Water crises: political construction or physical reality?

Various definitions of water crises emerge from epistemic communities deploying a great disparity of methodologies and fundamental hypotheses. Scientists' perceptions of which power structures legitimately carry out water management affect their definition of a crisis, their capacity to ask questions and the manner they formulate them. This determines the stakes and the actors they can observe or the scale of analysis they find relevant. This leads some to recommend a ‘solution’ that appears to be a disaster to others. This article examines how three epistemic communities have each built their science by promoting very specific understandings of what is a water crisis. Proponents of the ‘global water crisis’ spawned Integrated Water Resources Management while proponents of the ‘municipal water crisis’ locked the perception of water equity within the Millennium Development Goals. Researchers on small-scale irrigation and property regimes have often disagreed with such recommendations, often presented as inevitable.     

推进舆论监督的三项举措

对浙江、湖北、云南三省的省报、地(市)报、县报舆论监督报道进行调查,发现报纸舆论监督的强度与人民群众对反腐败报道的要求极不相称。虽然舆论监督的开展存在不小的难度,但有些地区和媒体已经突破各种束缚,对舆论监督做出了积极有益的探索:制定舆论监督的法规,跨地域监督,党政组织切实支持舆论监督。     

19世纪中日知识分子危机意识比较研究

与日本知识分子的危机意识相比 ,中国知识分子的危机意识产生较晚 ,两者至少相差一个多世纪。就危机意识的深度而言 ,中国知识分子也远不如日本知识分子。并且 ,中国知识分子危机意识的发展经历了十分艰难曲折的过程。但是 ,他们的危机意识始终都是围绕着自己国家的富强、民族独立 ,摆脱外来侵略与欺凌而发展和深化的。而日本知识分子的危机意识在初萌时期 ,便伴随有对外侵略扩张的意识 ,并在争取摆脱外来危机的同时 ,逐步膨胀着对外侵略扩张意识 ,以至于为日本政府的侵略扩张政策摇旗呐喊 ,推波助澜 ,最终酿成悲剧     

“They might read a fly speck”: musical literacy as a discursive resource in Louis Armstrong's autobiographies

Jazz has been described as a music in which the “oral” element plays a crucial role, in opposition to Western “classical” music, seen as a chiefly “written” tradition. Although such an image is frequently advocated by critics and musicians themselves, it is also true that it can generate ambivalence and negative outputs, such as the persistent myth of “primitivism” and “naivety,” often associated with jazz music. Building on Social Semiotics and Critical Discourse Analysis, this study aims at analyzing how the representations of “orality” and “literacy,” that emerge in some autobiographical narratives by Louis Armstrong, are generated, and how they can work as semiotic and discursive resources. It argues that the different depictions of musicians, and the attitude displayed toward musical literacy, are sensitive to the historical, societal, and political context in which texts have been produced and published, as well as to the narrator's willingness and ability to resist or subvert dominant discourses. Moreover, the characterization of a musician (or a category of musicians) as able or unable to access musical literacy can also serve local purposes, such as expressing the narrator's stance toward narrative characters.     

浅谈批评报道与舆论监督

在媒体手段日趋多样化,大众传媒已形成激烈竞争新格局的今天,只有全方位、多侧面地了解舆论监督、批评报道的历史和内涵,才能在实践中充分发挥二者的有效作用.     

我国侵权责任法知情同意条款评析

我国《侵权责任法》知情同意条款存在许多可资称道之处,比如,它明确了违反告知义务将导致侵权损害赔偿责任,坚持了“信息告知”与“诊断治疗”两种情境的区分,就医务人员的告知义务和例外做出了原则规定,没有赋予“法律、行政法规、规章以及其他有关诊疗规范的规定”以终局性。但是,它也有许多值得进一步完善之处,它需要进一步凸显知情同意规则的特质、明确信息披露的标准、启用“实质性信息”概念、紧缩“医疗特权”的适用范围。     

统一行政法理论基础之批判

行政法的理论基础是一个重要且有争议的问题。一直以来关于什么是行政法的理论基础的内涵与标准众说纷纭,“控权论”、“平衡论”、“服务论”都在极力标榜自己就是行政法的理论基础。但行政法其实根本就不存在统一的理论基础,只有一般意义的理论。我们并不否认研究行政法理论基础的意义,甚至对整体性的中国行政法具有重要影响。业已存在的诸多理论必将继续指导中国行政法的进步与发展,但需要重新界定作用领域。     

Carceral feminisms: the abolitionist project and undoing dominant feminisms

In this article we explore the intersections between white liberal feminisms and the carceral state, particularly within nonprofit agencies. We find a strong collusion between ‘dominating feminisms’ and the carceral state, through funding structures and the belief that the legal system can provide protection to victimized women. We use evidence from our own research on rape crisis centers and gender-responsive programming for criminalized women, respectively, to investigate how some nonprofit agencies further threaten the safety, stability, and self-determination of women of color, queer women, transgendered clients, economically disadvantaged women, and disabled women. As a result, when white liberal feminists seek to intervene in the criminal legal system, we often see reform efforts that directly strengthen institutions that perpetuate economic exploitation, colonialist notions of progress, and white supremacy. We conclude our article with an exploration of some guiding principles within noncarceral antiviolence organizations that espouse a liberatory feminist framework.     

Fighting with phantoms: a contribution to the debate on antisemitism in Europe

ABSTRACT

The point of departure of this paper is the polarization of ways of thinking about antisemitism in Europe, between those who see its recent resurgence and those that affirm its empirical marginalization and normative delegitimation. The historical question raised by this polarization of discourses is this: what has happened to the antisemitism that once haunted Europe? Both the current camps—‘alarmists’ and ‘deniers’, as they are sometimes known, or, perhaps more accurately, new antisemitism theorists and their critics—have the strength to challenge celebratory views of European civilization. One camp sees the return to Europe of an old antisemitism in a new and mediated guise. The other sees the return to Europe of a rhetoric of antisemitism that is not only anachronistic but also delusory and deceptive. Overshadowing this debate is the memory of the Holocaust and the continuing presence of the Israel–Palestine conflict. The aim of this paper is to get inside these discourses and deconstruct the dualism that generates homogenizing and stigmatizing typifications on either side. The spirit of Hannah Arendt hovers over this work and the question of the meaning of her legacy runs through the text.     

The idea of a Southern Criminology

Southern Criminology is a theoretical perspective that shifts the focus from the state criminal justice process to global inequalities, transnational crime, and postcolonial politics. While recognising the importance of this shift in perspective for a globalising world, this paper asks two difficult questions. Firstly, how easy is it to generalise about whole regions of the world in advancing a political viewpoint? Secondly, is it possible for those in the West to imagine an alternative global criminology, if non-Western societies really do have different cultural values and epistemologies? For example, how should we respond to traditional practices among Indigenous Australians or a Confucian understanding of crime? These questions may make a Southern Criminology sound impossible in the same way as other varieties of critical theory. But this paper is intended to strengthen this emerging movement by acknowledging, and working through, potential difficulties.