我国知识产权权利冲突的衡平思考

中国知识产权保护近年一路攀高 ,关键在于司法、执法的权利衡平 ;而在立法的空白地带 ,要求司法、执法真正做到公平、公允并不容易。这里有一个思想方法与认识论问题。有鉴于此 ,本文从WTO体制下的TRIPS协议、我国的现行法律与文化基础、中美知识产权谈判等诸多方面 ,探讨了我国知识产权保护中权利冲突的衡平问题。     

刍议抢劫罪内含的特定信息对称性

抢劫罪内含有行为人与受害人之间的特定信息对称性；行为人特定信息的传递方式有多种类型，传递对象也不仅限于财物所有权人，信息传递的开始应当认定为是抢劫罪实行行为的着手。     

犯罪预防的新思路与实践--英国《犯罪与扰乱秩序法》述评

英国目前所采取的犯罪预防措施是以1998年出台的<犯罪与扰乱秩序法>为中心.该法共有122条,主要内容17项,其中有13项直接与预防青少年犯罪相关.该法有以下几个特点立法以实证调查为背景;立法体现以预防犯罪为主;预防犯罪以未成年人为重点对象;淡化刑罚,扩大非监禁刑;立法体现刑事政策即社会政策.这些新的思路和司法实践都值得我们了解与借鉴.     

也谈中国—东盟自由贸易区中仲裁机制的完善

近一段时间以来,学界对中国—东盟自由贸易区《争端解决机制协议》中的仲裁机制已有一定讨论,其间不乏所谓"缺陷"的分析及"完善"建议。倘以自由贸易区的自身需求为依托,可以发现上述"缺陷"中有许多并非真正缺陷,如未将提请仲裁的主体扩展到私主体、临时仲裁庭的设计、仲裁裁决的执行力度等。而争端解决机制在仲裁员回避、仲裁裁决形成方式及仲裁裁决的复核等方面确实存在不足,应当予以完善。     

浅谈工会职工高校的办学改革

面向 2 1世纪 ,工会职工高校的办学改革要以邓小平同志“三个面向”作为指导思想 ,坚持“为经济建设服务、为工会建设服务、为职工学习服务”的办学宗旨 ,走开放式办学的道路 ;要突出工会办学特色 ,形成教育、培训、科研、服务紧密结合的综合体 ;要树立“精品意识” ,办好特色专业 ;要改革应试教育的考试方法 ,把重点放在培养学员能力和提高素质方面     

Swiss trade marks practice on misleading geographical indications

Legal context: Geographical references in trade marks are often used not onlyto refer to a certain territory of origin for certain goodsor services, but also to evoke desirable associations, imaginations,emotions, or ideas. The strict practice of the Swiss Trade MarksOffice often requires applicants to limit their list of goodsand services to certain countries. Key points: This abstract discusses the issues of geographically suggestivetrade marks in Switzerland, the strict test used by the SwissTrade Marks Office often requiring the applicant to limit thelist of goods to a specific country, the new stance the formerAppeals Board took in this regard, and how it was struck downby the Swiss Supreme Court, confirming the strict test of theTrade Marks Office. Finally, the article gives a solution onhow the issue of geographical references in trade marks shouldbe treated in order to match reality. Practical significance: It is important to know that the Swiss Trade Marks Office appliesa strict test when it comes to geographical references in trademarks. Usually, the applicant is required to limit the listof goods, although it is questionable whether the trade markreally suggests that the goods stem from a certain country.Foreign decisions are not binding for the Swiss Trade MarksOffice and in this regard usually disregarded.     

采矿权制度的产权分析

采矿权并非开采权,而学术界和法律却视为一体。取得采矿权时以行政许可证代替矿产归属的产权证,需要单独而严格审查的矿山设立与采矿权一同批复。那么,转让采矿权的同时连行政许可公权力以及矿山企业的负外部性一同转让了,就必须严格限制。严格限制下的地下采矿权转让,是资源浪费、监督失控、官矿结合的根源,但又不能立即放开。合作博弈的实现是界定产权,界定以矿产为对象的采矿权产权、矿山企业产权、交易产权。     

Democracy,social capital and school governing bodies in South Africa

Critics of school governing bodies (SGBs) – both on the left and on the right – tend to rely upon arguments that ignore significant portions of the act that created SGBs – the South African Schools Act (SASA) – the exact nature of the changes to SGBs wrought by amendments to the act and the manner in which the courts, in interpreting the act, have both reinforced the autonomy of SGBs at the same time as they have set limits on those powers. The authors’ reading takes seriously all of the provisions of SASA, its amendments and various court constructions of SASA's provisions. This close reading of the South African Constitution, SASA, SASA's amendments and the case law reveals the lineaments of a fourth level of democratic government. Even with their uneven success as a fourth tier of democratic government, SGBs reflect, in many respects, the most important interactions that citizens have with the state. The authors contend that SGBs provide a vehicle for popular political participation that is quite real, and that participation is made no less real by the strictures imposed upon them by South Africa's constitutional and regulatory order. Despite concerns about their lack of capacity, SGBs enjoy popular acceptance and participation across class and language divides. The legal status of SGBs does not merely enhance various forms of local democracy, SGBs also maintain and create effective social networks that generate new stores of social capital. The ability to provide new forms of democratic participation and to create new stores of social capital suggests that SGBs have the makings of a great, new and rather unique ‘South African’ political institution.     

正确认识与积极应对技术性贸易壁垒

技术性贸易壁垒是20世纪80年代以来的国际贸易领域中引人关注的重要现象。这一现象以两种形式八种表现存在于当今世界经济之中。技术性贸易壁垒是一柄双刃剑，既有其存在的合理性，对世界经济和国际贸易有着积极的作用，并在一定程度上有利于舞障各国的消费健康和国民生命安全，同时也会被贸易保护主义思潮利用，成为影响世界经济和国际贸易发展的严重阻碍。应对技术性贸易壁垒必须熟知世贸组织关于技术性贸易壁垒的规则，尽量参与国际标准的制定工作，建立必须的预警机制，充分利用双边与区域合作协调机制等。     

区域共同市场秩序：重复博弈中的交易信任

生产要素跨区域流动和交易需要和谐的区域共同市场秩序,区域共同市场秩序是在交易的重复博弈中逐渐形成的,而重复博弈则要有产权明晰、市场开放、市场规则、利益协调等制度条件来保证。