The Agenda-Setting Impact of Major Presidential TV Addresses

New media dramatically increase citizens' access to information and decrease governments' ability to control the flow of communication. Although human rights nongovernmental organizations have advocated that access to independent news media will improve government respect for human rights, recent empirical studies have shown this is not always the case. We posit that media independence and the presence or absence of democratic characteristics, in particular political competition, have substantial effects on government repression because these factors determine the degree to which the government is vulnerable to public pressures. The model developed here includes three equations that encompass the impact of interaction between and among the news media, citizens, and government. The first equation specifies the influences on the news media's decision whether or not to perform a “watchdog” role regarding government repression. The second equation represents public reaction to the news media's coverage of government repression (i.e., protest). Here access to news media via traditional and new media is an important factor. The third equation represents government repression. Solutions to the system of equations are derived for four scenarios (a) Democracy and media independence are both present, (b) democracy is present but media independence is absent, (c) democracy is absent (autocracy) and media independence is present, and (d) democracy is absent (autocracy) and media independence is absent. We then consider interesting properties of the anticipated behavior from the government, media, and general public through case illustrations for the Netherlands and Myanmar/Burma.

[Supplementary material is available for this article. Go to the publisher's online edition of Political Communication for the following free supplemental resource: two additional case illustrations (Tanzania and Brazil).]     

电视戏曲栏目传播观念衍变

电视戏曲节目的栏目化生存是多重因素作用的结果,其在因应中国电视生态的时代演进与观众审美趣味的岁月变迁中,在传播观念上多有发展,历经专题化、杂志化、综艺化、娱乐化、竞技化、品牌化的衍变,给当代戏曲电视传播实践带来启示.     

制播分离:电视业改革的必然选择

电视行业制播分离的大幕已经拉开。这一历史性的改革对于缓解乃至解决我国目前存在的电视媒体迅速增长但制作能力又严重不足、行业财力不足但资源又严重浪费、台外的激烈竞争但台内又缺乏创新和激励机制、国外媒体的踏入国门但国内媒体仍固步自封等四大矛盾,有着积极的作用。当前,国家政策的明朗化,电视的收费化和频道的专业化等改革措施的推出,亦为制播分离提供了可行的条件。     

警视文学创作的几点思考

警视文学是当前的热点问题,警视文学创作既涉及文化价值观、主旋律、现实感等问题,还要注重其文化品质和魅力,这是创造社会主义先进的警视文学及塑造生动警察形象的关键。     

美国电视脱口秀主持人特征分析

作为美国日间和夜间电视节目的主要形态之一，美国电视脱口秀节目不仅在美国国内拥有众多的观众群，而且成为包括中国在内的许多国家电视业者借鉴和模仿的对象。其原因就在于美国电视脱口秀主持人的角色、形象、家庭背景、教育与职业背景、才能诸特征有着明显的不同主持人的“主人”角色与“主导”角色的统一；主持人与大多数观众有多方相似性。     

当前影视实验教学存在的问题与对策

影视实验教学是我国影视专业教育的薄弱环节,主要表现为:实验设备缺乏,实验设计不科学,实验教学管理落后。为了解决这些问题,需要运用数字化技术、科学的时间分配以克服实验设备障碍,运用"微格法"、"纠错法"和"心得法"以改进实验教学设计,借鉴美国新采用的"工作室制"等教学经验改革实验教学管理,使我国的影视实验教学实现质的飞跃。     

辽宁影视文化的大发展大繁荣

客观审视辽宁地域文化的兴盘与落寞，冷静思索辽宁地域文化阶段性迟滞与省外、国外文化突飞猛进快速发展的落差，悉心探寻辽宁地域文化陷入濒危的缘由，适时提出拯救、繁荣辽宁非物质文化遗产的对策与途径，旨在加快辽宁由地域文化资源大省向地域文化强省的跨越，实现辽宁地域文化大发展大繁荣的目标。     

隐性采访中的新闻侵权及其规制

隐性采访作为一种特殊采访方式,有着公开采访无法比拟的优势,是新闻媒体获取真实性信息的重要手段。但隐性采访使用不当,极易侵犯个人隐私权、名誉权等,引发法律和道德风险。在新闻实践中,如何规范使用隐性采访,避免新闻侵权显得尤为重要。     

Self‐Strangulation Turning into Partial Hanging for a Suicide Victim

Hanging is the most common asphyxial method of suicide, whereas suicide by strangulation is unusual. Here, we are reporting a particular methodology of the asphyxial method of suicide in which a case of self‐strangulation culminated into partial hanging. A 30‐year‐old male wrapped one end of the cable wire around his neck. He then passed the other end over a curtain rod and tied that end around the right hand. He pulled the hand down, using the curtain rod as a fulcrum, to tighten the noose around the neck in an attempt to strangulate himself. However, he lost consciousness during the process and the body slipped down, pulling the right hand up which got stuck at the curtain rod. This led the body hanged in the kneeling position. This bizarre scenario raised suspicion of homicide but the crime scene, autopsy and victim characteristics were in favor of suicide.