单核细胞增生李斯特菌野毒株prfA基因的克隆及其分子特征分析

利用PCR技术对单核细胞增生李斯特菌(LM)TA野毒株prfA基因进行扩增,将其克隆后测序,并对该分离株prfA基因及其编码蛋白进行分子特征和遗传变异分析。结果显示,TA株prfA基因全长为714bp,编码237个氨基酸。通过对推导的prfA蛋白氨基酸序列结构域分析发现,该蛋白从N端到C端分别包括1个β-环结构域(18～97aa)、1个α-螺旋构成的C区(110～136aa)、1个α-螺旋构成的D区(136～155aa)、1个由螺旋-转角-螺旋构成的HTH结构域(170～196aa)和1个由α-螺旋构成的亮氨酸拉链G区结构域(211～237aa)。通过对GenBank中登录的35株分离株prfA基因遗传变异分析发现,不同地域分离株的prfA基因在核苷酸水平以点突变为主;TA株第197位氨基酸由赖氨酸(Lys,K)突变为天冬氨酸(Asn,N)。     

Bruised Inside Out: The Adverse and Abusive Life Histories of Incarcerated Women as Pathways to PTSD and Illicit Drug Use

The majority of incarcerated women who suffer from diverse traumatic life histories including abusive home lives and intimate partner violence (IPV), develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and struggle with heavy illicit drug use. While many have offered examinations of these relationships, the current study is among the first to utilize an integrated feminist pathways and general strain theory (GST) approach to explain them. Using data from a stratified random sample of all incarcerated women in Oklahoma (N = 334), we explore the links between, adverse childhood experiences, including physical, sexual, emotional, and childhood neglect, IPV, PTSD, and heavy illicit drug use. Our findings indicate that the effects of IPV on heavy illicit drug use are mediated by PTSD symptoms suggesting that PTSD plays a significant role in the pathway to illicit drug use among Oklahoma women prisoners. Implications for the importance of utilizing an integrated feminist pathways and GST approach in future research are offered.     

番鸭细小病毒弱毒株VP2基因的分子克隆与序列测定

将番鸭细小病毒(MDPV)强毒Q株经番鸭胚连续传代,获得致弱株MDPV-26.根据已发表的MDPV的全基因序列,设计了1对引物LHMP7/LHMP8,同时在这2条引物中分别加入2种限制性核酸内切酶SacⅡ和KpnⅠ的酶切位点.应用PCR技术扩增了MDPV-26株的VP2基因片段.将扩增后的基因片段重组到pMD18-T质粒载体上,并对插入片段进行序列测定.测序结果表明,弱毒株MDPV-26与强毒株MDPV-Q的VP2基因序列相同率达99.7%,与国外分离株的同源性为98.3%,说明强、弱毒株的VP2基因序列变化不大.     

IBV青岛腺胃分离株S1纤突蛋白基因的克隆与鉴定

参考Genebank发表的传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV)S1纤突蛋白基因序列,自行设计合成了1对引物,对IBV青岛腺胃分离株(SD/97/02)RNA进行RT-PCR扩增.产物经琼脂糖凝胶电泳分析,呈现1条1657 bp的条带,将其克隆入pMD18-T载体中,并进行序列测定,证实为S1基因.将此重组质粒命名为pMDQXS1.     

Mean Streets Revisited: Assessing the Generality of Rival Criminological Theories

The vast majority of tests of major criminological theories have been conducted on youths in school settings. Following Hagan and McCarthy’s (1997) admonition to engage in “street criminology,” the current study surveyed 254 juveniles drawn mainly from impoverished neighborhoods in Uruguay, who were either confined or in an alternative justice program. Due to limited literacy skills, all youths were interviewed regarding theoretical measures and their delinquent involvement. The results revealed that self-control was unrelated to delinquency in this sample. By contrast, social learning factors and stressful life events were found to increase delinquent participation. The results suggest that the effects of the field’s core theories are general, accounting for as much or more variation in the sample of street youths as among youths attending conventional U.S. schools. The policy implications of the findings are explored.     

高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征活疫苗的研制

将高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒致弱株TJM株与耐热冻干保护剂混合制备弱毒活疫苗,并对该活疫苗进行安全性、免疫保护效果和保存期试验。结果显示,4～5周龄仔猪接种该疫苗后体温正常,无任何临床可见异常。该疫苗接种猪对强毒攻击的保护率达4/5以上;将其置于2～8℃保存24个月,病毒效价降低不超过100.5 TCID50/mL。表明该疫苗对猪安全,免疫保护效果良好,且便于保存。     

刺囊酸微生物转化菌株的初步筛选

目的 从自然界选出不同类型的菌种,并筛选可以转化刺囊酸的菌株.方法 用微生物对刺囊酸进行转化,筛选出能转化刺囊酸的菌种,采用薄层色谱法(thin layer chromatography,TLC)和高效液相色谱法(high performance liquid chromatography,HPLC)检测转化反应的发生...     

Sexual Assault Victimization,Fear of Sexual Assault,and Self-Protective Behaviors: A Test of General Strain Theory

According to Agnew’s General Strain Theory, many individuals who experience strain are more likely to engage in crime or become delinquent. To date, past research has examined the relationship between victimization and fear of crime, as well as the corresponding relationship between fear of crime and self-protective behaviors. Yet, the mediating role fear of sexual assault may have in accounting for the association between prior sexual assault victimization and self-protective behaviors has not been evaluated. The current study addresses this gap in the literature using data collected from a random sample of college students from 12 universities in the United States. The results indicated that the relationship between prior sexual assault victimization and self-protective behavior is partially mediated by fear of sexual assault. The study concludes with a discussion of implications and limitations, as well as directions for future research.     

Cyberbullying Among Adolescents: A General Strain Theory Perspective

Cyber bullying has become more pervasive as a result of advances in communication technology such as email, text messaging, chat rooms, and social media sites. Despite the growth in research on correlates associated with engagement in cyber bullying, few studies test the applicability of criminological theories to explain engagement in cyber bullying. This study applies data from the 2009/2010 Health Behavior in School-Aged Children (HBSC) study to examine whether individual and social factors associated with general strain theory explain why children engage in cyber bullying. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify significant factors associated with engagement in cyber bullying. The multivariate logistic regression results show that students who experienced strain engage in cyber bullying. The regression analysis also shows a positive relationship between participation in traditional bullying and engagement in cyber bullying.     

GENERAL STRAIN,STREET YOUTH AND CRIME: A TEST OF AGNEW'S REVISED THEORY*

Using a sample of homeless street youth, this research examines how specific forms of strain–emotional abuse, physical abuse, sexual abuse, homelessness and being a victim of robbery, violence or theft, relative deprivation, monetary dissatisfaction and unemployment–lead to crime and drug use. It also explores how strain is conditioned by deviant peers, deviant attitudes, external attributions, self‐esteem and self‐efficacy. The results reveal that all ten types of strain examined can lead to criminal behavior either as main effects or when interacting with conditioning variables. The results are discussed in light of general strain theory and suggestions are offered for future research on this topic.