2008～2009年浙江省猪圆环病毒2型全基因组序列的比较和分析

应用PCR方法对2008～2009年采集的99份疑似断奶仔猪多系统衰竭综合征病猪的脾、肺、淋巴结混合组织样本进行猪圆环病毒2型(PCV2)检测,并以组织DNA为模板进行了PCV2的全基因组扩增,克隆后进行了测序。结果显示,2008年与2009年浙江省PCV2的平均阳性率为47.5%,与2004～2006年相比基本持平。随机选取18份阳性病料进行PCV2全基因组测序分析,结果,18个毒株均属于Group1,其中5个毒株(27.8%)属于1A分支,3个毒株(16.7%)属于1B分支,9个毒株(50%)属于1C分支。表明,Group1依然是浙江省PCV2的主导基因型,且1C分支从无到有,并逐渐占据主导地位。     

猪胸膜肺炎放线杆菌半套式PCR检测方法的建立及应用

根据1型胸膜肺炎放线杆菌apx Ⅳ A基因3'端序列设计3条引物,建立了检测猪胸膜肺炎放线杆菌(Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae,APP)的半套式PCR方法.筛选了该方法的最佳反应条件,并采用该方法进行临诊检测,比较了不同处理临床样品的检测结果.结果表明,该方法能检测出所有供试血清型APP,不能从猪上呼吸道常见细菌基因组DNA中扩增出条带,特异性好;最低DNA检出量为16.5 fg,其灵敏性是常规PCR方法的1 000倍;重复性试验结果表明,该方法稳定可靠.应用半套式PCR方法检测临床样品,检出率显著高于细菌分离鉴定;样品保存方法和核酸抽提方法能影响阳性样品的检出率.     

牛趋化因子受体4基因的克隆表达及序列分析

采用RT-PCR技术,从被刺激诱导的牛外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)中克隆了牛趋化因子受体4(CXCR4)全长基因,并将CXCR4基因和CXCR4基因N端1～126 bp(CXCR4~(42aa))片段分别亚克隆到原核表达载体pGEX-4T-1中,命名为pGEX-4T-1-CXCR4、pGEX-4T-1-CXCR4~(42aa).获得重组菌株后,采用不同的IPTG浓度、不同诱导时间、不同温度和不同培养基等组合诱导表达这两种重组菌,其中pGEX-4T-1-CX-CR4~(42aa)重组菌获得了表达,并在37℃、IPTG浓度为0.8 mmol/L、诱导6 h时表达量最大,约占菌体总蛋白的45%,目的蛋白主要以包涵体的形式存在;而pGEX-4T-1-CXCR4重组菌未表达出目的蛋白.     

猪圆环病毒2型对体外培养仔猪淋巴细胞转化能力及其活性的影响

采集5头PCV2和PRRSV血清抗体阴性的断奶仔猪血液,分离外周血淋巴细胞,分对照组、PHA组、LPS组、PCV2组、PCV2+PHA组、PCV2+LPS组进行体外培养,用MTT法检测PCV2作用2d后对仔猪外周血淋巴细胞转化能力的影响;无菌取脾制成单细胞悬液,分单独淋巴细胞(L)、淋巴细胞+PCV2(L+V)、淋巴细胞与巨噬细胞(L+M)和淋巴细胞与巨噬细胞+PCV2(L+M+V)4组进行体外培养.分别在培养后第0、6、12和24 h收获淋巴细胞,用RT-PCR法检测淋巴细胞IL-2R(α)mRNA的表达.结果显示,与对照组、PHA组和LPS组相比,PCV2组、PCV2+PHA组和PCV2+LPS组淋巴细胞的转化能力均极显著降低(P＜0.01);PCV2对单独培养的淋巴细胞IL-2R(α)表达的影响不显著(P＞0.05),而巨噬细胞能协同PCV2促进淋巴细胞IL-2R(α)的表达,尤其在攻毒后第12和第24 h极显著增加(P＜0.01).证实PCV2在攻毒后第2 d能抑制体外培养T、B淋巴细胞的转化能力,且巨噬细胞能协同PCV2促进T淋巴细胞的活化.     

东北地区新城疫流行株的分子生物学特性调查

从东北地区发生新城疫 (ND)的病鸡、病鸽和产蛋下降鸡分离到 19株NDV ,对其融合蛋白 (F)基因 5 32bp或 2 80bp片段进行了克隆、测序 (在GenBank中的登录号为AY2 0 86 80～AY2 0 86 98) ,并对各株的F基因序列进行了比较。结果 ,各毒株之间的核苷酸同源性为 83.1%～10 0 % ,氨基酸同源性为 85 .5 %～ 10 0 % ;系统发育进化树分析表明 ,其中 2株与疫苗株V4同属基因Ⅰ型 ,为弱毒株 ;其余 17株为强毒株 ,其中 2株为基因Ⅵ型 ,其余为基因Ⅶ型。表明东北地区目前由 3种基因型的NDV毒株 (Ⅰ型、Ⅵ型、Ⅶ型 )所引发 ,并以基因Ⅶ型为主。另外 ,对其中的代表毒株APMV1/chicken/China/JL 11/ 0 2进行了免疫学试验 ,结果显示 ,LaSota疫苗的免疫保护效果不理想 ,可能是LaSota疫苗免疫鸡群发生ND的主要原因。     

EXCEL在交通事故分析中的应用

交通安全问题已引起了世界各国的重视,每个国家都在寻求和探索降低交通事故发生率的良策。我国是一个发展中国家,在相当长的一段时间内还会面临着严重的交通安全问题。EXCEL是一种简便、易操作的计算机软件,可以利用EXCEL的数据分析功能,求出道路交通事故中某些推测数据与多因素之间的比例关系,对道路交通事故分析有所帮助。     

牛分枝杆菌mpb64和Ag85B融合基因在大肠埃希氏菌中的原核表达

以牛分枝杆菌Vallee株基因组DNA为模板,应用PCR扩增获得mpb64和Ag85B两个目的基因片段,采用重叠延伸剪接技术(SOE)剪接mpb64和Ag85B,得到融合基因mpb64-Ag85B;将融合基因片段先克隆于pMD 18-T载体,再亚克隆到表达载体pET32a( )中,得到重组质粒pET64-85。该重组质粒经核苷酸序列测定,显示其中的外源片段与期望的序列一致;其BL21(DE3)转化菌经IPTG诱导表达带有6个组氨酸标签的融合蛋白;用Ni2 螯合层析方法纯化融合蛋白,Western-blotting分析结果显示,该融合蛋白能与抗牛分枝杆菌阳性血清发生反应。     

Near‐fatal Intoxication with the “New” Synthetic Opioid U‐47700: The First Reported Case in the Czech Republic

Recreational use of the potent synthetic opioid 3,4‐ dichloro‐N‐(2‐(dimethylamino)cyclohexyl)‐N‐methylbenzamide (U‐47700) is rising, accompanied by increasingly frequent cases of serious intoxication. This article reports a case of near‐fatal U‐47700 intoxication. A man was found unconscious (with drug powder residues). After 40 h in hospital (including 12 h of supported ventilation), he recovered and was discharged. Liquid chromatography/high‐resolution mass spectrometry (LC/HRMS) or gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) were used to detect and quantify substances in powders, serum and urine. Powders contained U‐47700 and two synthetic cannabinoids. Serum and urine were positive for U‐47700 (351.0 ng/mL), citalopram (<LOQ), tetrahydrocannabinol (THC: 3.3 ng/mL), midazolam (<LOQ) and a novel benzodiazepine, clonazolam (6.8 ng/mL) and their metabolites but negative for synthetic cannabinoids. If potent synthetic opioids become cheaper and more easily obtainable than their classical counterparts (e.g., heroin), they will inevitably replace them and users may be exposed to elevated risks of addiction and overdose.     

The security of access to accounts under the PSD2

The revised Payment Services Directive (‘PSD2’) has been adopted to stimulate the development of an integrated internal market for payment services. In particular, it facilitates payment initiation services and account information services by granting the providers of these services access to the accounts of the payment service users. At the same time, the recitals state that the PSD2 guarantees a high level of consumer protection, security of payment transactions and protection against fraud.This paper answers the following question: To what extent does the access to accounts of the payment initiation service providers and account information service providers balance the development of the market for payment services with the security of the payment account and the privacy of the user? An analysis of the PSD2 shows that the development of the market for payment services has a higher priority. Security and privacy are ultimately subordinate.First, the PSD2 does not adequately protect the personal data of the users. The definition of ‘account information service’ is broad and covers a wide range of services. This allows the payment service providers to circumvent the limitations of the access to accounts.Next, the payment service providers have a ‘fall back option’ that allows ‘screen scraping’ if the dedicated interface is not functioning properly. Although this access is constrained by several safeguards, the fall back option gives the payment services provider unlimited access to the account of the user.Finally, the payment service providers have considerable freedom to arrange their authentication process as they see fit. The banks seem to be required to trust this process. The PSD2 and regulatory technical standards do not demand that a bank is able to verify the authentication or the integrity of the payment order.     

TGF-β1在SCN5A基因变异所致心源性猝死中调控作用

SCN5A基因变异所致心源性猝死发生机制尚不清楚。目前研究显示TGF-β1介导心肌纤维化以及离子通道重构调节机制的异常可能是SCN5A基因变异导致SUNDS发生的主要原因。本文就转化生长因子β1对SCN5A基因变异所致心源性猝死调控的影响机制研究进展进行综述,以期为心源性猝死法医学研究和实践提供参考。