浅析大规模产品侵权的举证责任——以“三鹿奶粉事件”为分析案例

"三鹿奶粉事件"引起人们对大规模产品侵权问题的思考,而我国法律并未就大规模产品侵权问题作出规定。基于大规模产品侵权的特殊性分析,应该在大规模产品侵权举证责任分配方面为众多的受害人提供充分的、及时的救济,由政府为受害人提供产品缺陷举证责任上的帮助,并且实行因果关系推定。     

Testing the Use of Pigs as Human Proxies in Decomposition Studies

Pigs are a common human analogue in taphonomic study, yet data comparing the trajectory of decomposition between the two groups are lacking. This study compared decomposition rate and gross tissue change in 17 pigs and 22 human remains placed in the Forensic Investigation Research Station in western Colorado between 2012 and 2015. Accumulated degree days (ADD) were used to assess the number of thermal units required to reach a given total body score (TBS) (1) which was used as the measure of decomposition. A comparison of slopes in linear mixed effects model indicated that decomposition rates significantly differed between human donors and pig remains χ²₍₁₎ = 5.662, p = 0.017. Neither the pig nor the human trajectory compared well to the TBS model. Thus, (i) pigs are not an adequate proxy for human decomposition studies, and (ii) in the semiarid environment of western Colorado, there is a need to develop a regional decomposition model.     

生产、销售伪劣商品犯罪若干问题研究

生产、销售伪劣商品罪的犯罪客体是国家对商品质量的管理秩序以及不特定的人的人身安全;犯罪对象是伪劣商品。行为方式只能是作为;犯罪形态有四种;销售金额既指实际销售出去的产品金额,亦包括尚未销售而可能销售出去的产品金额。罪过心理既可以是直接故意,也可以是间接故意。在某些情况下有既、未遂之分。应当注意本类罪的罪数问题。     

对我国产品责任构成要件的法律思考

适用产品责任的产品应包括普通工业品,初级农产品、无形产品,建设工程不动产.界定产品是否构成缺陷,应以其能否提供正常使用所能期待的安全性,是否存在危及人身、财产安全的不合理的危险为标准.产品的购买者、使用者及因使用产品而受损害的第三人都是产品责任的权利主体,有权要求产品的生产者、销售者承担产品责任的义务.无论是缺陷产品的生产者还是销售者,对直接责任的承担适用严格责任原则,在最终责任上,生产者实行严格责任,销售者适用过错责任.     

谁需要SA8000

SA8000是20世纪90年代后再次兴起的自愿的生产守则运动中的一种,它涉及到众多的利益相关者。而每个利益相关者对SA8000都有着不同的利益追求。我们对SA8000既不可高估,也不可忽视。     

Characterization of the Products Formed by the Reaction of Trichlorocyanuric Acid with 2-Propanol

Abstract:  We report a recent investigation into the death of a cat that was initially thought to involve intentionally burning the animal via the use of an ignitable liquid. The exposure of the animal to flame was ruled out. Instead, forensic investigation revealed the intentional mixing together of a common outdoor swimming pool chlorinator, trichlorocyanuric acid (TCCA), and 2-propanol (aka, isopropyl alcohol or rubbing alcohol). The reaction of these two chemicals resulted in the formation of cyanuric acid residue, hydrochloric acid, and the evolution of a significant volume of chlorine gas. Further α-chlorination side reactions also occurred between 2-propanol and TCCA to produce a variety of chlorinated 2-propanone species that were detected on the submitted evidence. The identification of the products of both the main reaction and the side reactions allowed the authors to determine what chemicals were originally mixed together by the culprit.     

环介导等温扩增技术在畜牧兽医领域的应用

介绍了环介导等温扩增技术的引物设计方法、扩增原理和结果判定方法,概述了该技术在动物病毒、细菌、真菌和寄生虫检测等兽医领域以及在动物胚胎性别鉴定和性别控制等畜牧领域的应用情况,旨在为该技术的深入研究和应用提供帮助.     

Africanization： The dilemma to Africanize or to globalize a curriculum

Africanization is generally seen as a renewed focus on Africa-reclaiming what has been taken from Africa--and the emergence of a new sense of pride. With regard to the local curriculum, there is a renewed focus on indigenous knowledge and an African community competing in a global society. In this article the author will reflect on a literature search on Africanization by firstly attempting to create an awareness of the topic by local problems, for example an Africanized curriculum and study material specifically designed for the higher education student in South Africa （who might be in rural or urban） or in the rest of Africa, or even a local student who has migrated to another part of the globe; secondly, looking at relevancy problems that arise when designing local study material on a global platform; thirdly, suggesting ways to design an Africanized environment that not only reflects the underpinning of an African philosophy, but also takes cognizance of the global curriculum. Therefore, an attempt to create an awareness in all communities worldwide of the need is involved in their own curricula by not only looking at problems such as language, culture and values, but also starting at the very beginning, namely with the philosophy behind the design of such a curriculum.     

中日出口结构测度及影响因素研究——基于出口复杂度角度

使用出口复杂度指数,利用1995年—2014年《标准国际贸易分类》三位码数据,从产品层面、产业层面及国家层面测度中日制造业产品出口结构,并通过岭回归解析两国出口复杂度影响因素。研究发现:在产品结构方面,中、日出口分别集中于中低、中高复杂度产品;在影响因素方面,人力资本、研发支出对中日均有显著影响,人口规模对两国均无显著影响,FDI与加工贸易对中国有显著正向影响,人均GDP对日本有显著正向影响。     

试论抵御动物侵袭的法律性质

抵御动物侵袭行为的法律性质在某些情况下难以认定,对动物侵袭进行抵御是认定为正当防卫,紧急避险,还是违法行为,应区分不同情况。本文试对动物侵袭进行分类,并结合动物的种类,来认定不同情况下抵御动物侵袭行为的法律性质。旨在保护人们的合法权益,维护社会的安定团结。