

泰国实行宪政以来经历了多次军人政权和民选政权的交替,形成了政治循环的怪圈,而且每个周期的更替多伴随着暴力冲突和政治动乱.近两年来,泰国政治进入了新一轮循环周期,政治动荡更是此起彼伏.本文重点回顾了2008年的政治危机,分析了危机的根源,并对泰国政治制度发展前景作出预测.     

Political Trust,Ideology, and Public Support in the United States for Government Spending on Health Care

The U.S. health-care costs have increased at a rapid rate over the last several decades. How much responsibility the government should bear with the increase in health-care costs is one of the main questions that lack consensus among the American people. Utilizing the 2016 General Social Survey data, this study shows that over two-thirds of Americans want to see more or much more spending on health care by the government. An ordered logit regression model shows that political trust and ideology are significant correlates in predicting attitudes toward government spending on health care. The policy implications of the findings are discussed in the “Conclusion” section.     

Is a Federal European Constitution for an Enlarged European Union Necessary? Some Preliminary Suggestions using Public Choice Analysis

In order to guarantee a further successful functioning of the enlarged European Union a Federal European Constitution is proposed. Six basic elements of a future European federal constitution are developed: the European commission should be turned into a European government and the European legislation should consist of a two chamber system with full responsibility over all federal items. Three further key elements are the subsidiarity principle, federalism and the secession right, which are best suited to limiting the domain of the central European authority to which certain tasks are given, such as defense, foreign and environmental policy. Another important feature is direct democracy, which provides the possibility for European voters to participate actively in political decision making, to break political and interest group cartels, and to prevent an unwanted shifting of responsibilities from EU member states to the European federal level.     

绩效问责与乡镇政府回应行为——基于Y乡案例的分析

以Y乡为案例,从问责的主客体关系、问责机制的定位与内容、问责机制的流程与方式等方面对绩效问责机制的分析表明,目标责任制这种绩效问责机制并不具备较高的问责质量;正式的问责机制会导致乡镇政府从事于非正式行为,而问责客体特征则可能是解释其正式行为的主要因素。     

上海市"十二五"期间完善政府绩效评估体系的对策思考

完善政府绩效评估体系是实现两高一少目标的重要途径,是上海市十二五期间政府自身建设的重要内容。以科学发展观为指导,通过在评估对象的分类、评估内容的设计、评估指标的设置、评估方法的选择、评估过程的强化、评估结果的运用等方面进行全方位的大胆创新,形成目标、责任、督查、考核、结果运用五位一体、有机结合的政府绩效评估体系。     

前瞻型政府:公共危机治理的政府模式选择

有效治理公共危机要求实现政府模式转型,建立前瞻型政府。前瞻型政府是坚持以民为本的民本政府,是坚持责任取向的责任政府,是崇尚为民服务的服务政府,是不断自我完善的创新政府。有效治理公共危机,构建前瞻型政府,必须培养政府及其官员的预见意识和前瞻能力,必须转变政府职能,整合政府机构,必须完善政府部门间的联动机制,必须健全公共危机的预警机制。     

新加坡政府网络信息传播平台建设的策略与启示

新加坡政府在信息化方面的战略规划由来已久,目前正在实施的智慧国2015计划更是政府重视信息化平台建设的体现。新加坡政府网络信息平台建设的成就得益于以公众需求为中心的理念,全面、开放、双向的公共服务平台,多个部门、一个政府的资源整合策略和优化政府信息化传播生态的管理机制。新加坡的经验给我们许多启示:提高政府信息传播平台的开放性和服务意识;建立双向沟通机制,提供公众参与的渠道;整合政府和社会资源,提高部门协调能力;建立强有力的组织领导和管理体系。