管制刀具治安管理法律文件中存在的问题及建议

管制刀具是公安机关治安管理部门进行严格管制的危险物品种类之一。当前管制刀具治安管理法律文件中存在着法规不完善、管理要求与处罚条文不配套及认定标准不足等问题。为此,应针对当前管制刀具治安管理中的新问题,及时制定新的《管制刀具管理条例》,完善和修订其他相关法规,以有效促进当前管制刀具治安管理工作。     

2010年上海世博会安全保卫探讨

2010年上海世博会是一种全新理念的现代展览会,是一个超大型的集展示、游览、交流于一体的综合性国际博览会。展期将历时半年,参观总人数预计超过7000万人次,展区的面积达5.28平方公里,人群密集,包含多种公共场所的治安特点,具有多元化和复杂性。世博会作为一项影响较大的全球性活动,极易成为恐怖分子的袭击目标。2010年世博会期间,上海将汇聚大量各国政要、知名人士、国内外游客和珍贵展品,这些人、事、物极易成为形形色色犯罪活动的侵害对象。在我国社会转型期间出现的大量社会矛盾,作为社会不安定因素,也将在特定时间、场所等适宜条件下激化。在此,我们针对上海世博会的潜在安全风险和不安定因素进行分析,并对2010年上海世博会的安全保卫工作提出构想。     

对新时期公安应急管理机制的思考

当今世界各国越来越重视应急管理工作。在我国全面建设小康社会,加快推进社会主义现代化建设的历史进程中,公安应急管理机制还具有特殊重要意义。1.加快对公安应急管理机制的理念更新;2.建立健全我国公安应急机制应注意整合的公安管理资源。     

公共安全视野下环境风险规制的改进

环境风险严重影响公共安全,进而破坏社会和国家的稳定与安全。理论上,基于公共安全考量的环境风险规制有明确的政策依据和可执行的法律环境;实务上,基于公共安全考量的环境风险规制由公安机关依法参与政策制定并保障其实施。当前,"重"事故应急而"轻"风险预防、"重"公安职能而"轻"开放合作、"重"实体规制而"轻"程序制约的现状,是公安机关防范和化解环境风险面临的难题。改进之策在于明确公安机关参与环境风险规制的范围和职责;完善公共安全视野下环境风险规制的制度供给;建立公安机关参与环境风险规制的专家咨询制度;加强公安机关应对环境风险能力的应急预案建设。     

Democracy and Security in the EU’s Eastern Neighborhood? Assessing the ENP in Georgia,Moldova, and Ukraine

This article explores the European Union’s (EU) democratic and security objectives in the European Neighborhood Policy (ENP) toward three post-Soviet states: Georgia, Moldova, and Ukraine. By discussing the ENP’s objectives, this study concludes the following: first, despite long-term ENP democracy promotion, there have been very limited democratic developments in the partner states between 2005 and 2014; second, security challenges remain in partner states in the breakaway regions in Transnistria in Moldova, Abkhazia and South Ossetia in Georgia, and Crimea, Donetsk, and Luhansk in Ukraine. Therefore, EU’s Kantian view of security through democracy has failed, and its ambition to create a ring of Eastern friends has not led to improved relations in the Eastern neighborhood. On the contrary, the EU’s push eastward has instead intensified insecurity in its partner states due to limited democratization.     

美国“印太”战略对南海问题的影响——以“印太”战略支点国家为重点

随着印度洋战略价值的上升,美国在"重返亚太"战略基础上推出了"印太"战略,其战略实质是美国在印太地区缔造战略支点,并将其塑造成美国霸权下的多极格局。印度、澳大利亚、日本作为美国在印太地区的战略支点国家,它们自身在南海地区具有重要的战略利益。在美国"印太"战略的引导下,战略支点国家将对南海问题产生深刻的影响,尤其是将加剧中国周边安全环境的复杂化。在中美战略博弈的背景下,考察美国"印太"战略特别是其支点国家对南海问题的影响,有助于我们把握美国"印太"战略的实质,也有益于我们全面地分析南海地区的安全形势,提出应对策略。     

Fuel for thought? South Africa's position on the multilateralisation of the nuclear fuel cycle

The proponents of international nuclear fuel banks maintain that these banks will contribute to nuclear non-proliferation, whereas those opposing it maintain that nuclear weapon states support these banks in order to control and multilateralise the nuclear fuel cycle, thus preventing developing states from developing nuclear energy for peaceful purposes. Global inequalities pertaining to nuclear energy continue to persist despite developing states’ efforts to reform the international nuclear energy regime. Moreover, some developing states maintain that these nuclear fuel banks perpetuate inequality in international relations. This is one of the reasons why some leading developing states, such as Brazil and South Africa, oppose these banks. South Africa, for example, intends to re-establish its nuclear fuel cycle and has declared uranium a strategic resource. Against the aforesaid, this article, following a constructivist approach, analyses the emergence and social construction of nuclear fuel banks as a practical expression of nuclear non-proliferation norms. The discussion also considers the inter-subjective understanding of these banks, as well as South Africa’s opposition to them. The article concludes with an analysis of the implications of these opposing views for global equity, equality, nuclear non-proliferation and the peaceful uses of nuclear energy.     

Answering the “International Call”: Contextualising Sydney Anti-Nuclear and Anti-War Activism in the 1960s

Although recent work on protest in the 1960s has placed organised opposition to the war in Vietnam in a transnational context, there is as yet no history of the Australian anti-nuclear campaigns of the early years of the decade. By examining anti-nuclear activism in 1961 and 1962 in relation to anti-war protest in 1965 and 1966, this paper argues that Sydney activists understood themselves as part of a transnational protest movement well before they began to agitate against military involvement in Vietnam. Lessons learnt while mounting solidarity protests with the British Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament informed the repertoire of practice that Australian anti-war activists used to mount their protests against the conflict in Indochina.     

Hybrid security governance in Africa: rethinking the foundations of security,justice and legitimate public authority

This article asks whether the concept of ‘hybridity’ offers a more convincing account of security governance in Africa than the standard state-focused models. It seeks to clarify the complex intersections between formal and informal, state and non-state security actors, and the varied terrains on which hybridity is constructed, instrumentalised and recalibrated over time. Rather than romanticising informal or ‘traditional’ institutions, it suggests that they too embed their own power hierarchies, become sites of contestation, and do not work equally well for everyone, least of all for the weak, vulnerable and excluded. Thus the focus is placed upon the real governance of security in hybrid systems, and the patterns of inclusion and exclusion (including gender biases) they reinforce. Finally the paper considers how policy-makers and shapers can work with the grain of hybrid security arrangements to create more legitimate, broadly-based and effective African security governance.     

地方政府征地补偿机制理性分析

现行的征地补偿制度以地方政府垄断经营土地一级市场,征地按土地的原用途补偿为两大基本特征,从而构成了土地管理上的利益驱动,并与兼顾失地农民的合法权益形成了一种博弈关系。征地补偿存在为公共利益的需要征地与所有非农建设都要征地之间、土地补偿的低偿性与土地价值增值性之间、征地主体地位的强势性与农民利益保护脆弱性之间、征地建设谋发展与让被征地者分享发展成果之间等深层矛盾。完善征地补偿机制必须实行制度创新,从改革地方政府征地绩效评估机制入手,解决征地补偿、就业安置、社会保障等方面存在的突出问题。