The Bleak House of Surrogacy: Broidy v. St Helen's and Knowsley Health Authority

This note examines the British case of Broidy v. St Helen's andKnowsley Health Authority in which Margaret Broidy was unsuccessful in anegligence action against the defendant Health Authority following an emergency caesareanoperation in which a hysterectomy had been performed as `essential'. Of particularfeminist interest is the fact that Broidy's claim for, inter alia, the costs of asurrogacy arrangement to be carried out in California was refused on the basis that it wasnot reasonable – the chances of success of the surrogacy arrangement being deemed tooremote. Set within the context of an increasingly prolific number ofworld-wide surrogacy stories, the Broidy decision is analysed as providing a recentillustration of some of the difficult implications of the reproductive option which surrogacyhas now become.     

论上市公司收购中一致行动的法律规制

由于证卷市场固有的缺陷 ,证券立法对公司收购进行全面规制就成为一种必然。然而 ,我国现行证券立法的缺憾之一就是缺乏对上市公司收购中一致行动的明确规定。宝延风波表明对一致行动进行规制已成为现实的需求。为了保障投资者利益 ,维护证券市场秩序 ,我们必须建立规制一致行动的法律制度。     

An evolutionary step in intellectual property rights – Artificial intelligence and intellectual property

This article addresses and analyses the issues concerning the ownership of computer generated works within patents and copyright, and concludes that the current regime is woefully inadequate to deal with the growing use of more and more intuitive artificial intelligence systems in the production of such works. It considers the respective claims of interested parties to such rights before moving on to a consideration of the creation of a new legal personality to which such rights could be granted to resolve the difficulties inherent in the current system.     

两岸紧急采购制度之比较分析

政府采购法乃是市场经济国家管理政府公共支出的一种基本途径，祖国大陆、我国台湾（以下简称“两岸”）均透过政府采购法规定相关政府采购行为，借以保障采购质量和有效控制预算支出并提升采购效率及效能，营造公平市场经济。近年来由于气候异常全球暖化现象世界各地灾情不断，台湾地区近年发生921大地震、莫拉克风灾、H1N1疫情蔓延等灾害；祖国大陆亦遭遇舟曲泥石流、四川汶川大地震，及各地发生之洪涝、旱灾等，接连考验两岸＇-3局危机应变能力，并彰显出紧急采购之重要性。在遭遇各种灾害紧急状况下，因应紧急采购所需，两岸均有制订相关法律规定。本研究比较两岸之紧急采购制度，并参照相关实务案例，说明台湾采购法实施偏重法治化，但辅以行政部门采购稽核作业，及监察部门的审计稽查，均可对采购作业进行防杜弊端，避免不法情事产生积极作用。祖国大陆在政府采购法规范下，则较偏向因地制宜之弹性方式实施，可因应不同之地方需求，快速反应并确实符合实际灾害抢救需求，惟需注意相关稽核制度之管控。     

影响《婚姻登记条例》实施的因素分析

<婚姻登记条例>于2003年10月1日开始实施至今,在实施过程中逐渐暴露出一些问题和隐患,影响到了法律的实效.在实践中有的放矢地切实解决存在的问题,就会改善法律实效,提高法律效果和法律效益.     

Evidence and Actions on Mortgage Market Disparities: Research,Fair Lending Enforcement,and Consumer Protection

ABSTRACT

In this article, we present an overview of the research on discrimination in mortgage underwriting and pricing, the experiences of minority borrowers both prior to and during the financial crisis, and federal efforts to mitigate foreclosures during the crisis. We next discuss the history of legal cases alleging disparate treatment of minority borrowers, and recent cases alleging disparate impact in the wake of the Supreme Court’s Inclusive Communities decision. Using these discussions as a background, we examine and discuss mortgage regulations issued by the Consumer Finance Protection Bureau following the financial crisis, describe recent developments in the FinTech industry and explore the implications for fair lending policy and minority borrowers more generally. Finally, we draw conclusions and make recommendations for improving the mortgage market outcomes of minority borrowers and increasing minority borrowers’ access to credit.     

“Those Are Our People and That's Our Family”: Wabanaki Perspectives on Child Welfare Practice in Their Communities

In collaboration with the Maine Wabanaki-State Child Welfare Truth and Reconciliation Commission Convening Group, this study explored perspectives of Wabanaki community members and tribal child welfare staff on state child welfare involvement in Wabanaki communities. Qualitative analysis of three focus groups found that participants perceived fundamental differences between what guides the work of tribal child welfare staff and state child welfare staff, as well as differences in understanding the profound impact of removing a child from the community. These findings are suggested to be elements of a Wabanaki counter-narrative that contrasts with the historical dominant narrative about Native families and children.     

国家治理体系现代化的制度样本——评析《重大行政决策程序暂行条例》

《重大行政决策程序暂行条例》是新时代推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的制度样本。它统筹协调处理行政决策所涉及的多种关系,以形成良法善治的制度合力。理论上,它对行政决策范围的界定、重大行政决策的判断标准、公众参与的模式、合法性审查的模式、行政决策的终身责任追究等方面进行了回应或取舍。制度上,它对适用主体、重大决策事项划定方式、创新和拓展公众参与渠道、专家库和专家信用体系建设等问题进行了回应与设计。     

论我国侵权法中侵害债权类型化之必要性——以一起企业产权纠纷案为例

侵害合同债权属于侵权行为中的“侵权之债”，“合同债权”受到侵犯应当从“侵权法”角度寻找法律基础。从一起“一企二卖”的企业产权纠纷案件可看出，我国目前侵权行为方面的规定太概括，不够明确，造成适用困难，侵害合同债权的侵权行为类型化是我国侵权法立法的必由之路。     

交通肇事罪若干问题探索——基于对一个案例的分析

交通肇事罪是行政犯罪，必须以行为违反行政法律、承担行政责任为前提。行为人构成交通肇事罪除了承担行政责任外，还需要具备其他条件。执法部门在适用刑法第133条“交通运输肇事后逃选”规定时，必须注意交通事故责任认定的“逃逸”与刑法意义的“逃逸”是两种本质不同的行为，同时不能违反“同一行为禁止重复评价”的原则。