无话可说与有话可说之间——评张伟仁先生的《中国传统的司法和法学》

有人认为中国传统司法是“卡迪司法”,台湾的张伟仁教授认为韦伯关于“卡迪司法”的命题并无确据,中国传统司法不属于“卡迪司法”的类型。本文认为“卡迪司法”的命题成立,中国传统司法基本上属于“卡迪司法”。如何评价中国传统的司法制度与观念,涉及如何把握法律的中西古今之维问题,也涉及当代中国法治的基本方向问题。当代中国法治应划分为三个维度,民生、民权和民心,它们分别与经济系统、政治领域和中国文化相对应,前两者是古今问题,重在现代的制度建构;后者主要是中西问题,重在复兴具有普遍价值的中国传统文化。现代的市场经济、民主宪政以及中国传统文化的三驾马车齐头并进将是中国法治现代化乃至整个现代化的必由之路。     

行政垄断与WTO国民待遇原则的冲突法律探析

WTO国民待遇原则要求国内、外企业在国内市场地位平等、公平竞争 ,我国普遍存在的行政垄断破坏了平等竞争的市场秩序 ,与国民待遇原则发生冲突。规制行政垄断必须遵循国民待遇原则 ,有计划、有步骤地进行。     

论公安机关司法鉴定机构设立模式的完善

随着司法改革的逐渐深入，与证据制度、诉讼制度、司法制度有密切联系的司法鉴定制度必然要随之做出相应的调整。公安机关司法鉴定机构经过50余年的发展历程，现已成为我国司法鉴定机构中的主体力量。为适应侦查工作的需要，公安机关司法鉴定机构在一定时期内仍有存在的必要。为了克服“自侦自鉴”所带来的弊端，可以严格分立、分设侦查职能部门和从事鉴定活动的部门。另外，为适应诉讼活动及司法改革的实践需要，可以允许公安机关的司法鉴定机构依法面向社会从事有偿服务。     

对价值观基础的阐释

论文突破了对价值观基础的传统释义,阐释了价值观的深层基础、现实基础以及价值观基础中的历史因素和文化因素.社会生产方式是价值观的最深层基础.生产力和生产关系决定了价值观的性质,它们的变化是价值观发生变化的根本动因.价值观是文明社会的产物,由物质文明、精神文明和制度文明组成的社会文明是价值观的现实基础.一定的生产方式和社会文明之中,包含着历史和文化的因素,它们赋予价值观以历史和文化特征,因而是价值观基础中的重要内容.     

外国人居留证管理的现状及可行性改革思路

现行的外国人居留证件管理体系已难以适应形势的发展和需要,改革势在必行。取消现行大一统居留证模式,改版沿用了近50年的外国人居留证和使用了近20年的临时居留证,以磁卡式与贴纸式替代。是今后居留证体系可行性的改革思路。     

21世纪中小企业营销模式的战略选择

21世纪全球经济一体化、生产经营数字化和商业竞争国际化的发展彻底改变了中小企业的生长环境。中小企业的市场营销如何应对市场变化和国际企业的挑战成为其必须重视和解决的关键问题之一。作者认为,迅速应变新世纪的市场营销环境,改变传统的运作模式,不断开发新产品,进行品牌创新和服务创新,以逆向模式、创新模式、特色模式、撤退模式等来开拓市场,参与国际竞争是中小企业营销模式的战略选择。     

Voluntary and involuntary resettlement in China: a false dichotomy?

The success of involuntary resettlement is contingent on recasting the involuntary as voluntary. To explore this proposition, this article presents two projects in China – one “voluntary” (Poverty Alleviation Resettlement or PAR) and relatively “successful” and one “involuntary” (Three Gorges Project Resettlement or TGPR) and less so. The research finds the voluntary–involuntary dichotomy a false one. It is not volition that leads to better outcomes, but people-centred practices that are embedded in policy, planning, and implementation of PAR. Perhaps the most important lesson drawn is that all resettlements should be based on a commitment to settlement and not just resettlement.     

Beyond the Thomas–Kilmann Model: Into Extreme Conflict

This article discusses an extension to the Thomas–Kilmann conflict mode instrument (Thomas and Kilmann 1977) designed specifically for conflict situations in which strong negative emotional relationships are at play. The Thomas–Kilmann (TK) model is widely used to help participants (disputants and mediators) identify how two basic conflict characteristics interact to influence how stakeholders shape their actions with regard to their interests. Essentially the TK Model is built on the premise that the two salient conflict variables are the relative importance of the relationships at hand and the substantive issues being discussed. These variables are illustrated with a simple matrix that shows how each party will interact with the other based on the relative importance it places on these variables. Graphically illustrating where the behaviors fall on the matrix can explicate parties' behaviors to add a new perspective that may change the dynamic of the conflict. But the TK Model does not address scenarios in which individuals have very negative or destructive relationships, and sabotage, blocking, and exclusion are behavioral norms. Hence, we developed the Baumoel–Trippe (BT) Extension to the TK Model to address the highly negative and often identity‐based conflicts that are often found in the world of family business. Accordingly, the BT Extension to the TK Model explores conflicts in which the relationships are not merely unimportant or uncooperative, but where they become negative to downright vengeful. There is so much at stake for family business stakeholders that the family relationships may become so adversarial that the very business and family harmony all parties value are at risk. With our extension of the TK Model, we seek to provide insight into how decisions might be made when stakeholders are in highly negative, conflictual relationships.     

Overcoming poverty and inequality: Rwanda's progress towards the MDGs

Despite the 1994 genocide there has been annual growth in Rwanda every year since 2000. Poverty has decreased; while the MDG target of 23.8% is unlikely to be met by 2015, the future looks hopeful. The goal of reducing hunger is measured by underweight children – already down to target – and extreme poverty – likely to hit the target. Key to success is reducing dependency on the land, but a majority of the population still depend on their farm or plot. However, hitting targets for reducing poverty is not the same thing as abolishing it, and achieving targets does not necessarily solve problems.     

德国行政形式选择自由理论与实践

行政形式选择自由是德国法中一个古老的问题。相关学说随着时代变迁而不断发展,先后经历了"国库行政"和"行政私法"阶段,现今又受到"新行政法学"的影响。各派学说交锋的核心始终集中于行政形式选择自由存在的前提以及应受到何种限制两大问题。目前,行政形式选择自由已被德国学界普遍认同,且将合宪性作为其存在的基本前提之一。而在法律实践中,立法者和行政者均享有行政形式选择自由,当行政者选择以私法形式完成行政任务时,除适用私法外,还需受到公法之补充适用。行政形式选择自由学说对正处于转型期的我国行政法亦具有重要的启发意义。