直接民主制的困境和代议制民主的防护保障机制

直接民主制作为民主的一种实现形式,是人类政治文明发展史上的一项伟大创举。然而,随着人类历史的发展以及民族国家的兴起,直接民主制从政治实践到理论本身都面临着困境。代议制民主的产生为民主车轮继续前行注入新的动力。但是,代议制民主自身同样也面临着天然的或衍生的缺陷,必须为其构建防护机制,以保障其有效运行。     

“被时代”引发的关于信息权的思考

近两年,网络上不断出现"被"词语,"被时代"来临,无论是被自杀,被代表,还是"被自愿"都表现出了话语权弱势一方的无奈,透过现象看本质,被时代的出现也折射出当今信息时代社会传播的失衡,政府、媒介和公民之间的传播链条出现症结,引起我们的深刻反思。政府与媒介,政府与公众,媒介与公众之间的关系需要改善和协调,从而促进信息民主的实现。     

干部选拔任用过程中规范和建立优先条件制度的探索

本文以河南省Z市干部选拔任用过程中业绩优先条件制度的探索为例,研究干部选拔任用的创新途径。该市在选拔任用干部过程中,根据干部使用导向设置了全局性优先条件、岗位优先条件和综合素质优先条件,分类制定了各项优先条件的标准和认定办法,严格将优先条件与干部选拔任用相结合,在实践中取得了良好的效果。     

由环境群体性事件看我国参与式民主建设

环境群体性事件是我国公众基于维护生态利益而采取的环保自力救济行为的典型表现,实际上环保自力救济行为也为我国参与式民主政治建设提供了新的视角,解决生态问题内在地包含于以生态为导向的社会主义政治文明建设的理论逻辑与实践进程之中。有序的社会参与是建设社会主义政治文明和社会主义生态文明的双向要求和逻辑结合点,因此,在环境管理中引入社会参与机制,既是参与式民主理念在环境事务中的应用和深化,也是建设中国特色社会主义民主政治的现实选择。     

领导干部提拔模式对地方政府权力运行方向的影响

利用实证调查数据,通过交叉表分析,发现在提拔领导干部时,存在侧重考察"工作能力"与侧重考察"社会活动能力"两种模式,并且这两种模式对地方政府权力运行的集体决策的程度、为亲友用权、政府工作取向、决策偏好、政策执行取向有显著影响;通过探索性要素分析发现,领导干部提拔模式对政府权力运行方向的影响可以简化为"权力为整体利益服务"和"权力为小团体服务"两个方面;通过综合性结构方程模型分析验证了探索性分析的结论,表明领导干部选拔模式确实会对政府权力运行方向产生显著影响。同时发现:在提拔领导干部时,若强调后备人选的"能力和工作业绩"及"口碑",政府权力将更多地偏向于为公共利益服务;若"背景和关系"、"跑官买官"因素发生关键影响,政府权力则容易演变成为小团体牟利的工具。     

网络话语权的公共领域特征与话语民主的实现

网络作为公共舆论的重要平台,使得公民的话语权在网络空间得到全新的实现。网络公共领域的话语表达所表现出的匿名性、开放性、互动性等特点,使得网络话语权的行使具有传统媒体无可比拟的优势,成为公民问责和实践话语民主的重要形式。     

《就业促进法》检视下的退役运动员人力资源开发研究

对退役运动员的就业保障和安置面临一定的政策和法律困境。对退役运动员就业保障的研究,首先应着眼于基于什么样的法理和法律根据来保障其就业。实际上,退役运动员的现实状况,符合《就业促进法》中特殊就业人群的外观,在法理上也能够解释。以退役运动员作为特殊就业人群的法律地位所作的制度设计和保障,才在法理上能立足、在制度上有根由、在效力上有根据,并最终达到较好地保障退役运动员就业权之目标。     

The Unruly Past: History and Historiography of the 1932 Thai Revolution

ABSTRACT

The monarchy and the country’s military dominate discussions of Thai political history. The country’s democratic history meanwhile is much less well known. To many people, historiography – the history of the writing of history – is a dull affair that only concerns academics. But the changing representations of the origins of democracy in the 1932 revolution that ended the absolute monarchy show the politics of history as a continuous problem that still shapes Thai society. The interpretations have been bound to the bitter partisanship that has accompanied a history of political instability. This article examines the changing interpretations of 1932 in their historical contexts and demonstrates the central antagonism towards the ideal of popular sovereignty, despite its long history in the country, that is still held by the military and monarchic elite.     

Post‐conventional Political Cultures via Processes of Direct Democracy: Theoretical Considerations Based on Jürgen Habermas and Lawrence Kohlberg

In this article, it is proposed to differentiate political cultures in two dimensions. First, inspired by Habermas' distinction of the contents of discourse, a distinction is suggested between moral, ethical‐political and pragmatic elements of political culture as well as of an element of culture of balancing interests. Second, inspired by Kohlberg's stage models for the development of the individual moral consciousness and for moral culture, a distinction is similarly suggested between two pre‐conventional, two conventional and two post‐conventional collective stages of political culture. It can be shown that from a normative point of view, only deliberations made in a post‐conventional political culture can produce reasonable or at least fair results. Conceptual considerations indicate processes of direct democracy as the method for promoting post‐conventional political cultures. The more liberty that the citizens have to formulate and trigger processes of direct democracy, the more one can expect from them to generate post‐conventional political cultures.