债权形式主义下物权行为有限存在之三维分析及立法建构

民法学界关于物权行为的讨论并未系统、深入,从事实、规范、价值三维角度分析债权形式主义下 应有物权行为的有限存在空间,且和债权行为一样均可单独引发物权变动,但不存在独立性与无 因性问题,并提出了立法建构模式。     

论良法的恶性循环

人们崇尚良法,期冀良法之治,却在翘首与热望中忘却了良法亦需适宜的土壤。当良法出台后,因土壤导致的“水土不服”很可能让良法之良本身遭到质疑,这是令人尴尬的一种真实。良法如果遭遇故意误读,在司法中将会陷入一种可怕的恶性循环。从这一视角解析实践中的许多案例,能使我们揭开隐于表象后的本质,同时打开索解之结。     

物化观与马克思问题域逻辑转换

物化观是解答当代价值观的一个核心问题。马克思的物化观有一个从早期费尔巴哈人本主义理性批判到实践唯物主义经济分析的问题域逻辑转换过程 ,对物化观的经济分析是马克思主义价值观确立的基础。物化实质上体现了作为商品的劳动产品在资本主义利益关系下对主体 (劳动者 )生存和发展的一种否定关系。正如消灭异化要以生产力高度发展为前提一样 ,只有适应生产力的发展要求 ,改变滋生物化的特殊经济利益关系 ,建构一个用公共的生产资料进行劳动的自由人联合体 ,劳动 (实践 )创造的产品才会体现对主体 (人 )生存和发展的肯定关系。这就是马克思物化观问题域逻辑转换的价值指归。而卢卡奇把物化从经济因素中剥离出来 ,按黑格尔理性革命观的图式将其提升为马克思主义哲学的核心概念 ,它无疑为一切把客观的经济利益关系当作价值事实的唯意志主义提供了理论支持。     

公司对外担保效力的实务解读

《担保法解释》暗含禁止公司为股东与个人债务提供担保之意。在中福实业公司担保案中最高人民法院的思路是:股东会决议通过的公司为公司股东债务提供担保有效。在幸福实业担保案中最高人民法院的立场是:公司股东会决议通过的公司为公司股东债务提供担保也一律无效。最高人民法院在公司对外担保效力问题的立场有些含混。     

TESTS OF NONLINEAR DYNAMICS IN U.S. HOMICIDE TIME SERIES,AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS*

Attempts to explain temporal patterns in U.S. homicide data usually assume that a linear process accounts for the variation. A nonlinear process is an obvious alternative, however, and reasonable arguments suggest that nonlinearity may in part underlie homicide series dynamics. This paper applies tests for nonlinearity to national time series of homicide rates and counts. The results provide relatively little evidence of nonlinear structure; instead, a linear (random walk) process appears to generate most of the change in the series. Although this supports the unstated assumptions of current theories, it also raises questions about why homicides should follow a linear time path in the first place.     

The GMO food arena in the EU (1998–2001)

A highly politicised arena in the EU has been caused by the 1998 Commission legislative proposal with regard to genetically modified organisms (GMOs). The debate over different interests became more intense. During the EU decision‐making process concerning GMOs, two larger coalitions cutting across institutions and countries waged the fight: one was led by industry and was in favour of GMOs and the other was against and mainly rooted in nongovernmental lobby groups. In mid‐2001, the ‘anti’ movement had gained a (temporary) winning position. In an attempt to explain this, it was concluded that the industrial lobby has been nonchalant in its preparatory work for public affairs management, by not carefully studying the various stakeholders, issues, time developments and the boundaries of this arena. With the benefit of hindsight it can be seen that the industrial lobby itself has missed opportunities and made unforced errors. Copyright © 2003 Henry Stewart Publications     

鸭传染性腔上囊病毒VP2基因的克隆与序列分析

应用RT PCR法对分离于当地典型发病鸭群的鸭传染性腔上囊病毒 (IBDV )YL997株进行了VP2基因的克隆与序列分析 ,并和相关毒株进行了比较。结果表明 ,YL997株与STC株的核苷酸和氨基酸同源性只有 92 .5 %和 91.8% ,与超强毒株UK6 6 1的核苷酸和氨基酸同源性均为97.6 % ,而与当地鸡群中分离的超强毒株HN94 2的核苷酸和氨基酸同源性则高达 98.1%和98.4 % ,该毒株的VP2基因序列完全具备了超强毒株的主要特征。     

RACIAL–ETHNIC INTOLERANCE AND SUPPORT FOR CAPITAL PUNISHMENT: A CROSS-NATIONAL COMPARISON*

This article tests cross-nationally the minority group threat thesis that public sentiments toward repressive crime-control policies reflect conflicted racial and ethnic relations. Using multiple data sets representing France, Belgium, the Netherlands, East and West Germany, Italy, Luxembourg, Denmark, Great Britain, Greece, Spain, Finland, Sweden, Austria, Canada, Ireland, and Portugal, we examine whether racial and ethnic intolerance—animus, resentments, or negative sentiments toward minorities—predicts greater support for the death penalty. Our results reveal that the respondents were significantly more likely to express support for capital punishment if they were racially or ethnically intolerant while controlling for other covariates of public opinion. These findings indicate that the link between support for capital punishment and racial and ethnic animus may occur universally in countries with conflicted racial and ethnic relations.     

美国的“政治大棒”与德国的法律程序——后“9·11”时代,美德反恐国际合作第一案之解读

"9·11"事件后,德美看似亲密的反恐合作关系却在德国法院审判"9·11"事件中的国际恐怖嫌疑分子穆特萨迪格和穆祚迪案中陷入了困境。两国政府在反恐策略上的差异为这两个案件的结局规定了方向。德国政府部门拒绝向德国法院提供关键证据,损害了德国检察官的指控能力。美国政府拒绝与德国法院合作,则直接冒犯了德国法院的自尊。由于审判是在德国民众反对美国入侵伊拉克以及阿尔布莱格监狱丑闻之爆发的背景下进行的,德国公共舆论同情被告人,积极影响并支持了法院的判决。这两个案件可以视为德国法院及民众对布什政府所实施的反恐策略的一次大审判,判决结果是布什政府败诉。     

DNA commission of the International Society of Forensic Genetics: Recommendations on the interpretation of mixtures

The DNA commission of the International Society of Forensic Genetics (ISFG) was convened at the 21st congress of the International Society for Forensic Genetics held between 13 and 17 September in the Azores, Portugal. The purpose of the group was to agree on guidelines to encourage best practice that can be universally applied to assist with mixture interpretation. In addition the commission was tasked to provide guidance on low copy number (LCN) reporting. Our discussions have highlighted a significant need for continuing education and research into this area. We have attempted to present a consensus from experts but to be practical we do not claim to have conveyed a clear vision in every respect in this difficult subject. For this reason, we propose to allow a period of time for feedback and reflection by the scientific community. Then the DNA commission will meet again to consider further recommendations.