人民币应该升值吗？—兼论人民币汇率制度取向

近年来,有关人民币升值的呼声此起彼伏。人民币在汇率制度的取向上,当前应逐步扩大汇率的波动幅度并实现盯住货币的多元化,从有管理的浮动汇率制度过渡到自由浮动的汇率制度。     

资本市场下公司筹资风险预警控制区域研究

现代公司通过资本市场筹资时,首先要解决的问题是筹资风险的规避和 利用。在设置公司筹资风险预警控制区域时,量化方法仅从量化角度给出了公司财务机 构一个可以控制的区域,即在未来时期,只要公司的筹资风险指标数值落入该预警控制 区域中,表示公司的筹资风险可以为决策者所控制,公司管理层可以驾驭筹资风险,并 利用筹资风险获取超值收益。     

How Should Forensic Anthropologists Correct National Weather Service Temperature Data for Use in Estimating the Postmortem Interval?

This study examines the correlation between site‐specific and retrospectively collected temperature data from the National Weather Service (NWS) over an extended time period. Using iButtonLink thermochrons (model DS1921G), hourly temperature readings were collected at 15 sites (1 validation; 14 experimental) from December 2010 to January 2012. Comparison between the site‐specific temperature data and data retrieved from an official reporter of NWS temperature data shows statistically significant differences between the two in 71.4% (10/14) of cases. The difference ranged between 0.04 and 2.81°C. Examination of both regression and simple adjustment of the mean difference over extended periods (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, & 9 months) suggests that on the timescale typical in forensic anthropology cases neither method of correction is consistent or reliable and that forensic anthropologists would be better suited using uncorrected NWS temperature data when the postmortem interval is extended.     

Family biography,fertility and memory-making in an AIDS-affected South African site

The critical challenges of AIDS and poverty in post-apartheid South Africa impact the ways in which memories are articulated and family and fertility histories ultimately constructed. This article considers three life histories written in the course of ethnographic work on women's childbearing conducted intermittently between 1998 and 2014, and typical of other histories in the same peri-urban locale. Personal accounts of a mother and her two daughters initially centre on domestic strife and adversity – and the family as a whole is represented as struggling and disunited. In the aftermath of the death of one of the daughters from AIDS in 2001, the memories and discourse are subtly reworked by the two women in ways that are meant to counteract stigma, reclaim dignity and defend the family. The paper focuses on reproductive dynamics and memory-making in a hardship-driven and AIDS-affected setting and on the ethnographer's endeavours in witnessing, interviewing and making sense of people's ‘intent’ and ‘the urge to forget, to go on living’.     

Analysis of mutations in father–son pairs with 17 Y-STR loci

We have examined 389 father/son sample pairs from U.S. Caucasians, African Americans, Hispanics and Asians using the 17 Y-STR loci in the Yfiler™ kit and observed a total of 24 differences between father and son. Thirteen mutations resulted in the gain of a repeat in the son and 11 resulted in a loss of a repeat. All samples resulted in single repeat mutations except one sample which contained a two repeat loss at Y-GATA-H4. Furthermore, two different sample pairs were found to have two mutations. An African American sample pair had a mutation at DYS458 and a second at DYS635 and an Asian sample pair had mutations at DYS439 and Y-GATA-H4.     

农村人口问题与新农村建设

人口问题是事关新农村经济建设发展的关键问题。解决我国农村人口失控的问题必须从转变农村的生产方式、生活方式、教育方式及社会保障入手，逐步消除城乡生存方式上的差异，以此促进新农村建设，达到社会和谐。     

人力资本、生育率与二元经济结构转化

中国二元经济结构的转化,需要加速城市现代经济规模的扩张和打破传统部门资源配置的低效率均衡,提高农业投入的产出弹性,促进部门间的收入均衡。中国现阶段促进二元结构转化的政策,应以提高农业人口的受教育程度为重点,要有利于农村生育率的下降和人力资本的提高,为其创造出需求条件。     

计件工资问题与集体协商技术性对策

计件工资的秘密在于资方以保证一定的利润和保证能雇到一定的工人为前提，工人并不知道计件工资的秘密，反而把计件工资看作为真正体现“按劳分配”、“不劳不得，多劳多得”的工资制度。由此，产生制度性地规避最低工资、规避加班加点工资、规避特殊情况下支付工资等问题。解决计件工资规避劳动法规的关键并不在于加强政府监管，而在于确立工人的“话语权”，即进行有效的，有针对性的集体谈判。因此，应设计工会进行计件工资行业或企业工资集体协商的操作性技术要点。     

走向“信息完美”——论科斯定理对庭审过程的启示

运用科斯定理可以对民事诉讼中双方当事人之间的“和解”要价进行定量分析,但是科斯定理分析问题的一个重要假设是“信息完美”,这在现实中是不存在的。博弈论认为策略行为的实质是博取“私人信息”,诉讼的发生率则与信息不对称有较大的关联。故庭审程序的设计应当要有利于各方获取他方的证据信息,便于当事人进行信息比较和估计;庭审过程则应便于当事人获取对称的决策信息为目标;法官在庭审过程中的作用其实就是引导当事人从不完美信息趋向完美信息。双方当事人会根据证据交换、庭审质证认证的情况并结合自己可以接受的成本和风险底限决定自己的强硬策略值最终达到策略均衡。这样方可有效提高和解率。     

关于“实际点击次数”问题的探析

随着互联网的飞速发展，网民数量的快速增加，网络色情犯罪急剧上升。目前，司法机关在办理此类案件时，根据相关司法解释，以“实际点击次数”作为定罪量刑的依据。由于点击率受软件造假、专人制假、源头造假等因素的影响，其真实性难以确定，因而法院在判决时应综合考量。