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851.
Decided by the executive, redistrictings in France have been claimed to have substantial partisan bias in favor of the right. We examine the evidence for this claim in terms of France's left bloc versus right bloc politics, combining information from both the first and the second round of France's two round electoral system. We also examine data at the constituency level to look at factors, such as malapportionment, that can affect bias. As France is characterized by a pattern of a limited number of redistrictings, population inequalities have grown in legislative constituencies between plans. Although the procedures used to draw constituency boundaries for the French Assembly are rather opaque, and under the control of political authorities, partisan bias appears as minuscule. 相似文献
852.
853.
Paul Wormeli 《犯罪学与公共政策》2018,17(2):483-496
The origins of the Bureau of Justice Statistics and criminal justice statistics in general go back 150 years, but the U.S. President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice in 1967, along with subsequent panels and commissions, added urgency and specificity to the work to be done to improve our understanding of the operation of the criminal justice system and of crime. Criminal justice statistics have the potential to be used to shape and evaluate specific policies and programs when the statistics are timely, accurate, and relevant to the decisions being made for policy formulation or evaluation. The full development of effective criminal justice statistics on crime and the administration of the justice system can provide for informed decision making and more insightful resource allocation. In this article, I summarize the historical progressions and evolution of criminal justice statistics in light of the changes affecting the justice environment and propose future work. 相似文献
854.
WANG Yiping 《浙江省政法管理干部学院学报》2016,(6):29-37
After the Second World War, the American behavioral psychologist B. F. Skinner created a new utopian illusion. Instead of designing the high-technological utopia which used to be popular in the early 20th century, B. F. Skinner described an experimental community in his novel Walden Two. Walden Two embraces the proposition that the behavior of humans is determined by environmental variables, and that behavioral engineering which systematically alters environmental variables can shape and reinforce human behavior, generating a utopia. Walden Two answers the controversial issues put forward by the anti-utopian novels such as Brave New World, Anthem, and The Clockwork Orange. It is considered to have played a pivotal role in the development of the utopian ideal of the 20th century. 相似文献
855.
张秀梅 《陕西行政学院学报》2020,(2):112-117
新冠肺炎疫情以湖北武汉为中心,迅速向全国蔓延,造成了严重的社会影响。在党的领导下,疫情防控阻击战目前已获得一定成果。新冠肺炎疫情的爆发不仅再次揭露了公共危机的特点,还揭示了我国公共危机管理中存在的问题:危机意识较薄弱、法制体系不完备、信息管理不完善和社会参与管理不足等。对此,应及时采取措施:政府层面做好大局建设,媒体层面提供信息支持,社会层面贡献优势力量。 相似文献
856.
Mandibular length, mandibular angle, and maximum ramus height measurements used during forensic evaluation of skeletal remains require use of a mandibulometer. This study presents a new method of taking these measurements from images, so that practitioners without access to an expensive mandibulometer or those working with 3D models (e.g., CT scans) can collect and utilize these measurements. Ten trials performed on a sample of 45 mandibles were used to compare measurements collected from photographs and images extracted from 3D surface scans to those collected with a mandibulometer, including intra‐ and inter‐observer analyses. All technical error of measurement (TEM) values were less than 2 mm regardless of observer, trial, or method. Relative TEM values were less than 2% for all except mandibular length (2.10%) and ramus height (2.32%) for the right versus left photographs. Results are comparable with mandibulometer error rates, indicating that the proposed method is accurate and reliable. 相似文献
857.
Bernhard Forchtner 《Patterns of Prejudice》2019,53(3):285-301
ABSTRACTIn this article, Forchtner investigates the construction of an ‘ideal’, extreme-right, ecologically sensitive subject. A concern for the natural environment is in no way new to the extreme right, and has long been part of its ideological make-up. In particular, claims that the laws of nature are applicable to the social world and that a community is embedded in an ecosystem have long been features of a right-wing ecological imaginary. Through an analysis of all the articles on a paradigmatic ecological issue, biodiversity, published in Germany’s exemplary extreme-right magazine preoccupied with ecology, Umwelt & Aktiv (Environment & Active), this cultural imaginary is reconstructed. Included in it as key themes are human responsibility for environmental degradation, the ecological value of flora and fauna, and criticism of modernity’s levelling tendencies (both biologically and culturally). Taking responsibility for the community’s Heimat (homeland) is, consequently, a crucial element for this subject: a subject who aims for purity, order and the stability of ecosystems. 相似文献
858.
ABSTRACTThis article presents an analytical framework that guides the contributions to this special issue and, in general terms, aims at enabling a systematic investigation of processes of negotiation in the international promotion of democracy. It first briefly introduces the rationale for studying democracy promotion negotiation, offers a definition, and locates the general approach within the academic literature, bringing together different strands of research, namely studies of negotiation in international relations as well as research on democratization and democracy promotion. The larger part of the article then discusses key concepts, analytical distinctions and theoretical propositions along the lines of the three research questions that are identified in the introduction to this special issue. More specifically, the article (1) offers a typology that facilitates a systematic empirical analysis of the issues that are discussed in democracy promotion negotiations; (2) takes initial steps towards a causal theory of democracy promotion negotiation by identifying and discussing a set of parameters that can be expected to shape such negotiations; and (3) introduces key distinctions and dimensions that help guide empirical research on the output and outcome of negotiations in democracy promotion. 相似文献
859.
Governments tend to focus on short-term policies to address the immediate effects of high food prices when spikes occur, while in the long term, urban residents are left to their own devices struggling to ensure adequate household food consumption. Using data collected in three cities in Cameroon among 300 households, this article documents participants’ opinions on appropriate policies to address high food prices as well as how households cope with chronic high food prices. It emphasises the importance of long-term government strategies such as improved farm-to-market roads and agricultural sector supports as means to improve food security. 相似文献
860.
目的死亡时间的推测是法医病理学研究的重点和难点。皮肤具有一定生物力学特性,是机体死后分解破坏发生较迟的部分。本研究观察不同环境条件下死后大鼠皮肤生物力学特性的改变,探索其与死亡时间的关系。方法系统测试雌性SD大鼠在不同环境条件下(A组较高环境温度,B组较低环境温度)的死后皮肤生物力学特性。结果 A组大鼠皮肤死后张应力、延伸率在死后1d内先降低后升高,1d~6d逐渐降低,6d~7d略呈上升趋势;B组大鼠皮肤死后张应力在死后2d内先降低后升高,2d~16d逐渐降低,16d~20d略上升。结论 A组的张应力、延伸率和B组的张应力、应变能密度均表现出与死亡时间较好的相关性,是较好的推测死亡时间的生物力学参数。 相似文献