论北京市乡村医生执业的资质、行为与风险

根据我国目前的法律规定,进入乡村医生队伍的资质要求偏高,这在一定程度上严重影响了乡村医生后续力量的补充;乡村医生的执业行为囿于诸多乡土文化,很难做到法律要求和新生代权利人渴望的规范性,面临着被淘汰的危险。在目前的状况下,原本存在很大执业风险的乡村医生已经通过自身的不作为使得自身几乎不存在执业风险,但从长远角度观察,这将阻碍医学的进步和损害社会公众的福祉。     

比较刑事诉讼法的研究进路：从划分模式到探求共性

目前在世界范围内刑事诉讼法比较研究的主流进路是划分刑事诉讼程序模式。达马斯卡的审问/对抗模式和阶层/同位模式是这种进路的代表。唯模式论者往往关注刑事诉讼程序的差异而忽视它们的相似之处。本文参考英格拉姆对于不同法域刑事诉讼程序共性的探讨,提出比较刑事诉讼法还应采用探求共性的进路,寻求相互理解的比较。内容提要：目前在世界范围内刑事诉讼法比较研究的主流进路是划分刑事诉讼程序模式。达马斯卡的审问/对抗模式和阶层/同位模式是这种进路的代表。唯模式论者往往关注刑事诉讼程序的差异而忽视它们的相似之处。本文参考英格拉姆对于不同法域刑事诉讼程序共性的探讨,提出比较刑事诉讼法还应采用探求共性的进路,寻求相互理解的比较。     

Strengthening family planning stewardship with a total market approach: Mali,Uganda, and Kenya experiences

To improve overall market sustainability, governments and their donors are ramping up efforts to strengthen stewardship in developing country health markets. Key stewardship functions include generating intelligence that enable policymakers, ministerial leaders, and program managers to develop evidence‐based policies and strategies to improve the resource management, supply, and use of health products and services. The total market approach (TMA), an analytic and policy framework, generates market intelligence and improves evidence‐based decision‐making, and also strengthens other stewardship functions, such as building and sustaining partnerships, strengthening tools for implementation, aligning government policy with market interventions, and ensuring accountability/transparency. TMA evolved in response to the phase out of donor support for reproductive health (RH) and family planning (FP) programs and the need to improve coordination among public, private, nongovernmental organizations, and civil society to achieve greater equity, health impact, and market sustainability. To assess TMA's role in strengthening the stewardship of RH/FP markets, this article reviews three countries that applied TMA principles: Mali, Uganda, and Kenya. It identifies how TMA processes influenced stewardship functions and assesses to what degree these processes have contributed to concrete actions to improve market efficiency and sustainability.     

MOVING INTO THE NEW AID APPROACH,DILEMMAS FOR NGOs: THE BELGIAN CASE

Under the new aid approach, nongovernmental development organizations (NGOs) are expected to move from “delivery” (service delivery projects) to “leverage” (lobbying and advocacy). In line with this international tendency, the Belgian government has signed a pact with the NGO sector in which a move away from delivery and toward leverage is being proposed. Given that Belgian NGOs are heavily dependent on government funding and strongly oriented toward the “delivery” model, this pact implies that a number of NGOs will have to undergo organizational changes. This article shows that there is a major cleavage in the NGO landscape in Belgium. Some organizations clearly favor the leverage, whereas others prefer the delivery roles. Those that are more dependent on government funding tend to incline toward the leverage orientation. The attitudinal orientation toward the leverage model however does not imply that organizations are effectively willing and able to change. A number of identity and legitimacy concerns are perceived by NGOs to be important sources of organizational inertia. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

农地制度实践与农村公共品供给——基于三个地域个案的比较分析

当农地产权过于模糊时容易导致公地悲剧。当农地产权过于清晰时又容易导致反公地悲剧。明晰产权的私有化路径这一西方经验在解决公地悲剧的同时也陷入了反公地悲剧的困境。当前中国农地制度安排正在重复西方困境的老路,农村公共福利供给中由公地悲剧到反公地悲剧的困境正在中国农村不断上演。实现由公地悲剧与反公地悲剧向公地喜剧的跳跃的一个重要办法是加强和完善改革开放之初所建立的农村基本经济制度,使农地产权的两级构造的每一级都能继续发挥作用,使统分结合的统的组织保障能够实质性地运转,使农户对村社集体的责任在被取消后可以通过中央财政转移支付的手段再次生发出来并继续维系。唯如此,方能实现正常、高效且低成本的农村公共品的供给。     

公安院校“体改班”教学改革的实践与思考——以甘肃警察职业学院为例

公安院校招录培养体制改革工作是当前乃至今后一个时期我国公安院校教学改革与实践的重点与发展方向。文章结合甘肃省公安院校招录培养体制改革实践,从培养对象的特点入手,对教学中存在的问题进行了系统分析,并对欠发达省份体改班今后的教学改革与实践进行了有益的探索,以期达到抛砖引玉之效。     

科学的“人”学——马克思哲学的完整视域与本质特征

马克思"人"学之科学性在于其"现实性",这种"现实性"是在立基于"实践"的思考中、在对各种"关系"的反思中,亦即在对"现实的个人"及其"现实的发展"的关注中历史地生成的。只有始终保持与社会现实的亲和性,才能提高马克思哲学的解释力与有效性,使其真正成为实现个人与社会全面发展的思想武器。     

基于实践思维方式视阈下对推动社会主义文化大发展大繁荣的思考

推动社会主义文化大发展大繁荣,是一项工程巨大的合目的性与合规律性相统一的实践活动。基于实践思维方式来思考这一工程,必须把握好方式方法,即推进文化改革发展的基本方法———实事求是;必须落实于具体实践,即建设社会主义文化强国的现实基础———生产实践;必须借助于价值指导,即发展文化事业和文化产业的理性标准———核心价值;必须落脚于人的发展,即推动社会主义文化大发展大繁荣的实践诉求———以人为本。     

《气候变化框架公约》履行的环境法解释与方案选择

《气候变化框架公约》及其议定书是人类应对气候变化所制定的总体规划和实施细则,但是,由于其和其他环境法公约一样具有环境法的"软法"特质,一些《气候变化框架公约》的履行机制出现了许多值得探究的边白。以"震慑型"方案还是"激励型"方案为主,需要从《气候变化框架公约》的履行理论切入,深入剖析,对此两种方案进行理论、实证博弈分析,得出《气候变化框架公约》履行方案的应有选择,为今后其他国际环境条约的履行提供相关指导。     

对加快构建贵州生态补偿机制的理性思考

推动经济社会加快发展需要不断创新发展模式,促进市场化背景下的有限资源要素有效配置需要创新资源管理模式。补偿源于付出与失损。生态补偿机制是一种新型资源环境管理模式,是生态环境保护政策创新的重要内容。新形势下,对于经济社会发展相对滞后的贵州来说,加快构建生态补偿机制具有特别重要的意义和作用。