Analysis and discrimination of electrical tapes: part II. Backings

The backings of 90 black electrical tapes were analyzed to evaluate the chemical components of these films, the ability of individual techniques to discriminate samples, and the ability of the techniques combined to distinguish samples. The techniques utilized and their respective discrimination results were stereomicroscopy and physical measurements, to include observation of surface features of the backing, width, and thickness measurements (c. 64%); Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) using a microscope accessory (c. 83%); pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS; c. 81%); and scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive spectroscopy (SEM/EDS; c. 87%). Ninety-four percent of the backings were discriminated through this combination of analytical methods. Finally, evaluating these results in conjunction with previously published data on the analysis of the adhesives from the same set of electrical tapes provided an overall discrimination of nearly 96%.     

劳动权的平等保护及禁止就业歧视的法律思考

目前我国社会就业歧视现象愈演愈烈,劳动权作为公民的基本权利之一,其内在包含的就业平等权要求禁止就业歧视,因此禁止就业歧视是劳动权的题中之义。本文将以劳动权的平等保护为出发点,界定就业歧视的概念和主要表现形式,论述禁止就业歧视的必要性。我国禁止就业歧视的相关立法存在不足,应从立法、执法、司法三方面完善禁止就业歧视、维护劳动者的就业平等权的法律保障。     

知识产权担保融资及其经济后果研究

知识产权担保形式的财产权质押说已经为我国的法律所固定下来,但在理论上仍存在争议.争论的经济后果之一,是作为担保物的知识产权容易遭受歧视,从而降低了知识产权的实际融资能力,不利于知识产权的全面利用.对知识产权担保物的歧视问题可以在理论上得到解释,但要解决这个问题,首先是要恢复人们对知识产权担保价值的信心.这样,基于估价政策的解决歧视问题的思路由此产生.     

论人权公约中的禁止歧视

禁止歧视是联合国人权公约的重要内容,反对歧视的斗争也是联合国人权活动的中心,人权法与人权理论必须认真对待歧视的问题。歧视的核心规定性是“不合理的和主观的区分”,在人权公约中,禁止歧视有双重属性,既是附属性的,又是独立的。禁止歧视的理论基础是平等,核心是获得法律平等保护的权利。平等权的法律保障有积极和消极两个方面,国家负有不歧视的义务并有义务采取积极行动使人们免于歧视。     

The sexual harassment and exploitation in employment as a manifestation of discrimination in a workplace

＂Sexual harassment＂ is a key-word used for determining the most different behaviours. In the past Polish legal system there were no terms of harassment, sexual harassment or mobbing, but nowadays those terms have legal definitions in Polish law. The sexual harassment at the work according to the Polish Labour Code is defined as not-accepted behaviour about sexual character or referring to the sex of an employee, of which infringing an employee＇s dignity or humiliating her or him is a purpose or an effect of it. The sexual harassment is a form of harassment. The sexual harassment can be classified not only as a violation of labour laws but also as a prohibited act within the meaning of criminal law or civil law delict. The Sexual harassment can be a single behavior or can also occur as a sequence of behavior. This must be the unacceptable behaviour by a particular victim （not by reference to a standard employee, and generally prevailing standards）. The lack of consent must be expressed in some way on the outside by verbal opposition or demonstrated that opposition in other ways, such as pushing back the perpetrator. Behavior of the offender must be deliberate and intentional and the effect as that does not necessarily has to occur because it is enough to just act intentional. The sexual harassment can include physical, verbal or non-verbal elements. A sequence of behaviour （several activities） which accomplish characteristics of sexual harassment and in addition realize the condition of permanence and durability can also fulfill the characteristics of mobbing.     

LC—MS／MS法测定蓝色圆珠笔油墨中的碱性染料

目的建立蓝色圆珠笔油墨中碱性染料的LC—MS／MS方法,为蓝色圆珠笔油墨的种类鉴别提供方法。方法用二级质谱寻找并确定结晶紫、甲基紫、维多利亚蓝B、碱性紫14、碱性蓝7和罗丹明B等碱性染料的特征性母离子／子离子对。收集50种蓝色圆珠笔．划线后对其笔道用0．5mm直径打孔器取样,乙腈超声提取。液相分离采用WatersXBridgeC18柱。流动相为0．1％甲酸缓冲液（A）-乙腈（B）,梯度程序洗脱。结果4个点的取样量足以满足检测需要,采用相对峰面积的定量方法．结果重现性好．RSD％≤2．3％。应用该方法对50种蓝色圆珠笔油墨中的碱性染料进行检测,区分率为94．4％。结论所建LC—MS／MS方法定性准确,定量可靠,为蓝色圆珠笔油墨的种类鉴别提供了方法。     

浅析变性的原因与变性人法律保障的缺失——聚焦《变性手术技术管理规范（征求意见稿）》

在今天,变性这个词对于我们来说已不再陌生,日前,卫生部发布了《变性手术技术管理规范（征求意见稿）》（以下简称《意见稿》）,对实施变性手术,在承接变性手术的医院、实施变性手术的医师以及接受变性手术的患者资格审查方面加以规范。这个意见稿在一定层面上肯定了变性手术的合法性与必要性。文章通过比较易性癖与同性恋、易性癖与易装癖、变性人与人妖的本质区别,进而分析变性的原因、手术成功的标准、纠纷解决的途径、医院伦理委员会的成员资格等问题,并且对术后变性人的性别更改、婚姻子女、职业选择等社会家庭问题提出法律保障建议。     

期许与无奈——辛亥女性参政问题的性别化透视

辛亥革命时期,我国女性解放从对人格平等的憧憬开始向着政治觉醒的方向转化。女国民意识是这一时期女性政治意识觉醒的重要标识和女权运动的主要内容。女性革命先驱们期许革命时尽国民之责任,也期待革命成功后与男子共享国民之权利。南京临时政府成立,女性心怀憧憬,提出了女子参政的要求,并为此掀起了民初的女子参政运动。但女子参政要求不仅遭到了袁世凯北京临时政府的否决,在以孙中山为首、由革命派控制的南京临时政府也没有获得通过。女子参政运动的失败,体现着鲜明的性别歧视面相,也与女性的弱势与性别认识上的误区密切相关。     

辅音的声学特征在声纹鉴定中的应用研究

针对汉语普通话辅音的声学特征进行个体特性的声学研究,提取能量集中区、过渡音征、送气辅音的嗓音起始时间值等三种特征参数,以最终确定它们能否作为稳定的个体特征参数在声纹鉴定中应用。     

Antisemitic and anti-Israel actions and attitudes in Canada and internationally: a research agenda

ABSTRACT

Brym’s article critically reviews data and the small body of published research on the relationship between antisemitic and anti-Israel attitudes in Canada and internationally with the aim of identifying key questions that Canadian and non-Canadian researchers who are interested in this contentious issue might profitably address. It derives a series of hypotheses from the literature review and discusses methodological approaches to testing them.