基层干部应对乡村重大事件影响因素探析--以北京地区为中心的考察

随着社会变革的加速，乡土社会步入了高风险阶段。面对自然或人为引起的乡村重大事件，作为掌舵人的农村基层干部，其应对成效如何、受制于哪些因素，相关问题需要做深入探讨。实证研究表明，在处置乡村重大事件过程中，基层干部个人的价值取向、能力禀赋乃至个性特征直接影响着应对成效；同时，乡土环境、制度环境对基层干部的应对成效也有着较大影响。     

Trends in the proportion of married women of reproductive age in Spain, 1887–1991

Using the Princeton nuptiality index I_m, we analyzed historical developments in the proportion of married women of reproductive age in Spain. We show the internal diversity in nuptiality patterns and offer an explanatory statistical model based on panel data analysis to identify the main variables influencing these changes over more than a century (1887–1991). We found that Spain has been the developed country with the greatest contrasts in its provincial nuptiality patterns (measured by I_m), although this diversity has lessened over the course of time. We also found that some socioeconomic variables (the gross domestic product per capita and the percentage of population living in cities) do not have a linear relationship with female nuptiality but rather have a U shape or an inverted U shape. This may partly account for some of the controversy that has raged on this topic over the past few decades on an international level.     

论大数据技术对公安工作的影响

大数据具有的4V特性决定了大数据技术将从多个角度和层面丰富侦查方式,提高了各类案件的侦破效率;以高科技预防高科技犯罪,做到打击迅速、减少损失,还百姓以现实的安全感;整合多种资源,引导社会运转,预见行为规律,构建令百姓满意的和谐治安环境;让公安工作始终开展的公正透明,百姓享有现实与虚拟环境里的平等权利;提供高效的管理手段和模式,不断推动社会管理的创新。全面认识大数据技术对公安工作的影响,有利于推动公安工作上台阶,不断实现新的突破。     

APP主体的立法规制

A PP相关主体规范与否直接关乎数据信息安全,关涉公民合法权益和社会公益.基于个人信息保护的不断发展,APP信息泄露问题逐渐显露出来.本文认为,应结合现有的个人信息保护立法,通过完善A PP实名制度,构建A PP相关主体备案制度,实施数据信息市场主体准入制度和第三方参与数据收集制度,以加强对个人数据信息的保护.     

垄断法下的相关数据市场研究

数据是互联网平台经济的利润中心与关键驱动力.在对平台经济的反垄断审查中,相关机构很少将数据要素纳入审查分析范围.平台经济的反垄断审查分析中需重新审视数据要素的价值.互联网平台是在线经济结构的最有影响力的参与者.与传统的管道业务模型不同,平台市场是多方且相互依存的市场.追求规模化意味着平台须尽一切努力获取数据资源.数据不...     

Testing the Reciprocal Effects of Campaign Participation

Questions persist regarding the robustness of cross-sectional estimates of effects of variables that are themselves endogenous to the participation process. On one hand, the consequences of working on a campaign have interesting implications for democratic society. Less benign, however, is the possibility that failure to control for reciprocal processes leads to biased estimates of the causes of campaign participation. I use a panel of Democratic and Republican contributors interviewed following each of the past three presidential elections (1996, 2000, and 2004) to explore the relationships between campaign participation and three variables typically parameterized as predictors of participation: receiving a contact, ideological extremism, and strength of party identification. The effect of strength of party identification on campaign participation proves robust; however, I find that nearly all of the associations between contacts and participation and ideological extremism and participation appear to extend from, not into, participation and past participation.

Does Workplace Experience Enhance Political Participation? A Critical Test of a Venerable Hypothesis

Several schools of thought claim that citizens can develop their democratic skills at the workplace. Here I focus on the hypothesis put forward by Carole Pateman and by Sidney Verba and colleagues that state that by practicing civic skills and democratic decision-making at the workplace, citizens become more active in politics. I test the hypothesis with a nationally representative panel survey of the Swedish population. My findings contradict previous empirical research as no impact on political participation was discovered. I argue that the effects may have been overestimated in prior studies because the tests were based on cross-sectional data: insufficient care was taken with a number of significant methodological problems. The study points to the importance of using panel models when investigating the causes of political participation.

Metrological framework for selecting morphological characters to identify species and estimate developmental maturity of forensically significant insect specimens

Accurate age estimates of immature necrophagous insects associated with a human or animal body can provide evidence of how long the body has been dead. These estimates are based on species-specific details of the insects’ aging processes, and therefore require accurate species identification and developmental stage estimation. Many professionals who produce or use identified organisms as forensic evidence have little training in taxonomy or metrology, and appreciate the availability of formalized principles and standards for biological identification. Taxonomic identifications are usually most readily and economically made using categorical and qualitative morphological characters, but it may be necessary to use less convenient and potentially more ambiguous characters that are continuous and quantitative if two candidate species are closely related, or if identifying developmental stages within a species. Characters should be selected by criteria such as taxonomic specificity and metrological repeatability and relative error. We propose such a hierarchical framework, critique various measurements of immature insects, and suggest some standard approaches to determine the reliability of organismal identifications and measurements in estimating postmortem intervals. Relevant criteria for good characters include high repeatability (including low scope for ambiguity or parallax effects), pronounced discreteness, and small relative error in measurements. These same principles apply to individuation of unique objects in general.

Key points

• Metrological rigour can increase in forensic entomology by selecting measurements based on their metrological qualities.
• Selection of high-quality features for morphological identification of organisms should consider these criteria: (1) pronounced discreteness of features (minimising group overlap or maximizing interval); (2) high repeatability of assessment (such as symmetrical width rather than asymmetrical length); (3) small relative error in measurement (selecting the physically largest continuous rigid feature for measurement).
• These metrological principles also apply to individuation of unique objects in general.

     

转型期劳工群体性事件的客观成因

当前,我国正处在一个社会转型期,这一时期的劳工群体性事件呈急剧增加态势。此类事件的频繁爆发有其深刻的客观原因,主要表现在经济、政治和社会三个方面。     

论完善个人信息保护法制的几个问题

个人信息保护是信息化过程中而产生的问题,在国外有关国家和地区早已掀起了个人信息保护立法的浪潮。鉴于此,本文立足于世界有关国家和地区个人信息立法的情况,对其中涉及逻辑基础、适用范围、原则及个人信息主体的权利、适用例外等问题进行了探讨。