A Normative Approach to the Quistclose Trust

This is the first article to undertake a sustained analysis of normative justifications for the Quistclose trust. Whilst much of the existing writing on this topic has focused on the better classification of such trusts – for instance, whether they are express, resulting, constructive or sui generis – this article asks why the law should recognise a trust in addition to any underlying legal relationship. Four key justifications are addressed, based on respecting party intention, unconscionability, fairness, and the incentivisation of desirable transactions. It will be argued that: (i) there are difficulties with each of these justifications, although an intention‐focused explanation is probably the most convincing; and (ii) the existing law and commentary lacks coherence and consistency, as seen in the mismatch between normative and doctrinal analysis, and the failure to properly address the ramifications of the Quistclose trust during insolvency.     

Meet the Narco: increased competition among criminal organisations and the explosion of violence in Mexico

Several previous studies have found that interventions by security forces against criminal organisations result in increased violence related to organised crime. However, much less is known about how and why this effect occurs. Our study not only identifies the causal mechanisms that explain this outcome, but also evaluates the empirical validity of these mechanisms. Employing a novel data set, we find that following security-force intervention, the number of criminal organisations increases, and such greater fragmentation in turn raises the incidence of violence among criminal organisations as the relative power of the organisations changes. We employ a mediation model to verify the existence of these causal mechanisms. In addition, we find a decreasing rate of rise in levels of violence as the number of organisations increases.     

CURRENT TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE CHINESE SOCIAL SECURITY SYSTEM FOR PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES

The Law on the Protection of Disabled Persons is the first social security legislation in China, with more than 50 laws directly related to the legal protection of the rights of persons with disabilities and career development for people with disabilities. In terms of employment protections for people with disabilities, it is important to focus on effective legal implementation, utilizing legal rulings to limit employment discrimination against people with disabilities. Educational protections are an important precondition for enabling people with disabilities to live with dignity; it should be guaranteed that people with disabilities are provided “reasonable accommodation” in educational conditions. A barrier-free environment is a necessary condition for social integration of people with disabilities. At the same time, it also benefits other members of the society such as the elderly. Through rehabilitation and exercise, most people with disabilities can return to the society to a significant degree. China should gradually expand the legislative scope of rehabilitation service fee reductions and legal categories of auxiliary appliances, issuing guiding documents that provide specifications for the relevant “dormant” legal provisions.     

公安院校信息安全专业特色化建设研究

保障网络世界的信息安全,构建良好的信息安全保障体系,需要大量的信息安全专业人才,高校开设信息安全专业培养专业人才是非常重要的。本文论述了培养信息安全人才的迫切性,信息安全专业的现状,重点阐述了公安院校信息安全专业特色化建设的若干问题。     

黄黄高速公路交通安全问题及对策研究

黄(石)黄(梅)高速公路是湖北省上世纪末峻工的一条设计标准较高的道路。近年来,黄黄高速公路的交通流量逐年增加,安全情况总体平稳,但在特殊的气候条件和部分路段也发生了一些有影响的重、特大交通事故。在发生的事故中,其事故形态不同,事故原因不同,驾驶员情况不同,天气情况不同。     

公安院校素质教育再思考

培养和训练高素质的人民警察,是公安院校一切工作的出发点和落脚点,而要实现这一目标,必须全面推行素质教育。公安院校素质教育有其独特的内涵,即强调培养具有专业知识的实用性人才,强调培养崇高的职业道德和职业精神,强调培养良好的身心素质和职业素养。公安院校实施素质教育必须注意的问题:把德育放在首位,注重学生个性发展,培养学生良好的心理素质,培养学生的创新能力,建设高素质的教师队伍和学生管理干部队伍。素质教育的根本目的:要使学生学会做人,学会做事。     

公安院校实验教学管理体制及教学内容研究

公安院校专业特殊,实验室建设起步较晚,传统的管理模式严重制约了公安高等教育的发展。公安院校实验室管理体制应是在主管校长的领导下,成立实验室专门管理机构,建立以校级中心实验室为龙头,系级综合实验室为主体,教研室研究应用型实验室为补充;以实验教学为主,融实验教学、科研、实际办案于一体的多功能综合性实验室管理体制。     

人民监督员制度有关问题探析

人民监督员制度体现了司法民主,是修补现存制度性缺陷的有意义的努力。该制度在监督员的构成、监督范围、监督员组织形式、监督程序的设置等方面均有值得进一步研究的问题。建议通过立法确认和加强人民监督员制度的外部性,并实行监督意见附卷移送制度。     

数字时代著作权集体管理制度的反思与重构

《著作权集体管理条例》的颁布实施,是数字时代到来和网络不断扩张的必然结果。一个结构合理的著作权集体管理制度可以有效地平衡著作权人、网络传播者及公众等多方面的利益。作为一种新的制度,著作权集体管理制度还有很多问题需要我们的反思与重构。     

论弱势群体的社会保障

弱势群体的保护需要法律制度的保障。本文分析了弱势群体的概念,指出了保护弱势群体的重要性和必要性,并提出了建立健全弱势群体社会保障制度的初步构想。