房产新政下的情势变更原则及其适用(上)

情势变更原则应当适用于异常商业风险,在房产新政已经导致合同实际履行困难或者不能履行的情况下,该房产新政具备异常因素而应当归属于情势变更事由。但即便如此,由于商事合同维系着社会经济交易稳定,而情势变更原则是保护合同的最后一道堡垒,房产新政下能否依当事人的请求而适用情势变更原则解除合同,仲裁员必须慎重对待,在双方未预见新政的情况下,应当先通过积极磋商的途径解决纠纷;在双方已预见新政且已作出相关风险防范的情况下,遵循有约定从约定原则,最大限度保护买卖双方合法权益。     

非法经营食盐入罪问题探析

非法经营食盐入罪,是一个社会政治和经济问题。它经历了从无章可循到有法可依,从重罪轻刑到刑罚相当再到以轻刑为主的过程。随着社会主义市场经济体制的健全,盐业体制改革的进一步深入,法律制度的日趋完善,带有计划经济＂痕迹＂的非法经营食盐入罪问题值得反思。     

传销行为罪与非罪的界限

与国外营销理论中的"传销"不同,我国现在所界定的"传销"是区别于"直销"的一种违法犯罪活动。笔者认为,应当对二者进行正确的区分,在未来的经济活动中,对于符合经济学理论的、对市场经济活动有益的模式应当保留并加以适当的保护。鉴于传销行为罪与非罪的不同特质,目前我国应当更加完善地从立法的高度对涉嫌犯罪的传销行为进行约束和打击,从而确保社会主义市场经济的健康发展。     

Sharks, Saints, and Samurai: The Power of Ethics in Negotiations

In this article, I explore the notion that ethics, far from being a check or drag on negotiator power, can actually help to enhance it. As the example of Nelson Mandela negotiating with the South African government showed, ethics (or at least the perception of being ethical) can be a major source of power, diminishing or even neutralizing many other weaknesses. I explore some of the principal ethical dilemmas facing negotiators and illustrate the sometimes surprising ways that "right" ethical choices can actually increase negotiator power. This occurs not only in the more superficial case of instrumental or even prudential ethics, (the province of "saints" and "sharks"), where "right" behavior is employed to gain short-term advantage or to improve long-term negotiator reputation, but even more so in the case of intrinsic "principled" negotiation, where the "right" thing is done for its own sake. As in the case of the medieval Japanese samurai, ethics can be a major source of power. This thesis is then illustrated anecdotally in three practical examples, leading to a proposal for how to deepen and apply this lesson to negotiation analysis and practice.     

浅议人质解救中谈判的目的

正确认识人质谈判的目的是充分发挥谈判作用的前提,人质解救中的谈判主要有以下目的:其一、通过谈判使犯罪嫌疑人主动释放人质;其二、通过谈判使案件向有利于解救人质的方向发展;其三、通过谈判可以了解犯罪嫌疑人和人质的情况,为武力解救人质探路和铺路。     

企业年金计划的设计方法及其风险管理

随着国家关于企业年金的各项政策法规陆续出台,企业年金作为我国养老保险的第二支柱将发挥着越来越重要的作用。同时企业年金作为一种新型的人力资源管理手段,也逐渐引起企业的重视。了解企业年金计划设计的原则与方法,了解企业年金风险的风险管理策略,对于保险公司等金融机构和企业人力资源工作者进行年金方案设计有一定的指导意义。     

论房产交易中的定金性质及处理原则

随着房地产市场的发展，定金在房产交易中所起作用日显突出，定全的表现形式也呈多样化，传统意义上违约定金的性质已难以体现房产交易中不同形式定金的内容。在房地产交易中，定金的性质依其表现形式而体现为订约定金和违约定金。     

Gender Differences in Competition

Negotiating in a highly competitive environment may prove particularly challenging for women. We describe three experimental studies that investigated and documented differences in the competitive behaviors of men and women. The first study examined gender differences in competitive performances. In a setting in which men and women performed at similar levels in single-sex competitions, men were found to outperform women in mixed-sex competitions. The second study focused on the decision of men and women to enter a competition. In a mixed-sex setting in which we found no gender differences in performance, many more men than women chose a compensation scheme in which they had to compete against others. Finally, we report the results of a recent study that examined an institutional intervention that may encourage more women to compete. Specifically, we found that a quota-like affirmative action environment in which women must be equally represented encourages many more women to compete. This response was greater than one would predict based solely on the increase in one's chances of winning and can be partially explained by the fact that the affirmative action competition was more gender specific.     

The Protest Game: Animal Rights Protests and the Life Sciences Industry

In 1997 a small group of animal rights protesters devised a strategy of legal and illegal protests that almost closed down one of Europe's largest animal testing firms, Huntingdon Life Science (HLS). The animal rights protesters successfully disrupted the operations of HLS and severed its links with some of the world's largest financial institutions. This case study examines the "protest game" that was played between the animal rights protesters, HLS, and its business partners. In the first section, I describe the interactions between the parties to the dispute, applying negotiation analytic concepts to better explicate the structure of the game, the alternatives available to the players, and the psychological heuristics and biases that influenced decision making. The conclusion suggests alternative ways in which the protesters and the life sciences industry could resolve the dispute over the ethics and cruelty of animal testing.     

基于XBRL的高校财务信息披露方式构想

在信息技术飞速发展的今天，网络财务报告正逐步成为企业财务信息发布的一种重要形式。可扩展性企业报告语言XBRL解决了以往信息披露方式的种种障碍与不足，能够使信息以更高的质量，更好的透明度和相关性在互联网上进行发布。