宏观经济相互依存与东亚货币合作可行性

东亚地区存在两个层面的宏观经济相互依存。第一个层面是东亚与美国经济的相互依存,第二个层面是东亚区域内部经济的相互依存。全球性金融危机充分体现了东亚和美国之间经济相互依存的不对称性,而这种不对称性是不能够长期持续的,全球性金融危机促使东亚加强区域、国际的经济协调,验证了相互依存理论的合理性。相互依存的东亚需要通过政策的协调解决宏观经济政策的外部性和溢出效应问题,因而东亚地区进行货币合作的可行性较高。     

Political transformation in Japan as a source of insight

Abstract

This article is based on the assumption that the Japanese political system is fully comparable with the systems of other major systems, and that its analysis may afford useful insights for the understanding of political systems more generally. Its focus is upon five successive transformations of the system since the late nineteenth century that, in sequence and taken together, have created the present system. These are: (1) the revolutionary changes of the Meiji period (1868–1912), leading to modernisation, militarism, and ultimate defeat in war; (2) occupation, democracy, economic resurgence and single-party dominance (1945–1990); (3) low growth, electoral reform and neo-liberalism (1991–2006); (4) Liberal Democratic Party decline and the opposition in power (2006–2012); and (5) authoritarian leadership with weak opposition (2012 onwards). The article concludes with a discussion of three issues: (1) ambiguous aspects of strong leadership; (2) the chronic weakness of Japanese political opposition and its implications for democracy; and (3) the significance of radical transformations for the understanding of a political system.     

柬埔寨经济特点与中柬合作的机遇

农业、制衣业、旅游业和外国直接投资等四大因素对柬埔寨经济影响明显。柬埔寨经济发展的挑战与机遇共存,中柬合作面临良好的机遇。     

Worker Influence on Capital Account Policy: Inflow Liberalization and Outflow Restrictions

How do workers impact openness to international investment flows? This article distinguishes between two types of openness: openness to inflows and openness to outflows of investment. Workers benefit from inflow openness due to increases in wages, productivity, and efficiency and due to reductions in borrowing costs, which are associated with investment inflows. Workers are hurt by outflow openness, as investors gain investment options, and therefore bargaining power, when outflows are permitted. Labor rights help workers overcome collective action problems, and democratic institutions increase policymakers’ responsiveness to labor organizations and make their commitment to labor rights credible. The theory thus predicts that, particularly under democratic institutions, labor rights are positively correlated with inflow openness and negatively correlated with outflow openness. Evidence from time-series, cross-sectional data is consistent with the theoretical expectations.     

试论加强我国宏观调控法制建设

我国国民经济的持续、稳定、协调增长 ,有赖于科学合理且完备的法律制度体系加以保障。考察我国的宏观调控法律制度 ,无论是理论上还是实践上都十分薄弱。因此 ,加强我国的宏观调控法制建设显得尤为迫切。本文从多角度分析了我国宏观调控法制建设的现状、成因 ,并进一步提出了对策。     

用市场经济观念来解决当前工会出现的新问题

企业改制后,逐步走向企业化、市场化和契约化,企业与职工往往会发生不同程度、不同形式的对立与冲突,这些对立与冲突亦会连带引发职工与工会间的矛盾。因此,工会必须养成市场经济意识,通过改革来找到有效解决问题的办法。     

我国平台经济监管的理论逻辑与政策实践

理解我国平台经济监管政策和分析未来发展趋势,需要把握其内在的理论逻辑。研究认为,与传统经济模式相比,平台经济的独特性使得原有监管制度面临巨大挑战,这是平台经济监管的经济逻辑。我国进入构建新发展格局、努力实现经济社会高质量发展和全面提升政府治理能力的新阶段,完善平台经济监管也有其制度逻辑。近年来我国在平台经济监管理念和政策措施创新方面都取得了积极进展,同时监管中也存在一些亟待解决的问题。面向未来看,我国平台经济监管呈现出全链条化、法治化和常态化、多元主体协同、多种技术手段支撑等发展趋势,加强以信用为基础的间接监管将成为我国构建长效化平台经济监管体系的重要任务。     

零工经济崛起与零工劳动者权益保护 ——来自美国《加州零工经济法》的启示

与传统的全职工作相比,零工工作具有灵活性强、限制少、效率高等特点,因而零工经济对于劳动者、企业、政府都具有积极意义。但是目前迫切需要解决的是零工劳动者的身份界定问题,这关系到其合法权益的保障。2020年1月1日生效的美国《加州零工经济法》将过去用来区分零工劳动者究竟是雇员还是独立承揽人的Borello检验标准改为ABC检验标准。新标准的实施有利于认定零工劳动者为雇员,从而有效地保护了劳动者权益,对我国未来给予零工劳动者明确的法律保障具有较强的借鉴价值。     

共享经济平台从业者劳动关系认定的国际比较及启示

随着共享经济在全球范围内崛起,共享经济服务提供者人数不断增加,平台从业者劳动关系问题受到广泛关注。世界各国基于"控制论"或"从属论"的思路,建立了以"二元论"或"三分法"为基础的劳动关系认定体系。研究对比分析了不同国家劳动关系判定的法律标准及其在平台从业者劳动关系认定中的应用,并在典型国家案例分析的基础上,进一步比较了"二元论"和"三分法"判定平台从业者劳动关系的效果。研究认为,劳动关系须以人格从属性为本质,不可因规模有限的新兴就业形态而轻言改变。     

政府制度创新对区域经济发展的作用——以京津冀地区为例

在区域经济发展过程中,市场配置资源在客观上存在的不足需要政府发挥对经济活动的引导和规范作用。政府作为制度创新的主体,要充分利用自有优势,弥补市场失灵的缺陷;通过制度创新。使地方政府问形成良好的协调合作机制,促进区域经济的可持续发展。