失地农民:一种新含义的注解

当前失地农民问题日益突现,受到了国家、社会与学界的普遍关注。这不仅仅是一个社会问题,也是政治问题。学界对失地农民问题的关注集中在问题的产生和解决路径两个聚焦点,而对一些概念的运用存在简化、淡化甚至漠视的倾向。我们认为,欲对失地农民问题有清澈的认识和可操作性的解决路径,必须澄清什么是失地农民、什么是失地农民问题以及两者之间的中介———什么是农民失地三个相关相异的概念。     

党在新世纪意识形态领域工作的指针

江泽民总书记的“七·一”讲话 ,系统地总结了我们党 80年来的光辉历程和基本经验 ,全面阐述了“三个代表”思想的科学内涵 ,明确提出了加强和改进党的建设的基本要求。其中也总结了建党 80年来党在意识领域工作的历史经验 ,特别是总结了党在新时期意识形态领域工作的新经验 ,对于我们如何在新世纪做好意识形态领域的工作 ,是方向鲜明的指针     

Presence to Press: How Campaigns EarnLocal Media

Today’s campaigns have ample resources with which to influence the media, while plummeting revenue, readership, and reporting staffs make local newspapers more vulnerable than ever. This imbalance raises an important question: if a campaign invests more resources in an area, can it earn positive media coverage? In this article, I propose a strategic relationship between campaigns and local media. Newspapers offer campaigns credibility and exposure, while campaigns offer local newspapers easy-to-report stories that will appeal to their readers. Campaign messages are more impactful when communicated through the local press, so campaigns will try to influence local news coverage (when they have the resources to do so) by establishing a local presence. When newspapers are vulnerable, they should be more likely to accept campaign prompting and provide campaigns with positive earned media. I employ an original data set of newspaper content and campaign investment from the 2004 and 2008 elections. I utilize a within-state matched-pairs design of newspapers from the state of Florida and a detailed content analysis of stories from 21 randomly selected days from each election cycle. I find that regional campaign presence generates positive earned media, but only in smaller newspapers. This article contributes to the fields of campaign and media effects by demonstrating how campaigns’ calculated decisions influence the construction of local political news. It is the first study to describe the connection between the voter contact and campaigns’ earned local media strategy.     

National Consensus or Social Anomaly?

The dynamics of mass consciousness in Russia, formed in the wake of the 2014 events in Ukraine and Crimea, testify to the consolidation and radicalization of the popular majority. The national consensus has shaped a high level of public optimism even in the face of deteriorating socioeconomic conditions. However, this process brings to the fore archetypal traits that in many ways run contrary to the modern desire for mass consumption, which in many ways is also contrary to social mobilization. This contradiction will affect the political process, if not in the short- then in the long term, and will significantly affect the sociopolitical situation, making it less stable than in the first decade of the present century.     

我国行政政治问责的问题与对策

行政政治问责存在明显的制度缺失,是我国行政问责的制度实践中的短板。这种制度困境形成的原因是复杂的,有内部和外部的问题,有主观方面的制约因素,也有政治问责立法滞后的影响。针对行政政治问责存在的问题及其原因,本文从行政政治问责的主体、对象、适用范围、标准、程序和救济制度方面提出构建有效的行政政治问责的实现机制。     

The concept of the level playing field: Assessing fairness in electoral competition

In 2019, the High Court of Australia used the term ‘level playing field’ no less than 18 times when considering limits on electoral campaign expenditure. This article examines the usefulness of this metaphor when assessing the opportunity to compete in elections on an equal basis. It shows that the metaphor is often used in electoral jurisprudence and by electoral monitoring bodies, but rarely subject to analysis. One place where it has been analysed is in the democratisation literature, where it is defined in terms of access to state resources, media, and the law. However, it needs further elaboration to make it useful in analysing the fairness of electoral competition in established democracies. The assumption of only two teams, incumbents and opposition, needs to be modified through considering the hierarchy of incumbency benefits. A case study of the 2019 Australian federal election illustrates the differential access to state resources of electoral contenders as well as the need to add the role of private money to the attributes of the playing field. It finds that although there has been some levelling of the playing field at the State and Territory level, at the federal level there has been further tilting.     

公共场所隐私权的悖论

"公共场所隐私权"是个悖论式的问题。实践中,西方国家已经承认了公共场所隐私权的合法性。隐私权保护重心从"场所"到"人"的转变,以及由此产生的"合理隐私预期"是公共场所隐私权的法律依据,然而,"合理隐私预期"至今仍然缺乏明确的标准和法理依据,这根源于对"公共场所"之"公共性"的误解。"公共场所"大都是公、私混合的"社会场所"。这不仅决定了"公共场所隐私权"的正当性,也决定了对公共场所隐私权进行保护必须突破僵化的公私法分立格局。     

Missing the target and missing the point: ‘successful’ random assignment but misleading results

As the use of field experiments in criminology increases, discussions have focused on methods for achieving randomization, correcting for flawed randomization, increasing power and addressing treatment implementation problems in the interventions under study. This paper explores what may be a fairly common and basic challenge for field experimentation: the problem of attrition before random assignment in the targeted population—when an experiment may be well conducted, except that it ‘misses the target’ for a variety of possible reasons and produces experimental results that may be of questionable validity. To illustrate this basic, but seldom discussed, phenomenon, this paper draws on the examples of 13 field experiments by the author and colleagues as a body of case studies to assess the nature and magnitude of pre-assignment attrition and its possible implications for experimental findings.

Moving Forward: Response to “Studying Eyewitness Investigations in the Field”

Field studies of eyewitness identification are richly confounded. Determining which confounds undermine interpretation is important. The blind administration confound in the Illinois study is said to undermine it’s value for understanding the relative utility of simultaneous and sequential lineups. Most criticisms of the Illinois study focus on filler identifications, and related inferences about the importance of the blind confound. We find no convincing evidence supporting this line of attack and wonder at filler identifications as the major line of criticism. More debilitating problems impede using the Illinois study to address the simultaneous versus sequential lineup controversy: inability to estimate guilt independent of identification evidence, lack of protocol compliance monitoring, and assessment of lineups quality. Moving forward requires removing these limitations.