韩国新农村运动的成功要因分析

韩国在韩国20世纪70年代实施的新农村运动被誉为发展中国家农村建设的成功范例。本文从韩国建国后的社会经济环境,推动主体之间形成的善治特征,变革目标和战略选择等角度,全面分析韩国新农村运动的成功要因,以及韩国经验对中国所具有的启示意义。     

英属马来亚华人二战前社会运动史类型——以霹雳州为例

本文主要探讨二战前英属马来亚华人的社会运动的类型。一般认为,二战前英属马来亚华人的群众运动受到民族和爱国主义的影响。本文尝试从另一角度进行探讨,即:运动的本土性,符合居住地的现实考虑及需求等。本文通过分析典藏在星、马和台湾的档案,把二战前马来亚华人的社会运动分为两个种类:一、倾向支持中国的社会运动,二、响应本土性课题而开展的社会运动,由此去探索二战前马来亚华人的本土关怀。     

I Shield Myself From Thee: Selective Avoidance on Social Media During Political Protests

This study examines the phenomenon of politically motivated selective avoidance on Facebook in the context of the Hong Kong Umbrella Movement protests in 2014. We conceptualize selective avoidance as individual choices that users make to shield themselves from undesirable dissonant views by removing unwanted information and breaking social ties that transmit such information. Given the political turmoil and high level of polarization during the protests, we argue that selective avoidance was related to the socio-psychological factor of perceived out-group threat. We present an analysis of a survey of 769 students from Hong Kong conducted at the height of the street protests. We find that 15.6% of the respondents removed content and/or unfriended a Facebook friend during the protests. The use of Facebook for protest-related information and expression was associated with higher likelihood of selective avoidance, which in turn predicted actual participation in the street protests. The level of perceived out-group threat strengthened the positive relationship between Facebook use and selective avoidance. We thus argue that group conflict in a time of political turmoil may catalyze selective avoidance, transforming a heterogeneous socio-informational environment into a more insulated gated community. Such acts may promote protest participation but also lead to a more fragmented and polarized citizenry.     

Migración,lucha por la vivienda y transnacionalismo socio-político: El caso de Movimiento por Justicia del Barrio

Transnationalism is, within Mexican migration studies, the predominant perspective to explain collective action undertaken by Mexicans in the United States. It takes into account the Mexican “diaspora's” interest and political participation in their hometowns. This article challenges transnationalism's basic tenet and proposes, instead, the notion of socio-political transnationalism. Nevertheless, the article emphasizes on how migrants fist act collectively to improve their living conditions in the host societies, rather than organizing around their ties with their homeland. This kind of organizing does not imply indifference towards the situation in their country of origin. It does mean, however, that the transnational perspective falls into a second plane. To illustrate, we will depict the history of Movimiento por Justicia del Barrio, an immigrants' organization in the City of New York, principally Mexican based, and their struggle against the gentrifying attempts taking place in East Harlem. We will also look at their political vision and the links they have created with organizations in Mexico.     

从“太阳花学运”看台湾民主

台湾自视为民主化的“灯塔”,但“太阳花学运”暴露出台湾民主存在诸多问题,引发广泛争议。争议中的共识是台湾民主出了问题,但也存在分歧,即究竟该对近三十年来的台湾民主化持什么态度,肯定、否定,抑或其他？分歧的产生与民主质量理论运用到台湾民主研究有关,民主质量的概念特性导致不同学者对其内涵的理解有所不同。有将其理解为狭义的“民主”的质量,包括竞争性选举、政党轮替等;也有将其理解为中义的“民主政治”的质量,包括法治、宪政、分权、人权等其他政治范畴;还有将其理解为广义的“民主政体”的质量,包括政治绩效、经济绩效、社会绩效等政治、经济和社会范畴。通过民主质量理论可知,台湾基本实现了巩固的民主,但尚未实现优质的民主。     

五四时期青年社团的楷模——新民学会

新民学会是五四时期最有影响的青年社团,在它成立的3年多时间里,先后参加赴法勤工俭学运动,积极响应五四运动,驱逐湖南军阀张敬尧,参加湖南自治运动,创办“文化书社”与“俄罗斯研究会”等一系列反帝反封建革命运动,由于它思想的先进性、组织的严密性和活动的革命性,不仅成为湖南省反帝反封建斗争的核心组织,而且成为全国青年社团的楷模。     

当代巴勒斯坦民族主义发展的三大思潮及其实践——从哈马斯上台谈起

巴勒斯坦民族意识是在犹太复国主义的挑战下萌发的。在与以色列的斗争过程中,巴勒斯坦民族主义先后兴起了三次大的思潮:泛阿拉伯民族主义思潮、巴勒斯坦民族主义思潮和伊斯兰化民族主义思潮,这三大思潮的发展变化揭示出巴勒斯坦人在不断受挫的反对以色列、实现巴勒斯坦人建国理想的斗争中,民族主义情绪越来越强烈、越来越激进化。同时,以强巴弱的严峻现实使巴勒斯坦人的建国目标至今未能实现。     

Chinese IR Sino-centrism tradition and its influence on the Chinese School Movement

The Chinese School Movement, which aims to create a Chinese theory of international relations, has developed over the last 30 years. It is usually portrayed as an ongoing effort by Chinese scholars to provide a theory that accounts for anomalies within Western IR theories. Despite its academic potential, the movement has made extremely slow progress in theory building. This slow progress is attributed to the prevalence of the Sino-centrism in Chinese IR which assumes the superiority of Chinese international experience in knowledge making and evaluation. This epistemological tradition rises, falls, and resurges in Chinese IR disciplinary history and finds its latest expression in the Chinese School Movement, which turns it into a pseudo-scientific enterprise. Under its influence, the Chinese School Movement is constantly applauded by Chinese IR scholars despite the difficulty in yielding scientific output. The most urgent task for Chinese scholars is therefore not to further strengthen the Sino-centrism tradition by searching for a unique Chinese understanding of international relations but to deconstruct it for better communication between Chinese and Western IR scholars.     

Institutional reform and political party engagement: Challenges to democratic transformation in post-CPA Sudan

ABSTRACT

This article looks at the role of institutions and political parties as main agents of the democratisation process in the Sudan, following the signing the Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA). A review of the historic weaknesses of intermittent democratic rule in the Sudan, since its independence in 1956 and through to the signing of the CPA, is offered. Those elements of the CPA critical to institutional reform and democratisation are identified and their implementation assessed, including the results of the CPA-mandated elections held in April 2010. The four principal political parties and their capacities to contribute to democratic transformation are analysed.     

新文化运动中关于贞操问题的讨论

新文化运动时期发起了中国历史上第一次关于贞操问题的讨论。这场讨论以对女性的关注为出发点围绕着贞操是否道德而展开,深刻剖析了贞操观的内在矛盾,批判了中国的节烈观,在思想界产生了深远的影响。