关于科学证据的几个基本理论问题探析

刑事诉讼中侦查主体实施技术性侦查将大量运用科学证据。对科学证据之基本理论问题进行深入研究是与刑事诉讼发展潮流相适应。科学证据是指其发现、收集、固定和揭示符合现代科学标准且对案件事实有证明意义的物质载体。科学性、多元性和依赖性是科学证据的特点。科学证据应当定位为新的证据分类形式。     

Determination of the Chronological Order of a Laser Printing and Gel Pen Writing Without any Crossing Strokes

Laser printers and writing instruments are being exploited by the forgers to produce fabricated documents. They often produce such documents by appending genuine signature on a blank sheet and later printing on it. Often these fabricated documents do not contain intersection of strokes and may pose a difficulty to forensic document examiners in analyzing cases related to such documents. Keeping in mind the limited research work done on nonintersecting strokes, the present study has been conducted with an aim to determine the sequence of nonintersecting strokes of gel pens and laser printers. Three hundred samples of nonintersecting strokes of gel pen ink and laser printing were prepared. Of these 300, 150 had laser-printed text below the gel pen strokes and the remaining 150 were prepared with gel pen stokes below the laser-printed text. The samples have been analyzed using Nikon SMZ 800N stereomicroscope. Three micro-conformation features, that is, pattern of toner distribution, ink distribution, and fiber distribution have been observed in the samples. The results demonstrate the successful establishment of sequence of nonintersecting strokes in case of gel pen and laser-printed documents by the determination of micro-conformation features.     

Elizabeth and Her Mountain Garden

Abstract

In this essay the author suggests that Elizabeth von Arnim’s anonymous novel In the Mountains (1920) can be regarded as a modernist work, and is best understood in this context. The author indicates why von Arnim was intellectually and spiritually ready to develop her writing along these lines in the post-First World War era. This novel, like von Arnim’s early works—Elizabeth and Her German Garden (1898) and The Solitary Summer (1899 Arnim, Elizabeth von (1899), The Solitary Summer, London: Macmillan. [Google Scholar])—is written in the form of a journal; the title, also like those of her early works, points to a symbolic setting derived from nature. However, the narrator of In the Mountains no longer appears as ‘Elizabeth’, but remains mysteriously and completely anonymous. This device, together with von Arnim’s stylistically innovative use of structures and motifs derived from nature and music, as well as her manipulation of time, perception and memory, demonstrates her unique approach to modern writing in this novel, inviting comparison with contemporary works by Virginia Woolf and Katherine Mansfield.     

毛泽东廉政思想的发展历程、鲜明特色与重要意义

毛泽东廉政思想是毛泽东在领导党的廉政建设的长期实践中,把马克思列宁主义廉政理论与中国共产党的廉政建设实际相结合,并吸收借鉴中华民族优秀传统廉政文化和历史经验基础上逐渐形成和发展起来的。毛泽东廉政思想经历了早期萌芽、井冈山和中央苏区时期初步形成、延安时期走向成熟、新中国成立前后继续发展、毛泽东晚年的曲折探索等阶段,且在不同阶段有不同的侧重点。站在实现"两个一百年"奋斗目标的历史交汇点上,梳理毛泽东廉政思想的历史脉络并揭示其特征与意义,有助于为新时代推进反腐败斗争提供历史借鉴和现实启示。     

忧郁的诗魂--戴望舒诗歌的美学特征

戴望舒诗歌中的忧郁具有浓厚的形而上色彩.其忧郁表现为以下三个方面不可捉摸性、普遍性和深沉性,它们共同组成了戴望舒诗歌艺术的美学特征.     

论有组织犯罪的基本手段

有组织犯罪通过暴力、恐怖和贿赂腐蚀等手段积聚财富 ,并向高层次国家权力部门渗透。在许多国家 ,有组织犯罪活动有恃无恐 ,成为国家政治、经济及社会的重要部分。     

沈阳市和平区青少年违法犯罪问题调研、剖析及有效的预防对策

本文通过对沈阳市和平地区14-16岁青少年犯罪情况的调研,概括出青少年违法犯罪的主要特征,分析了他们违法犯罪的心理成因,并在此基础上提出了切实可行的预防对策。本文作者号召全社会重视青少年违法犯罪问题,采取有效措施予以解决,为构建和谐社会奠定良好的社会基础。     

新版《药品管理法》的主要内容与特色研究

经2019年8月修订后的《中华人民共和国药品管理法》的出台是国家药品管理的立法典范。它在完善卫生法律体系的立法架构下,通过采用修订立法方式,界定区分假、劣药品概念,强调信用监管,规范网络售药行为,鼓励科技创新,明确法律责任与处罚,突出法律的回应性立法特征,保障公民健康权利。法律的生命在于实施。应结合社会主义法治理念要求,建议健全药品的配套法规,严格药品监管执法,合理开展普法宣传,加强司法适用,实现"良法善治"的目的。     

什么样的县委书记与县长组合治理效能高?——基于全国百位优秀县委书记的面板样本

县委书记和县长作为县域党、政主官,是域外经济、政治和社会因素作用于此县域治理的基本桥梁,两者能否形成共同行动理念和行动路径,强化行动执行是县域治理效能实现的关键。传统静态的体制机制分析无法解读其行动效应影响,需要实现行动者视域的相适转换。以全国百位优秀县委书记及所在县域县长的102个组合数据为共同面板样本,对两位行动者背景特征差异对治理效能的影响进行分析。县域党、政主官组合搭配时长、平均学历、毕业院校、经济学、管理学或法学专业、本地晋升与治理效能正相关。适当增加县领导班子的搭配合作时长,组建县领导班子时考虑官员学历背景,组建县域领导班子时考虑官员专业背景的搭配,优先选择本地晋升。     

税务筹划相关问题探讨

税务筹划,是纳税人在不违反税收法律的范围内,通过对投资、经营、核算等一系列经济活动的事先安排,达到尽可能降低税收负担或迟延缴纳税款的目的,进而实现其经济利益的最大化。本文从分析税务筹划基本含义入手,通过对税务筹划合法性、专业性、目的性、风险性和策划性等基本特征及利用税收优惠筹划法、利用转让定价筹划法、利用会计处理筹划法、利用税法漏洞筹划法等基本方法进行系统分析,对税务筹划相关问题进行探究,以促进税务筹划的健康发展。