谈实战型警务英语视听说网络课程设计

文章以建构主义和行为主义学习理论为基础、从还原真实的语言环境着手,提出了借助英语虚拟警务网络以原版实录视听、商讨辩论、角色扮演和情境模拟等方法来加强教学中的互动与体验,从而达到教学与实战训练的有机结合,并论述了警务英语视听说课程的教材、VPIE网络平台、课堂教学训练和课外巩固等内容,且对教学效果予以了总结。     

农地承包经营权流转中的职务犯罪防控

现阶段土地流转规模有不断扩大的趋势,而公权力的不当介入为权力寻租提供了机会。在反租倒包、以租代征、承包经营权入股等流转形式中基层权力主体的职务犯罪形态多样,这些犯罪行为具有主体复杂、手段隐蔽、阶段性明显、发现率低、查处难度大等特点。为此,需要从源头上加以防范,从内部控制和外部监督等方面加强对此类犯罪的防控。     

对科技园区、开发区新建企业建会工作的思考

北京市现有科技园区、开发区的工会组建工作存在的问题，从性质上来划分，可以分为两大类。一是认识上的问题，党政工领导的认识是制约新建企业建会的根本原因；二是体制上的问题，体制不顺的现状导致建会工作的诸多困难。提高认识，理顺体制，是解决新建企业建会问题的当务之急。     

Life-cycle effects on social pressure to vote

Recent scholarship reveals social pressure can compel citizens to conform to social norms like voting in elections. In this study, we investigate heterogeneity in the impact of social pressure to vote. We find that age, a key demographic characteristic, moderates the impact of social pressure. Using evidence from a large-scale randomized field experiment conducted in August 2006, we show that older voters are significantly more responsive to social pressure compared to younger voters. Given the emerging consensus that social pressure can be marshaled effectively to stimulate voting in elections, such investigations yield critical insights of both practical and theoretical significance.     

孙子“势”域中的群体性事件现场控制

孙子＂势＂论是其军事思想的重要组成部分之一。孙子＂势＂论在具体的作战中表现为将帅运用主客观条件所造成的态势和敌我力量对比。处置群体性事件具有政治要求高,敏感性强等特点。孙子＂势＂论可以作为群体性事件现场控制谋略的来源,使警方更加有效地进行力量配置和认识群体性事件现场控制要素。公安机关在群体性事件现场控制过程中,要善于从多维角度认知现场,在重视战机的巨大作用和示＂形＂造＂势＂的同时,还要善于超＂势＂。     

Real‐Time Detection of Concealed Chemical Hazards Under Ambient Light Conditions Using Raman Spectroscopy

Current concerns regarding terrorism and international crime highlight the need for new techniques for detecting unknown and hazardous substances. A novel Raman spectroscopy‐based technique, spatially offset Raman spectroscopy (SORS), was recently devised for noninvasively probing the contents of diffusely scattering and opaque containers. Here, we demonstrate a modified portable SORS sensor for detecting concealed substances in‐field under different background lighting conditions. Samples including explosive precursors, drugs, and an organophosphate insecticide (chemical warfare agent surrogate) were concealed inside diffusely scattering packaging including plastic, paper, and cloth. Measurements were carried out under incandescent and fluorescent light as well as under daylight to assess the suitability of the probe for different real‐life conditions. In each case, it was possible to identify the substances against their reference Raman spectra in less than 1 min. The developed sensor has potential for rapid detection of concealed hazardous substances in airports, mail distribution centers, and customs checkpoints.     

The Swiss business elite (1980–2000): how the changing composition of the elite explains the decline of the Swiss company network

Abstract

In this paper we analyse the decline of the Swiss corporate network between 1980 and 2000. We address the theoretical and methodological challenge of this transformation by the use of a combination of network analysis and multiple correspondence analysis (MCA). Based on a sample of top managers of the 110 largest Swiss companies in 1980 and 2000 we show that, beyond an adjustment to structural pressure, an explanation of the decline of the network has to include the strategies of the fractions of the business elites. We reveal that three factors contribute crucially to the decline of the Swiss corporate network: the managerialization of industrial leaders, the marginalization of law degree holders and the influx of hardly connected foreign managers.     

Situational deterrence and claim padding: results from a randomized field experiment

While it is generally argued that threats of legal sanctions are more effective with offenders involved in economic crimes than with delinquents committing more conventional crimes, such an affirmation rests on weak empirical evidence. Also, most studies supporting this proposition were conducted with non-experimental designs, thus, undermining the interval validity of the results. On the other hand, studies base their predictions on individual factors and do not incorporate contextual factors. To overcome those limitations, a randomized field experiment was implemented in four insurance companies to incorporate contextual factors into the dynamics of deterrence. This study assessed the effect of a written threat (a deterrent letter reminding insured persons of the punishment for insurance fraud) on claim padding behaviours of insured persons filing claims for residential theft. A deterrent-letter project was implemented in four insurance companies, with claims randomly assigned to the experimental or the control group. Cases belonging to the control group were managed as usual, while individuals in the experimental group received the written threat. The experimental design made sure that the deterrent stimulus was exactly delivered to the insured persons when they had the opportunity to exaggerate the value of their claims. Findings demonstrate that claimants in the experimental group were less likely to pad their claims than were those in the control group. The letter was effective, regardless of the means of delivery. In conclusion, the administration of a written threat at the moment of criminal opportunity appears to be an effective strategy for preventing economic crimes.

USING RANDOM JUDGE ASSIGNMENTS TO ESTIMATE THE EFFECTS OF INCARCERATION AND PROBATION ON RECIDIVISM AMONG DRUG OFFENDERS*

Most prior studies of recidivism have used observational data to estimate the causal effect of imprisonment or probation on the probability that a convicted individual is rearrested after release. Few studies have taken advantage of the fact that, in some jurisdictions, defendants are assigned randomly to judges who vary in sentencing tendencies. This study investigates whether defendants who are assigned randomly to more punitive judges have different recidivism probabilities than defendants who are assigned to relatively lenient judges. We track 1,003 defendants charged with drug-related offenses who were assigned randomly to nine judicial calendars between June 1, 2002 and May 9, 2003. Judges on these calendars meted out sentences that varied substantially in terms of prison and probation time. We tracked defendants using court records across a 4-year period after the disposition of their cases to determine whether they subsequently were rearrested. Our results indicate that randomly assigned variations in prison and probation time have no detectable effect on rates of rearrest. The findings suggest that, at least among those facing drug-related charges, incarceration and supervision seem not to deter subsequent criminal behavior.     

发展权视域下农业知识产权融资探析

发展权是农业知识产权融资的理论基础。长期以来我国立法重视生存权而不重视发展权,造成了农村金融的诸多问题,农业知识产权融资发展举步维艰。农业知识产权融资应当以融资主体的利益正当性为基点,构建科技创新机制、风险防控机制、惠益分享机制和私权自治保障机制,在策略选择上完成从重视生存权向重视发展权的理念嬗变,培育农业知识产权融资专业评估机构,并强调农业科技创新与农业知识产权融资的双轨并行。