论西部地区的禁毒情报协作——西部地区毒品犯罪对全国禁毒工作影响研究之二

毒品犯罪的特殊性决定了情报在打击毒品犯罪中的重要性,而毒品犯罪的跨区域性特点决定了加强情报合作和协作的重要性,西部地区在禁毒斗争中不仅要加强国际禁毒情报交流,也要加强各省市区之间的禁毒情报协作.这种协作的途径主要是通过推进公安情报体制的改革、建立西部地区禁毒协作机制、加强"金盾工程"建设、利用公安部驻滇禁毒联络办公室等来进行,协作的内容主要有战略性情报的交流、禁毒基础信息的共享、毒品专案侦查的情报协作等.     

Biotic Carbon Sequestration and the Kyoto Protocol: The Construction of Global Knowledge by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

This paper explores the dynamics of the production of global knowledge by an international knowledge organization, in this case the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Based on previous notions of international boundary organizations, the idea of international knowledge organizations emphasizes the knowledge generation function of such organizations rather than their convening function. Using the case of controversial Kyoto Protocol biotic carbon sequestration policies, I argue that boundary work and uncertainty management are the essential dynamics in the successful construction of global knowledge by international knowledge organizations. This uncertainty management occurs in a manner broadly, although not completely, in conformance with the institutional preferences of powerful policy actors. Global knowledge can legitimate and help refine global policies, but the process of its construction must be iterative and transparent if it is to be credible for global environmental governance over the long-term.     

农村公共产品多元合作供给绩效的影响因素

农村公共产品供给绩效一直不高,农村公共产品的多元合作供给方式并没有根本缓解农村公共产品的供需矛盾。改善农村公共产品多元合作供给绩效的首要问题就是剖析其影响因素,探索促进合作关系顺利、稳定运行的因素和措施。针对此问题,文章在界定农村公共产品多元合作供给及供给绩效的基础上,以农村公共产品多元合作供给关系的演进过程为切入点,探讨如何促进合作关系的演进,并从中提炼能够形成稳定的合作关系、改善多元合作供给绩效的要素和路径,最后提出能够保证农村公共产品多元合作供给绩效实现的对策建议,以期为农村公共产品供给实践提供理论参考。     

Knowledge transfer to emerging markets via consulting projects

In recent years, development agencies (DAs) have focused their activities on consulting projects rather than on financing turnkey projects when assisting emerging markets. The main reason is that the implementation of consulting projects is likely to be connected with an intensive knowledge transfer from developed to emerging markets. Training of local employees and cooperation with local firms are necessary elements to make the transfer effective. The empirical statistics shows training and cooperation to be more frequent in consulting projects financed by DAs as compared to commercial projects. According to theory and experience, training should be included in projects in the least developed host countries, whereas local cooperation should be more frequent, the higher is the development level of the host country. However, DAs do not follow these rules of thumb in a convincing way. A policy implication of the paper is therefore that DAs should better organize and plan the contents of their consulting projects.

中外合作办学思想政治教育工作路径选择与思考

中外合作办学作为新时期高校加强开放办学、国际交流与合作的重要窗口,应切实把创新学生教育管理模式作为推动大学生思想政治教育工作的内生动力。以山东农业大学中外合作办学为例,为创新中外合作办学思想政治教育工作作了积极实践与路径探索。     

整体性治理与农民工子女的社会融入

农民工随迁子女实际上是城市第二代移民,他们能否融入城市社会是公共管理的重大议题,但当前政府应对这一问题的举措过于碎片化。本文系统地分析了农民工子女融入城市社会的主要障碍,并基于整体性治理的思路,提出具有可操作性的政策建议:首先,必须建立跨部门合作的机制和平台;其次,帮助农民工子女克服升学和就业瓶颈;再次,要积极鼓励社会组织参与合作治理,为农民工子女提供教育和社会服务;第四,少先队、共青团组织应当加强对农民工子女的关怀和吸纳;最后,以社区和学校为主要平台促进农民工子女社会融合。     

Negotiating climate legislation: Policy path dependence and coalition stabilization

This article investigates the nature of policy path dependence through analysis of climate policy formation in the United States. In 2008 the US Congress attempted to pass the Lieberman–Warner bill, a comprehensive climate and energy package that would have capped greenhouse emissions and established a nationwide cap and trade program. In the same year, California successfully enacted the Global Warming Solutions Act. This article explores the circumstances of both cases and raises the question of why legislation at the state level was successful and took such a divergent form from legislation at the federal level. The divergence of these cases is used to highlight the nature of coalition formation and policy path dependence in the legislative process. Explanations of policy tend to gravitate toward either the generalizability of game theoretic approaches or the empirical depth of case studies. This article suggests a combined approach that uses case studies to analyze the positions and motivations of actors and to then model policy development over time. The approach examines policy through the formation and negotiation of policy coalitions. Drawing on the Advocacy Coalition Framework and omnibus analysis, the approach expands these coalition theories first by analysing legislative development at the interface of legislators and constituent interest groups, and second by adding temporal dimension to the analysis. The findings suggest that policy is path dependent in that it is negotiated between coalitions that in turn create stability in the policy process and insulate policy fields from external shocks. Policy path dependence suggests that theory alone is insufficient to predict policy outcomes; policy results depend strongly on prior policy efforts, historically and socially contingent coalitions, and the resulting framing of policy possibilities.     

山西参与国际区域经济合作的现状及环境因素分析

山西对外经济在"十一五"期间取得了较大发展,但也存在一些问题,比如对外贸易总量仍然偏低;出口逆差增加;利用外资规模偏小,总体水平偏低;利用外资产业面窄;外商直接投资的聚集效应不明显;高新技术区对全省高新产业的带动作用有限,等等。"十二五"期间,山西要扩大国际区域经济合作的范围,优化参与路径,面临着外部及内部两种因素的影响。外部因素主要是国际区域经济一体化趋势的加快以及中国自贸区政策的深入推进,内部因素主要有山西必须进行的资源型经济转型以及转型跨越带来的新机遇。     

Fractured International Environmental Governance and the Potential Role of the Commonwealth in Biodiversity and Climate Change

Abstract

This paper begins by examining the reasons behind most failures of governance, including fault lines in institutional and professional specialisation, and in ideology. These three, forever competing within and between themselves, frustrate attempts to find solutions to some of the world's most pressing challenges. Not least among these are environmental challenges, where preferences and priorities that are geographically, professionally or ideologically narrow inevitably fail to achieve solutions for the greater good. What role can the Commonwealth play in addressing the fracture lines that bedevil solutions for climate change and biodiversity? It may help to stimulate global action on these issues if it can encourage agreement across multidimensional global boundaries. We know the Commonwealth is not a leading global force for controlling climate change or biodiversity loss; but if it had the political will it could be an exemplar of how, between a group of vastly diverse countries across the globe—and on the global political stage—binding agreement and positive action on climate change and biodiversity could be promoted and perhaps achieved. One of the strongest features of the Commonwealth is the generation of long-standing legal and ethical norms whose appeal is obvious even if their implementation is lacking. These norms should not be limited to the rule of law, democracy and human rights, but should include environmental norms because these too are fundamental to a satisfactory human condition.     

‘Good neighbours or distant relatives?’ Regional identity and cooperation in the South Caucasus

Conceptualization of the South Caucasus as a distinct regional unit is a relatively new development. Notwithstanding geographic proximity, the three states of the region face different political, economic and security realities, precipitating different strategic orientations. Conflicting dynamics complicate relations between states and serve to undermine efforts, both internal and external, to establish a sense of regional identity and advance inter-state cooperation. This paper argues that the concept of a distinct ‘South Caucasus’ region is an externally generated, geographical label, which implies a certain degree of unity and positive interdependence that does not exist. The three states may be geographical neighbours, but they are not ‘good neighbours’, as the complex web of enmities that has developed over the centuries means the three states tend to look externally to ‘distant relatives’, undermining both regional cohesion and awareness.