人民调解工作方法与效果探究

长期以来,人民调解工作在解决纠纷、维护社会稳定方面发挥了不可替代的作用。特别是21世纪以来,人民调解工作通过创新发展取得了很大的成绩。然而民间纠纷数量巨大、纠纷千差万别,为人民调解工作的有效发挥带来了许多困难,但是人民调解工作的方式与方法并非没有规律可以遵循。在对民间纠纷进行充分分析的基础上,总结与梳理人民调解工作的基本方式方法,以提升人民调解工作的效果。     

论婚后父母出资为子女购房的产权归属及离婚分割

有关婚后父母出资为子女购房的产权归属与离婚分割,目前的司法规定存在多重标准、逻辑混乱的现象。基于夫妻共享利益与逐渐融合的两大婚姻本质,本文提出:我国夫妻财产制度应将父母赠与子女的财产视为个人财产,而个人财产在离婚时按累进比例分与对方。如此规定既可保障父母财产不因子女离婚而受损,又能激励婚姻的长期性和稳定性,保护夫妻共享利益。     

A Theory Matrix for Mediators

The author uses a behavioral perspective to survey theory that may be useful in mediation. He notes the lack of diffusion of knowledge of theory among practitioners and argues that mediators should pay more explicit attention to theory. He presents a matrix comprising the behavioral factors of perception, emotion, cognition, communication, and intervention at the micro, meso, and macro levels of conflict and uses this matrix to organize and review some mediation theories. Several types of intervention theory are identified: integrated, generic, dialectical, developmental, and dialogical. The article closes by posing some outstanding theoretical issues and questioning whether current mediator training programs are adequate to bridge the gap between theory and practice.     

Mediation and Culture: The Example of the ICC International Commercial Mediation Competition

The International Commercial Mediation Competition is organized by the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) in Paris, which held the event for the eighth time in February 2013. As the competition has grown, participation has become more and more diverse and thus mediation and negotiation have become more and more cross‐cultural. This led the ICC to invite external research on culture at the competition in February 2011. In this article, I discuss this student competition, the external research project question, and the culture of the competition. I also identify some of the further cultural issues raised by referring to relevant research on conflict and mediation across cultures, and conclude with some thoughts on how better to conceptualize the field of cross‐cultural mediation in terms of a systems approach.     

调解的正当性与正当的调解

调解与中国传统文化一脉相承,符合中国人和为贵的大众心理,因此,调解具有正当性,是中国人的自然选择。当前,调解作为纠纷解决的模式受到了前所未有的重视,但调解应坚持依法自愿和能调则调该判则判的原则,防止一刀切。     

“枫桥经验”的解纷功能简论

枫桥经验历经五十年的发展,成为一种基层纠纷预防和解决的有效模式。枫桥经验通过网格化的组织建设,细致的档案管理,丰富的宣传教育,以及主动的纠纷预防和解决工作,形成了以党政带头,群众参与和预防教化,情理调解为特点的工作模式。多年的实践证明,枫桥经验这种政府-公民的互动模式取得了很好的社会效果。完善并推广枫桥经验,也是解决适用地区基层纠纷的有益尝试。     

我国治安调解制度的现状分析

我国的治安调解制度总体运行良好,但由于治安调解制度上还存在着一定的缺陷,导致在实际工作中还存在着主体角度冲突,调解工作缺乏严谨等问题。治安调解制度在新时期有必要进一步完善和发展,要加强治安调解的立法工作,加强调解人员的业务培训,提高调解效率,并完善其工作机制,为治安大局服务。     

人民调解的关系/事件和行动策略分析

人民调解是个复杂的构成体,它表面上是对个别纠纷的解决,实质上是对社会关系的一次重新梳理。每个纠纷的解决都不是我们表面上所看上去的那么简单,有众多因素在背后影响着人民调解的进行。我们重点从关系/事件的分析角度入手,找出其背后的影响因素和行动策略,进而为人民调解的发展提供一定的建议。     

The Impact of Gender and Department Climate on Job Satisfaction and Intentions to Quit for Faculty in Science and Engineering Fields

This study investigates whether gender and the perceptions of department climate affects faculty job satisfaction and intentions to quit (work outcomes) with surveys responses from 308 faculty members in science and engineering fields. The study finds that both gender and department climate are related to work outcomes and that two facets of department climate (affective and instrumental) mediate the relationship between gender and both job satisfaction and intention to quit. This finding suggests that universities can benefit from improving department climate, which then may improve the retention of both male and female faculty, but may have an even greater impact on improving job satisfaction and reducing intentions to quit of female faculty.     

民国南京政府时期的妇女离婚问题——以江苏省高等法院1927-1936年民事案例为例

民国南京政府时期,妇女在法律上拥有与男子平等的离婚权利,但是,从原因来看,妇女提出离婚诉求主要是因为男方的虐待、遗弃以及疾病,并且,在通奸问题上,男方与女方有明显不同的表现.妇女的离婚不仅受到了法律上证据问题的困扰,还受到社会文化因素的制约.在离婚后的妆奁与抚养费用上,妇女的合法权益一般得到了法院的保护.