GAMarker基因分型专家系统的设计与实现

目的DNA基因分型软件是DNA检测技术体系不可缺少的一环,为拓展GA118系列遗传分析仪器的应用,须研制一套DNA基因分型专家系统,以满足法庭科学DNA检验鉴定工作的需要。方法基于已掌握的DNA片段定长和基因分型数据处理解决方法及相关核心算法,使用JAVA语言和MYSQL数据库,利用Maven进行项目管理,经对GA118系列、ABI系列数据文件解析和数据分析,研发了专家系统GAMarker。结果该系统实现了样本和数据呈现、样本分析要素质量评估、分析方法管理、分型结果展示和人工核查、电泳数据审查、生成分析报告、系统安全等功能,并可分析8色荧光数据。结论GAMarker可进行软件设定、数据分析与比对、图谱查看与编辑,是一套完整的DNA片段分析流程和直观的数据审核工具,可代替国外产品、有效支撑国产遗传分析仪相关系列型号的数据分析,能满足侦破案件、DNA数据库建设的需要。     

Persistence of cellular material after exposure to water

Disposing of items of forensic relevance in bodies of water is one countermeasure offenders can use to avoid detection. The impact of immersion in water has been explored for blood, saliva, and semen; however, few studies have assessed touch DNA. Here we report on the effect of exposure to water on the persistence of touch DNA over prolonged periods of time. To evaluate the persistence of cells from touch DNA, after water exposure, three substrates and two water types were tested: plastic, metal, and ceramic, submerged into seawater or tap water. Diamond™ Nucleic Acid Dye was used to stain cells deposited by touch. Cell counts before and after water exposure were compared to investigate cell loss over time, ranging from 6 hours to 5 days. A logarithmic increase in the percent of cells lost was observed over time when the data for substrate and water type conditions were combined. Substrate type influenced the persistence of cells, with the metal substrate retaining cells longer than plastic or ceramic. The influence of water type appeared dependent on the substrate, with varied cell persistence on metal whereas plastic and ceramic recorded similar cell loss over time between water types. The ability to visualize cells after exposure to water could assist in triaging evidence within operational forensic laboratories and allow for targeted sampling. This proof-of-concept study demonstrated that greater than 50% of cells can persist on various items submerged in aqueous environments for at least 5 days, highlighting the possibility for downstream DNA testing.     

Endobronchial/Tracheal Metastasis and Sudden Death

Endobronchial and endotracheal metastases are rare lesions that may cause acute occlusion of major airways. A case is reported of a 62‐year‐old man with history of renal cell carcinoma and hemoptysis who died after having suddenly become short of breath with cyanosis. At autopsy, recurrent renal cell carcinoma was identified with metastases to the lungs, pulmonary hilar lymph nodes, and brain. In addition, a solitary papillomatous metastasis arising from the mucosa of the carina was obstructing both the main bronchi and distal trachea. Death was due to acute airway obstruction by a metastatic deposit at the bifurcation of the trachea in a case of disseminated renal cell carcinoma. This case demonstrates an extremely rare cause of sudden death that may complicate disseminated malignancy.     

Umbilical cord blood banking and its interruptions: notes from Chennai,India

Abstract

What is the relationship between globalization and the body? In both scholarly discourse and everyday practice, the relationship between globalization and the body has been understood through the idea of accumulation – the intensified and interlinked pursuit of health and wealth. Through an examination of private umbilical cord blood banking in south India, this paper investigates the interplay of accumulation and its interruption in Indians' uptake of this practice. Although Chennai-based bankers, doctors and parents explain the recent surge in popularity for cord blood banking in the city in terms of interlinked financial and familial accumulation, investment and security, Indians' cultural and religious conceptions of the latent power of the placenta and cord often work against cord blood banking marketers' neat account of twinned economic and familial accumulation. Analytic attention to interruption highlights the tensions within and precariousness of the accumulation at the heart of the relationship between globalization and the body.     

刑法的谦抑性——以刑法修正案（八）为视角

在我国的刑法条文中,有相当一部分内容体现了刑法的谦抑性,与此同时,我们也不可忽略一些与刑法的谦抑性不符的规定,尤其是刑法修正案（八）出台后,出现了颇多争议。刑法的谦抑性,作为刑法的价值追求之一,对于建设社会主义法治国家具有重要意义。     

水客走私犯罪概述及打击策略研究

水客走私问题由来已久,但由于法律制度建设等问题,水客走私犯罪打击一直没有得到有效的控制,随着全球化进程步伐的加快,水客走私问题已成了值得关注的问题。自2011年5月1日起施行的刑法修正案（八）对水客走私犯罪作了新的规定,为水客走私犯罪提供了法律依据。应从水客走私的历史、概念、特点等方面,解读水客走私,以研究反水客走私的策略。     

儒家文化对东亚经济发展的双重影响

东亚地区在文化传统上与儒学有着深厚的渊源关系。儒家传统作为一种文化积淀 ,已深深地影响、制约着它所辐射的国家和地区。儒家文化虽然有它的博大精深之处 ,有些道德理想和价值观念在现代化的冲击下进入和成为符合现代市场经济的观念体系 ,并在东亚经济发展的初期发挥了积极的作用 ,但就其文化模式和观念体系而言 ,它毕竟是封建社会的产物 ,其负面影响不可避免。东亚各国的经济发展既有儒家文化的内在动因 ,当然还有西方现代理性文化的影响和催发。     

热胁迫下奶牛肝脾HSP70的表达特征及脾淋巴细胞凋亡

为了探讨热胁迫对奶牛组织形态和机能的影响,对热胁迫奶公犊肝、脾进行了显微结构观察,分析了HSP70在肝、脾的表达特征,并进行了脾淋巴细胞凋亡的观察。结果表明:在25℃常温状态下,奶牛肝、脾结构基本一致;脾组织内淋巴小结界限较大,红髓、白髓结构完整性较好,边缘被膜平整,淋巴小结内的淋巴细胞排列较致密。在不同热胁迫下,各组奶牛肝、脾均有不同程度的损伤,而且肝、脾细胞的超微结构变化随热胁迫后不同时间点而有所不同。热应激奶牛组织中HSP70含量随胁迫时间的延长呈现波动变化,与同期各组织细胞所呈现的病理损伤变化存在一定的相关,提示HSP70含量可作为判定组织应激损伤的标志之一。热胁迫对奶牛器官组织的影响是逐渐加重的过程,呈现部分淋巴细胞从凋亡到坏死的病理学变化过程。不同高温热胁迫均可造成肝、脾结构及其细胞的损伤,温度越高损伤越重。     

绵羊胎盘滋养层细胞的体外培养与鉴定

为建立一种稳定、方便地获得较高纯度的绵羊绒毛膜滋养层细胞的方法,为后续的细胞转染和RNA干扰试验提供细胞学基础,采用组织块法培养滋养层细胞,消化差速法纯化细胞,相差显微镜观察滋养层细胞的形态学特点,应用常规HE染色和免疫组织化学染色、透射电镜及PCR技术鉴定细胞来源。结果显示,倒置相差显微镜下,可见细胞为上皮样细胞形态,呈片状铺展生长。免疫组织化学染色显示,细胞角蛋白染色阳性细胞占90%以上,波形蛋白染色呈阴性;透射电镜可观察到滋养层细胞所特有的结构;台盼蓝排斥试验检测细胞活力,存活率超过95%,细胞活力良好。常规RT-PCR技术可扩增出滋养层细胞所分泌的特有的干扰素蛋白-1基因片段。证实该方法可以有效获得较高纯度的、具有生物学活性的绵羊绒毛膜滋养层细胞,为本实验室后续的体外研究提供试验基础。     

磁珠直接吸附法对体态检材游离DNA的提取

目的采用磁珠直接吸附法对人体尿液、唾液、血液3种体态生物检材中的游离DNA进行提取检验,为法医物证中游离DNA的研究及检验工作提供参考。方法对3种生物检材采取离心吸取上清液的方法分离游离DNA,然后采用磁珠直接吸附法进行提取纯化,Identifiler-Plus试剂盒进行复合扩增后常规STR检测。结果在3种检材中均检出了游离DNA,其中血液中游离DNA检出率为100%,唾液为90%,尿液为70%。结论人体体态生物检材中存在游离DNA,同时磁珠直接吸附法可高效、快捷的提取生物检材中的游离DNA。