Forensic Potential of MMPs and CC Chemokines for Wound Age Determination

In this study, we investigated time-dependent expression of matrix metalloproteases (MMP)-2, MMP-9, chemokine CC motif ligand (CCL)-2, CCL-3, CCL-5, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α mRNA at the skin injury site and sought their forensic potentials during the skin wound repair process. The tested wound ages in 42 mouse skin wounds were distributed at 0d, 1d, 3d, 5d, 7d, 10d, and 14d, respectively and then followed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Ultimately, MMP-2 played an important role in the inflammation phase. On the contrary, MMP-9 became involved at a later phase during wound healing. Meanwhile, CCL-2 and CCL-3 were active throughout almost all of the process. However, CCL-5 mRNA had no significance. Collectively, an MMP-9/MMP-2 ratio of over 0.84 indicated that skin wound healing age was strongly 5 days or less. So elevated gene expressions of cytokines and chemokines in different phases of wound ages implied that combined exploration could make wound age determination more accurate and objective.     

我国连锁超市核心竞争力的构建研究

我国连锁超市在外资零售企业大量进入中国市场的情况下,需要学习和借鉴国外连锁超市先进的管理经营经验,从供应链整合和管理出发,通过开发自有品牌来提升连锁超市形象,加强超市的企业文化建设,逐步挖掘我国连锁超市的核心竞争能力。     

聚合酶链反应检测绵羊肺炎霉形体的研究

参照基因库中已发表的绵羊肺炎霉形体Y98株的 1 6SrDNA序列 ,设计合成了 1对引物 ,建立了聚合酶链反应 (PCR)检测绵羊肺炎霉形体的方法。结果显示 ,所建立的PCR能特异扩增绵羊肺炎霉形体的DNA ,而对照的菌株均为阴性 ;其敏感性可达 1pg。经对绵羊肺炎霉形体分离株HD 1的扩增产物进行测序 ,并与绵羊肺炎霉形体标准株Y98的 1 6SrDNA序列进行比较 ,发现有 6个碱基的差异     

Introducing Value Chain Stewardship (VCS)

After a decade of international negotiations to limit greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, a sufficient number of countries have ratified the Kyoto agreement. However, even with this positive development there is a formidable challenge since, according to the World Resource Institute (WRI 2004), For the most part, developed nations have failed to attain the non-binding emission reductions they committed to in the original climate treaty in 1992. Ensuring adherence to the reductions stated in the treaty by these nations may become an immense managerial task, not to mention the enforcement of sanctions. Instead of national emission targets the approach of this paper is to focus on trade within selected industry sectors – i.e. housing and transport – responsible for most of the world’s GHG emissions. This paper shows that vehicle manufacturers – the design owners – may use their information advantages to influence customers to focus on other aspects of the vehicle than costs during use. Expanding the environmental responsibility of the design owners to coincide with the area of environmental impacts will convert emissions cost into a production cost. It is indicated in this paper that when applying the estimated costs for GHG emissions to the vehicle user, strong enough incentives are not given to drive technological change, but if the responsibility is allocated to the design owner the very same additional costs will be an incentive for the designer to use its information advantage to innovate away from those emissions-rendering technologies. A value chain stewardship (VCS) is, thus, established.     

浅析战略成本管理中的价值链分析

价值链分析是战略成本管理中的一项重要内容.它主要包括产业价值链分析,竞争对手价值链分析,价值链与成本分析等.     

“三队一室”运作模式的警务价值评析

公安派出所工作是公安基层基础建设中最重要的一环。派出所“三队一室”警务模式改革,着力解决长期困扰基层派出所工作运行中的警力难以下沉、机构设置不合理、职能分配不明确、勤务效率不高、防范不到位、打击不及时等突出问题,保证了基层基础工作在“大防范”中基础性、先导性的战略地位,有利于实现统一、高效、完整的现代警务运行机制。     

信息系统在供应链与物流系统中的战略价值

信息系统是企业组织的神经系统 ,在供应链的环境下 ,信息系统的应用改进和强化了企业物流、资金流及信息流集成管理。信息系统在供应链和物流系统中具有五大战略价值 :实现供应链管理战略 ,提高企业核心竞争力 ;推动业务流程重组 ,促进供应链企业组织结构优化 ;有效降低物流成本 ,提高物流服务效率和服务水平 ;信息系统是企业辅助决策、经营管理的重要工具 ;物流信息系统推动供应链一体化管理 ,提高整体管理水平和竞争力。