“She's Way Too Good to Lose”: An Evaluation of Honolulu's Girls Court

This research evaluates the efficacy of a gender-specific, problem-solving court for girl offenders. Official statistics, interview data, and focus group data are utilized to determine whether the court is achieving its stated goals of reducing recidivism, risky behaviors, and confinement for the girls who attend this court program. The present research demonstrates that the program does seem to be effective in terms of reducing both recidivism and risky behavior as well as increasing the development of prosocial and healthy relationships. The article concludes with some lessons learned from the implementation of this court program as well as ideas for future research.     

Doing family

This paper draws on how constructions of ‘the migrant family’ in political discourse influence migrants' and their families' lives. In specific national contexts, ‘the migrant family’ is determined according to the national and European debates and expressed by their respective rules and regulations. By ‘doing family’, migrants and their families develop strategies in order to fit these requirements of living a certain family life. Fulfilling specific norms and perceptions which are not necessarily required for the majority of society is a precondition to succeed. Who is and who is not part of the family, who holds responsibility — such aspects have to be proved and repeatedly reproduced by migrants and their families. This not only affects their position in society, but also has strong implications on their lives as a couple and family, since it requires the continuous adaptation and reconstructions of their everyday reality.     

Tracking individuals and households: longitudinal features of Danseong household register data

Household registers, which were compiled every three years and contained a variety of demographic information, are invaluable sources with which to investigate family and demographic behaviors of historical populations in Korea, especially during the period of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Linking three sets of household registers that covered the area of Danseong from 1780 to 1786, in this study we examine longitudinal features of Korean household registers. We assess the degree of attrition over six years at both individual and household level, and identify social and demographic characteristics associated with attrition. Our investigation shows a considerable degree of attrition of individuals and households over six years which is significantly associated with the social status of individuals and the household heads. We supplement the analysis of exits with the analysis of new entrances, which shows that in each year of register a substantial number of individuals, comparable to the size of individuals and households lost, were newly added. Those who newly entered the registers are very similar in their characteristics to those who exited the registers. We discuss the implications of our findings for studies that rely on Korean household registers to examine family and demographic behaviors of historical populations in Korea and East Asia.     

论犯罪故意在三阶层体系中的地位

在引入三阶层体系的背景之下,学界对我国《刑法》第14条中犯罪故意的体系性地位产生了诸多争议。在犯罪论体系的发展过程中,随着不法的主观化和罪责的客观化、规范化,心理性故意确立了作为主观构成要件的地位,而罪责故意与违法性认识(不法意识)则留在罪责层面,成为罪责的核心要素。无论是以不法论的基础还是从我国实定法的角度来看,心理性故意均应归属于构成要件而非罪责;在承认故意的双重地位的前提下,对容许性构成要件错误采取"法律效果转用的罪责理论"是迄今为止最为妥当的见解;关于故意与违法性认识(不法意识)的关系,我国《刑法》采取的是罪责理论而非故意理论。在三阶层体系之下,我国《刑法》第14条的犯罪故意应当区分心理性故意、罪责故意与违法性认识(不法意识),其中,心理性故意应当归属于构成要件,而罪责故意与违法性认识(不法意识)则归属于罪责。     

泰国华文教育的现状与前瞻

本文论述泰国华文教育发展的历史和社会背景,分析了泰国华文教育的现状以及各种类型的华文教育,指出当前泰国华文教育所存在的问题,并提出解决这些问题的方法。     

Accuracy of Identifying Juvenile/Adult Status from Third Molar Development using Prediction Probabilities Derived from Logistic Regression Analysis

The use of third molars in predicting juvenile/adult status (</≥ 18 years) has important legal ramifications. Third molar development was assessed using Köhler's grading on 268 orthopantomograms of Indian subjects. Logistic regression analysis was applied to determine allocation accuracy of juvenile/adult status and the level of probability that is “reliable” in predicting juvenile/adult status. Allocation accuracies ranged between 75.8% and 78.2% for the sexes combined, with minimal male‐female differences. Adults were categorized more accurately than juveniles, suggesting that Köhler's grading puts Indian juveniles at greater risk of unwarranted punishment. In both sexes, juvenile/adult status was “reliably” predicted when the probability was >80% using individual third molars (excepting the lower right third molar in males); combining upper and lower third molars on the left/right sides, “reliable” predictions were possible when the probability was >80% and >90% for females and males, respectively. Overall, “reliable” juvenile/adult status prediction was achieved in c. 36% of subjects.     

关于加强大连政务微博建设的对策思考

近年来,随着新媒体特别是微博的蓬勃发展,政务微博作为社会管理创新的手段在全国开始迅速发展应用。文章就当前大连政务微博建设中存在的问题,就如何切实提高其质量和水平,充分发挥政务微博在社会管理中的重要作用,提出了相应的建议与对策。     

国内外有关南海断续线法律地位的研究述评

近年来,国内外学者有关南海断续线法律地位的研究,大抵集中在“历史性水域”、“历史性权利”、“海上疆域线”和“岛屿归属线”4个方面。本文通过对这4个方面的研究进行评述,认为无论从断续线产生时的历史背景,或者从目前中国政府发布的有关声明来看,把断续线的法律地位定为“岛屿归属线”还是比较符合实际,可以认可的。     

简论日本越南人社群的形成与社会地位

日本越南人社群是随着印支难民潮产生之后而在日本逐渐形成的新社群。对印支难民的接收开创了战后日本较大规模接收外国难民的先例。为了让越南难民更好地适应在新环境的定居生活,日本方面采取了诸多的措施。如今在日本已经基本形成了较为稳定的越南人社群,但日本越南人在总体上的社会地位还不高。这既与难民本身的特殊性有关,也是由于日本自身对外来人士的封闭性和消极性造成了难民政策措施上的一些缺陷。伴随着对日本社会的不断磨合与适应,日本越南人社群与日本主流社会的距离有望进一步拉近。     

鸡源致病性沙门氏菌新近分离株的耐药性与耐药基因

为了了解河南省鸡源沙门氏菌新近分离株的药物敏感性和耐药基因的存在情况,为进一步研究细菌耐药的分子机制和新型抗菌药物的研制提供资料,利用K-B法检测了98株鸡源沙门氏菌对22种药物的敏感性,采用PCR方法检测了13种常见耐药基因在分离株中的分布情况。结果显示,所有菌株对红霉素、青霉素、阿齐霉素和氨苄西林的耐药率均在60%～100%之间。三重以上耐药的菌株高达96.94%,七重以上耐药的菌株为56.12%,耐药最多的菌株可耐受18种抗生素。从13种常见耐药基因中扩增到3种四环素类、2种氨基糖苷类、2种β-内酰胺类、1种氯霉素类和3种磺胺类耐药基因。研究表明,沙门氏菌极易产生耐药性,耐药基因广泛存在于耐药菌株中,但耐药表型与耐药基因之间无绝对相关性。