应对国外反倾销的法律对策研究

我国商品遭受国外反倾销诉讼快速增加 ,原因主要有反倾销成为当代国际贸易中的主导壁垒、中国商品在国际市场的销售价格偏低、中国仍被视为非市场经济国家等。为应对国外反倾销 ,我国应采取如下对策 :优化出口产品结构 ,合理定价 ,防止低价竞销 ;尽快摆脱非市场经济国家的歧视性待遇 ;鼓励出口企业积极应诉 ;完善反倾销预警机制 ;加速反倾销专业人才的培育     

着力营造回族—穆斯林文化氛围——宁夏发展内陆开放型经济的一个视角

努力营造浓郁的回族—穆斯林文化氛围,是宁夏发展内陆开放型经济,把宁夏打造成中国面向穆斯林国家的经济文化交流中心的基础性工程,对于突出鲜明的回族特色和增强世界穆斯林国家的认同感有重要作用。为此,应当以显性化、普遍化、规模化、日常化为原则,以具有可视性的外在表现形式或载体为着力点,采取有力措施,从建筑风格、服装服饰、饮食居住、艺术文化、节日文化、文字语言等方面努力加强建设。     

共享经济用工中的劳动关系认定理论研究综述

共享经济发展迅猛,不仅吸纳了规模巨大的从业人员,而且其就业形态体现出与传统就业截然不同的特征。通过对中国知网上以共享经济用工为主题的30篇法学论文进行分析总结,可知当前的研究重点为网约工劳动关系的认定及其规制路径。对于众包型网约工与共享企业之间是否存在劳动关系,目前有否定说、肯定说、难以定性说三种观点。三种观点相应的规制路径分别为在劳动法外利用公私法的多种制度工具调整、纳入劳动法调整、在劳动者和自雇者之间设置中间类型特别调整。学界相关讨论已经达成了若干初步共识,但是对于更进一步的问题仍然存在着激烈的争论。     

Local Renewable Energy Initiatives in Germany and Japan in a Changing National Policy Environment

Our article explores the contribution of local initiatives to the creation of path dependencies for energy transition in Germany and Japan in the face of resistance from entrenched incumbents at the national level. We use a process‐tracing methodology based partly on interviews with local participants. In particular, we explore the role of local initiatives in securing “socio‐political space” for the expansion of renewable energy (RE) and in embedding themselves in “ecosystems” of public and private institutions. German energy activists were more successful than their Japanese counterparts in expanding this space and creating positive feedback in part because they were able to build horizontal networks that anchored the energy transition firmly in local communities. Although problems with grid technology have led to retrenchment in both cases, Japanese activists' reliance on vertical networks has limited their ability to weather a backlash from national government and utility actors. Our study demonstrates the interaction of political, economic/technological, and legitimation paths to energy transition and highlights the importance of the latter two.     

产业联盟与“能源诅咒”:委内瑞拉与俄罗斯的现代化“宿命”

古典经济学认为,能源大规模出口的财富效应有助于推动出口国的经济增长,然而20世纪70年代以来世界主要能源出口国经济增长普遍放缓甚至停滞的残酷现实表明,丰富的能源很可能并非推动经济增长的"祝福",而是拖累经济的"诅咒"。为了探讨诱使能源出口国陷入"能源诅咒"的原因及其作用机制,本文基于产业联盟理论建立了涵盖能源出口国现代化起点、政体类型、出口条件的分析框架,重点分析上述三个因素对能源产业联盟实力强弱的影响。通过对能源出口国主要政治与经济数据的定量分析以及对委内瑞拉和俄罗斯陷入"能源诅咒"的案例研究,本文发现,能源出口国的现代化起点较晚、实行威权政体、出口条件改善催生了强大的能源产业联盟,并巩固和扩大了其相较于其他产业联盟的实力差距。强大的能源产业联盟贡献了巨额税汇、提供了畸形补贴、左右了选举结果,由此诱使政府与政治家对其形成了病态的依赖,限制了其他产业的发展并最终拖累了经济增长。     

Opposing Energy Transitions: Modeling the Contested Nature of Energy Transitions in the Electricity Sector

Energy transitions are fiercely contested. The incumbents of the fossil‐ and nuclear‐based energy systems have much to lose from a transition to a sustainable and decentralized energy system. They therefore employ their material and political resources to reverse, halt, or slow down this transition. They also attempt to stop and reverse the decentralization of energy production. This article provides a framework that can be used to analyze the contestation that surrounds energy transitions. The analytical framework breaks apart the macro paths of energy transitions, and differentiates between three meso‐paths (political, economic‐technological, and legitimation), emphasizes the feedback processes between these paths, and acknowledges the crucial role that actors play in engendering these feedback processes. It uses Germany as a case study to illustrate the analytical model. It also provides hypotheses that will be tested in the subsequent contributions to this special issue.     

Street Trees,the Private Finance Initiative and Participatory Regeneration: Policy Innovation or Incompatible Perspectives

In common with other northern cities, Sheffield has experienced a dramatic reduction in funding from central government. Its response has been twofold. Firstly, to reduce the cost of service delivery, in part through augmenting or replacing public sector service provision through transfer to voluntary bodies and/or the private sector; the latter through private finance initiative (PFI) contracts. Secondly, the local authority has sought to promote economic regeneration through increased citizen involvement and participation. The problem for this combined strategy is that the two approaches have clashed over a previously underrated and overlooked area of public provision, namely the maintenance of street trees. Issues relating to the design of the contract, the economic imperative inherent within PFI contracts, initial reaction to popular protests, and reluctance to acknowledge the authority of alternative perspectives, have combined to undermine the salience of the participatory regeneration model for key sections of the local community.     

Classical Marxism and Maoism: A comparative study

The issue of the Marxist character of “Mao Zedong Thought” has never really been resolved. The present work is a comparative analysis of the classical Marxism of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels and the ideology of Mao Zedong. The argument is made that whatever Marxism there was in Maoism was the “creatively developed Marxism” of V. I. Lenin—which allowed for socialist revolution in retrograde economic circumstances—something that had been specifically rejected by Marx and Engels. That led to the theoretical idiosyncrasies that characterized Maoism throughout its history, and ultimately resulted in the form rejected by Deng Xiaoping and post-Maoist China.     

中国城乡经济失衡的成因及调整——基于县域经济分析

我国经济失衡表现为内外资结构不平衡、内外需求结构不平衡和城乡经济不平衡。我国经济失衡根源于由外资推动的以城市为中心经济发展模式。以城市为中心的发展模式推动经济的过快发展,并积累大量的社会经济问题。县域经济是我国城乡经济联系的纽带,在国际产业转移的背景下,发展县域经济既能调整我国内外资结构,也能启动内需,进而缩小城乡差距。发展县域经济必须要通过金融创新来动员和配置资源,并且要走新型工业化道路。