关于维护农民工合法权益问题的调查与思考

从农民工合法权益遭受侵害的种种现象及其社会根源分析中可以看出,维护农民工合法权益必须采取统筹规划、重点突破、综合治理的思路。为此,有必要采取重视维权工作、完善法律制度、建立投诉网络等对策。     

基于协同推理原则的刑侦专家系统

研究表明,关系映射反演原则(RMIP)是开发专家系统的非常重要工具。自动推理定映结构和协同推理的有机结合,会产生犯罪映射反演的学习系统。基于RMI原则可以描述刑侦推理的过程。     

论学习型党组织建设与执政能力建设的关系

中国共产党90年的历史经验证明,党员干部的学习问题和能力问题至关重要。无论从价值理性、工具理性的角度来审视二者都统一于党的最高目标和宗旨。学习型党组织建设的目的是提升执政能力;执政能力建设的目的是通过创新党建工作模式,巩固党的执政地位。学习型党组织建设与执政能力建设之间具有因果关系,同时二者又具有互相提升,共同发展的关系。     

保险法上的因果关系认定与司法推理——以意外死亡保险为例

保险法上的因果关系认定,其目的在于界定保险人的赔付责任范围,其背景是保险合同已对保险人的承保范围和除外责任都做出了规定。事实上,在保险案件中,法院在认定因果关系时,往往已融入了对保险合同条款的价值判断。在意外死亡保险中,有关因果关系认定的司法实践充分说明了这一点。在当代社会,法院在认定保险法上的因果关系时,应遵循保护被保险人的合理期待的原则。     

试论两大法系对侵权行为因果关系的认定

侵权行为上的因果关系认定一直被视为不解之法学难题,并长期困扰着司法实践。从两大法系对因果关系认定学说进行比较分析,可知无论大陆法系还是英美法系,其对于因果关系的截取并无统一的科学标准。因此,我国的司法实践中对因果关系的认定值得思考。     

Causal Attributions and Affective Responses to Provocative Female Partner Behavior by Abusive and Nonabusive Males

The present study examined the effects of the degree of female partner provocation on cognitive attributions and affective responses in verbally abusive and nonabusive college males. In Phase 1 (N = 116), subjects listened to audiotapes of hypothetical dating situations in which the female partner's behavior was nonprovocative or moderately provocative; in Phase 2 (N = 105), the female partner's behavior was nonprovocative or highly provocative. The major hypothesis was that abusive males would make greater negative intent and responsibility attributions and report more powerful feelings of jealousy, rejection, and abandonment in response to moderately and highly provocative partner behavior but not in response to nonprovocative partner behavior than would nonabusive males. Results from Phase 1 showed that abusive males reported reliably greater negative attributions and feelings of jealousy, rejection, and abandonment in response to moderately provocative partner behavior than did nonabusive males. No group differences were associated with nonprovocative partner behavior. Results from Phase 2 showed that abusive males attributed greater negative intent and feelings of rejection and abandonment to both highly provocative and nonprovocative partner behavior than did nonabusive males. Negative attributions and feelings of jealousy, rejection, and abandonment increased reliably from moderately provocative to highly provocative female behavior for abusive and nonabusive males, who differed reliably from each other. Implications for the assessment and treatment of abusive men were discussed.     

论司法证明中的推定

推定是司法证明的重要方法之一,其与推理和推论是相互联系、相互依存的.根据不同的标准,可以将推定分为立法推定与司法推定;可反驳的推定与不可反驳的推定等种类.     

Reasons for Lack of Consensus in Forensic Pathologist Interpretation of Photographs of Patterns of Injury of the Skin,

In a previous study, a survey‐based analysis of pathologist diagnoses of patterned injury in which participants were asked makes diagnoses from photographs in the absence of history or context. The level of consensus was low. A follow‐up survey was created to ask those who responded to the first survey why they answered as they did or why they were unsure of their answers. The most common reason for lack of consensus was that the lesion was nonspecific. Responses invoking ambiguity were more common than those that indicated a confident difference in diagnosis. There were differences between demographic groups, with age and experience being most prominent. These findings suggest that differences in image interpretation do not generally reflect firm differences in diagnosis as much as differing ways of dealing with ambiguity in the absence of history and context. A third survey will study the effect of the addition of contextual information.     

类比推理在侦查工作中的应用

类比推理是科学研究中常用的方法之一,也是人们发现和认识新事物的方法之一。在侦查工作中,类比推理发挥着非常重要的作用。侦查工作需要综合思维能力,更需要富有想象力的类比推理。     

颈椎损伤的伤残等级及“三期”法医学评定——附64例分析

目的探讨交通事故致颈椎损伤后伤残等级和休息、护理、营养时限的法医学鉴定,以及颈部损伤、原有疾患与后遗症之间因果关系法医学鉴定的原则与方法。方法收集64例颈椎损伤的伤残等级鉴定案例,对相关资料/数据进行统计分析。收集交警部门反馈的涉及伤病关系案件的处理结果,了解案件双方当事人对鉴定结论的认可程度。结果随着对颈椎损伤后伤残评定案件中原发病的认识逐渐增加,相应颈椎损伤涉及伤病关系鉴定的案件也日益增多;在受理的颈椎损伤伤病关系案件中,均按照伤病关系理论进行鉴定,案件处理机关（交通警察）以及双方当事人对鉴定结论均表示满意。结论对于各种颈椎损伤进行伤残等级和“三期”鉴定的案例,由于损伤机制不同,自身原有颈椎健康程度不同,所造成的后果也不尽相同,鉴定中应考虑原有疾病对伤残等级的影响。