从审管分离到审管协同的逻辑与优化路径——对审管互动关系的分析

中国的审管关系正在从分散审批走向集中审批,从审批监管一体化走向审批监管相对分离,从以前置审批为中心走向以事中事后监管为重心。在审管关系转型时期,观察Y市设置行政审批服务局的改革实践,发现审管分离并不会自然地向审管协同的良性互动转变。本文以审管互动关系为研究对象,基于组织理论,按照目的、干预、组织环境对审管分离之后推进审管互动进行演进分析和逻辑解释。在等级科层制的现代政府中,审管分离之后的利益与目的走向分化,出现部门理性和整体理性的背离,而权力(权威)协调和信息联通是实现政府组织一致化理性的工具,审管互动的具体组织形态及其运作方式与所在环境密切关联。为推进审管协同,需要在动力、机制、信息、文化等方面优化路径。     

意大利企业合规制度的全面解读及其启示

意大利是较早建立企业合规体系,法治经验相对成熟的国家。第231号法令跨越意大利《宪法》第27条的障碍,规定了判断企业责任的主客观标准,将企业责任建立在组织性罪过基础之上。企业免责的唯一途径是构建有效合规计划。如果企业能够证明在犯罪发生之前已采用并有效地实施了组织、管理和控制模式,则可以免除责任。该法令实施20年来,通过持续性革新,将反腐败合规计划由公共机构扩展至私营企业,规定合规计划中辩诉交易的适用条件,引入配额制的经济制裁手段,实现了自我完善。我国的企业合规改革刚刚起步,应当重视企业刑事合规的法治化,明确单位犯罪的归责基础,单位犯罪治理应当由事后惩治模式向事先预防的企业合规模式转变,立法上应当增设配额罚金制和褫夺资格处罚,以建立相对完善的、符合我国国情的企业合规制度。     

“新传统”的建构与当代中国意识形态的辩证

思想、道德、文化领域的多元、多样、多变,使中国意识形态面临“非传统”与“新传统”的悖论.一方面,改革开放使传统又一次遭遇空前涤荡;另一方面人们日益渴望以传统重建社会生活的基本同一性,30年改革开放也正在形成某种“新传统”.制度意识与意识形态主张之间的不平衡,伦理与道德之间的不平衡,市场经济观念与伦理道德、传统文化之间的...     

上海公安文职人员组织文化建设探析

越来越多的管理实践表明,在提升员工绩效、激励员工、留住优秀人才等方面,除了依靠充分的物质因素作为保障之外,塑造和谐、健康的组织文化也是至关重要的。由于用工性质的特殊性,公安文职人员容易产生归属感薄弱、边缘人心态等问题,因此,了解文职人员的思想状况,重视精神激励,加强组织文化建设是非常必要的。     

纠错机制缺失与苏共衰败探析

苏共的衰败最具本体论意义的是关于苏联模式,这一模式的产生和形成具有历史的合理性,也有长期运行后形成的严重弊端,关键是它纠错机制的缺失。苏共领导之所以没能构建和完善相应的纠错机制,一方面是当政的主要领导者自身没有认识其弊端并加以改革;另一方面是继任者对苏联模式的固守而屡失改革机遇,一错再错使得各种矛盾激化,最终爆发了经济、政治和社会危机而沉疴难起。     

From Regulation to Behaviour Change: Giving Nudge the Third Degree

Behaviour change strategies such as ‘nudge’ have become hugely popular with administrations on both sides of the Atlantic. The practice of nudging, however, raises conceptual and controversial issues which must be addressed in examining the conditions under which nudging can be used effectively and acceptably. A key to a clear conceptual understanding of nudge‐related issues is to distinguish between three degrees of nudge. These three degrees raise different, and identifiable, concerns and it is possible to assess the extent to which these can be responded to in positive terms. The compatibility of nudging with other control devices cannot be assumed and, when contemplating nudging, it is essential to be transparent about its philosophical basis, as well as to be aware that different modes of intervention may operate with clashes of logic that threaten not only effectiveness but also the serving of representative and ethical ends.     

《行政诉讼法》的大修与小改——关于《行政诉讼法》修改的思考

对《行政诉讼法》实施取得的成绩和存在的问题进行全面的总结和分析,可以发现,《行政诉讼法》既存在制度空白,也存在制度缺陷;既存在法内问题,也存在法外问题。主张修改时应当针对不同情况采取不同的修改策略。修改《行政诉讼法》时应当重点注意一些问题,特别是在立法目的上应当以规范行政诉讼行为为原始目的,其他皆属于派生性目的 ;在破解执行难问题上应当引入问责机制,通过问责突破执行难。     

Therapist characteristics in the treatment of sexual offenders: Tentative data on their relationship with indices of behaviour change

The present study examined the relationship between reliably identified therapist characteristics and treatment-induced changes in sexual offender treatment programmes in English prisons. The results indicated that 10 therapist features predicted beneficial changes in coping skills, perspective-taking, and relationship difficulties. A confrontational style, on the other hand, was negatively related to increased competence in coping. The results are discussed in terms of their research and clinical implications.     

“划一”与“创新”的制度困境及其消解以组织理论的视角审视现代西方社会制度的变革

制度创新有其必然性。西方技术理性的片面化发展,使社会政治制度也陷于标准化的技术理性控制之下,最终表现为制度创新与技术理性标准化的冲突,并导致组织冲突的形成与发展。而组织冲突的消解将最终依赖于制度创新,实现制度创新则应该以所有制关系变革为前提。     

Effects of university characteristics on scientists’ interactions with the private sector: an exploratory assessment

This paper estimates the effect of select university characteristics on the propensity of individual scientists to interact with private sector companies. The academic prestige of an institution has a direct negative effect on scientists’ interactions with the private sector, while the level of industrial R&D expenditures has a direct positive effect on such interactions. Institutional characteristics also moderate the effect of some individual-level variables such as tenure status, grant activity, involvement with students and disciplinary effects.