China’s Response to the Ebola Virus Disease in West Africa

This article examines the Chinese response to the Ebola outbreak in West Africa, first surveying Chinese interests in Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone. Many Chinese workers have been evacuated and projects postponed. For the first time, China has extended humanitarian aid to countries facing a public health emergency. China is under pressure to ‘do something’ but faces its own developmental challenges as well as problems of logistics. Chinese knowledge of Africa is still relatively weak and uninformed. Although China’s assistance dwarves that from the other BRICS, the Ebola crisis has revealed problems in Sino-African relations, not least the gap between rhetoric and reality.     

‘Donors are not interested in reality’: the interplay between international donors and local NGOs in Kyrgyzstan's HIV/AIDS sector

This article explores the interplay between international donors and local NGOs in Kyrgyzstan's HIV/AIDS sector. It argues that donors have transposed ready-made policies without sufficient consideration of the local context and that NGOs have responded strategically, adapting their proposals and reports to the expectations of donors. This complex interplay has resulted in unintended consequences that have undermined an effective response to the HIV/AIDS epidemic. It has given rise to ‘virtual realities’ detached from developments on the ground. The funding system has also led to corruption and misappropriation of funds and the failure of NGOs to become sustainable. Largely bypassing the state in the allocation of funds, international donors have also undermined an already weak state.     

Management not models: adaptability,responsiveness, and a few lessons from football

Despite a swathe of critiques of logframes and other blueprint approaches to development over the last 30 years, most aid infrastructure continues to concentrate on the design and subsequent implementation of closed models. This article does not propose an alternative to blueprints, but challenges the inflexibility of their implementation, which is inadequate given the complex nature of social change. It proposes a supplementary management and learning approach which enables implementers to be dynamic, adaptive, and responsive to problems and opportunities. Emphasising the role of donors, the paper presents a case study of one donor-led programme in Bangladesh doing just this.     

法律援助制度的基本理念分析--民事法律援助与刑事法律援助理论基础之比较

民事法律援助与刑事法律援助有不同的发展脉络.在法律援助发展的最初阶段--慈善事业阶段,一般只是对贫穷的囚犯提供刑事辩护,并不规定民事法律援助.在政治权利阶段,刑事法律援助得到完善,民事法律援助方面的规定较少且不成体系.在法律援助的国家福利阶段,民事法律援助得到系统化发展.无论是刑事法律援助还是民事法律援助,都有着共同的基本理念,那就是保障人权,维护司法公正,保护弱势群体的合法权益.但在共同理念的背后,两者的理论基础也有差异一是基础理念的差异,二是司法利益取向的差异,三是国家责任的差异.所以,不同性质的法律援助应适用不同的制度规则.     

论经济法的基本价值取向

经济法的价值具有多元性 ,但当其多元价值发生冲突时 ,经济法应当以效益作为其基本价值。以效益作为经济法的基本价值不仅具有坚实的理论基础 ,而且体现在经济法的具体制度中。经济法效益价值可以通过经济立法、经济执法和经济司法等途径得以实现 ,并与经济法其他价值存在连动互补关系     

论宪法基本权利条款在私法上的效力

传统的观念认为:宪法对权利的保障通常只是约束国家和国家机关,对私人领域的效力是间接的,不具有直接的法律效力,宪法的基本权利规范具有原则性,且无制裁性规定,不能在私法上直接适用。但“理论是灰色的,而生活之树常青”,本文立足于对国外相关理论的分析,对我国社会现实、法律观念及宪法规范的梳理,探讨我国确认基本权利私法效力的必要性、合宪性。     

有效性限度:政府作用的再认识

政府在经济和社会的持续发展中的作用是有效的,但政府自身的缺陷使得这种有效性具有了一定的限度。政府作用的这种限度表现为政府作用范围、政府赖以存在和发展的资源以及制定和执行公共政策的实际效果有限。政府作用有效性限度决定了有效政府的前提是有限政府。     

我国跨境职务罪案协查机制的发展与完善

职务犯罪向境外发展是新时期廉政建设遇到的一个棘手问题。内地与港澳之间在控制此类犯罪的司法实践中已建立起个案协查机制,并根据情况变化不断进行自我完善。为适应港澳回归和“入世”的需要,法域间应当进一步扩大合作范围,提高合作档次,加大追逃追赃力度,制订协助法律规范,以健全有利于经济发展和社会稳定的法制环境。     

企业目标激励有效性分析

目标激励是当前企业使用频率较高的激励方法之一。这种激励方法有条件适用性,它们会影响职工积极性、主动性和创造性的发挥和管理的效率。目标激励的有效性主要取决于以下因素:目标的合理性;人们的参与程度;组织环境和工作特性;管理者的管理作风;分权程度;员工的素质和能力。     

Going, going, gone: the effects of aid policies on graduation at three large public institutions

This paper exploits uniquely detailed data and cross-institution variation in aid for three large public universities to identify the effects of aid on the probability of college graduation. The results indicate that need-based and merit-based aid both increase graduation rates at large public institutions, but primarily through the types of students that ‘select’ these institutions. Merit-based aid facilitates an institution attracting students who have higher observed academic ability that raises the probability of graduation. Need-based aid enables an institution to attract students with non-academic attributes such as social and cultural networks that, while often unobserved, improve graduation success. Broadly, our results suggest that recent aid policy that has moved away from need-based aid for low-income students (reducing their ability to find the best institutional match) and toward merit-based aid (that alters the distribution of high ability students across colleges) could foster stagnant graduation rates even with rising enrollment rates that have been observed over the last three decades.