Developmentality: indirect governance in the World Bank–Uganda partnership

The instituted order of development is changing, creating new power mechanisms ordering the relationship between donor and recipient institutions. Donors’ focus on partnership, participation and ownership has radically transformed the orchestration of aid. While the formal order of this new aid architecture aimed to alter inherently asymmetrical donor–recipient relations by installing the recipient side with greater freedom and responsibility, this article – drawing on an analysis of the World Bank’s Poverty Reduction and Strategy Paper (PRSP) model and its partnership with Uganda – demonstrates how lopsided aid relations are being reproduced in profound ways. Analysed in terms of developmentality, the article shows how the donor aspires to make its policies those of the recipient as a means to govern at a distance, where promises of greater inclusion and freedom facilitate new governance mechanisms enabling the donor to retain control by framing the partnership and thus limiting the conditions under which the recipient exercises the freedom it has been granted.     

Measuring the Effectiveness of Routine Child Protection Services: The Results From an Evidence Based Strategy

Most of what is known about the effectiveness of child welfare is found in studies of specific programs. Little is known about the effectiveness of the routine services provided in child protection systems. Family and Children's Services of Renfrew County is a Canadian child welfare agency that decided to expand its mission beyond protecting children to include enabling child development. This article discusses its effort to improve outcomes for children receiving a child protection service at home: the key elements examined are the selection of outcomes, the implementation of a child development strategy, and the collection and analysis of outcome data. Many of the findings are encouraging. The outcomes described rely on parents, social workers, and children and youth as sources of information. The triangulation resulting from combining a number of sources and instruments for the collection of the outcome data supports the credibility of the findings. Through the evidence based strategy that was adopted knowledge was acquired about what is possible in attaining better developmental outcomes in the course of child protection intervention.     

增强民主党派民主监督的有效性研究

民主党派民主监督是中国共产党领导的多党合作和政治协商制度的一项基本功能,是民主党派政党价值和政治生命的重要体现.在当代中国政治系统和社会生态相互作用的复杂关系中,影响民主党派民主监督有效性的因素众多,其中,制约民主党派民主监督有效性的体制机制、主体客体、法律保障等问题较为突出.对此,必须从多党合作制度建设的现实需要出发,探索解决制约民主党派民主监督有效性的一系列问题,积极开辟民主党派民主监督有效性的实现路径.     

法律论证的正当性标准

法律论证是寻求法治合法性的一种理论追求,它承载着一项重要的使命,即寻求达致司法公正,实现社会正义之方法。通过运用论证方法,实现个案裁判之公正,彰显法治之目标。实践中,由于论证理路之不同,如何把握论证正当性标准便产生了不同观点。颇具代表性的有逻辑有效性、可接受性、融贯性。但由于每一种标准都具有一定的适用场域,它们有的是程序正义中的标准,有的是实体正义中的标准。因此,任何一种标准都不能单独作为法律论证的正当性标准,应当把它们综合运用到法律论证当中去。     

任意的当事人变更之再认识

关于任意的当事人变更,学说上存在诉之变更说、复合行为说以及特殊行为说三种观点.我国承袭苏联立法曾对其进行了粗略规定,随后又废止.理论研究及立法规则的缺位引发了制度的异化.从本质上而言,任意的当事人变更是一个关涉诉讼经济与程序保障调和的利益衡量问题.在当下诉讼资源紧缺的司法环境下,其具有不可或缺的重要价值.对任意的当事人...     

高校贫困生心态及解决对策

贫困学生问题是每个高等院校都存在的普遍问题。理清高等院校贫困学生的现状,完善高校助学体系,加强对贫困学生的思想教育,是解决高等学校贫困学生问题的有效途径。     

The Changing Role of NGOs in Rural Chile After Democracy

Abstract — The article examines how NGOs in rural Chile operated during the dictatorship and how their role changed after the return of democracy. An NGO (OPDECH) in Southern Chile is used as a case study. During the Pinochet regime, NGOs maintained a critical distance from the government by creating a niche for opposition researchers and activists. They provided a possibility of economic survival for professionals whilst working on alternative proposals to address the socio-economic needs of the poor majority. External funding from international agencies provided much needed resources but created as well a culture of reliance and a clientelistic middle class of professionals. The NGO in Southern Chile became a nucleus of resistance and expertise on regional development by safekeeping democratic tradition and providing a range of solutions to local development problems. After the restoration of democratic government many professionals joined the government. NGOs exchanged their altruism for a more pragmatic, opportunistic and, in some cases, more efficient role as executors of government programmes. The case study in Southern Chile illustrates this trajectory well. After municipal elections a collaborative role with local government was sought by OPDECH that aimed to implement local initiatives as well as advise local and regional governments on environmental and developmental issues. Given the NGOs historical commitment to grassroots development, it remains to be seen what role they can play in supporting local government while forging a new role for themselves in a democratic context.     

劳动规章制度效力模型研究

用人单位劳动规章制度的效力原则主要有明确性原则、比例原则和除外原则。明确性原则应当摒弃,比例原则应当借鉴,除外原则需要甄别。劳动规章制度效力阶位可以分为"效力模型"和"基准模型"两大体系。一般"效力模型"是指法律(劳动法或基准法)效力最高、集体合同第二、劳动合同次之、劳动规章制度(含劳动纪律)最低;"基准模型"指劳动规章制度的基准最高、劳动合同基准第二、集体合同次之、法律(劳动法或基准法)最低即为兜底条款或底线。     

UK development policy and domestic politics 1997–2016

Debate surrounds the relative importance of development aid and development policy in donor efforts to support international development. Likewise, the literature on UK development policy points to its putative stability and consistency over time. Both perspectives, however, underplay the political contention which characterises UK development policy and its variable effects. This article, therefore, examines UK development policy between 1997 and 2016 and the varying extent to which it gave rise to contentious politics over time. It explores three politically-significant periods in the context of UK development policy between 1997 and 2016: the first between 1997 and 2003, characterised, I argue, by political consensus and managed contention; a second between 2003 and 2010, characterised by transition and emerging political contention; and a third, between 2010 and 2016, characterised by contentious politics and political fracturing. I associate the first period with effective political vision and direction and the third with a significant erosion of both, to the detriment of UK development policy and its efficacy. In conclusion, I argue that UK development policy has been most effective when it has been underpinned by a clear and consensual political vision.     

法律诊所式教学在非诉讼业务中的运用

法律诊所式教学在非诉讼业务中的运用,就是让学生们在情境中了解和掌握与法律相关的非诉讼业务的实体知识和程序规程。通过具体的非诉讼业务,培养学生处理经济领域法律事务的能力,改变法学专业的学生单一的知识结构,将学生的知识结构向社会需要的行业拓展,培养学生处理非诉讼法律事务的能力。