Political activism in Iran: strategies for survival,possibilities for resistance and authoritarianism

This article examines mobilizations and activism in authoritarian settings by considering the case of Iran. By focusing on the transformation of activism since the 1990s and the green movement, it advances an explanation of how oppositional political groups have been able to survive and produce forms of resistant subjectivity despite authoritarian constraints. In order to do so, the article brings together two scholarly traditions, namely Social Movement Theory (SMT) and the study of subjectivity and resistance as framed by Sari Hanafi. SMT explains how activists have been able to navigate repression and create opportunities for mobilization while shifting between formal and informal politics. The study of subjectivity helps conceptualize the type of subjects or political citizens that authoritarian environments generate. The article builds on field research with activists conducted in Iran and Turkey between 2007 and 2016. It argues that authoritarian constraints allow autonomous activism to flourish while emptying of meaning the regime-sanctioned political infrastructures.     

Green appropriations through shifting contours of authority and property on a pastoralist commons

The dynamics of customary land rights and displacement among east African pastoralists have been the subject of extensive scholarly inquiry. Displacement to make way for other land uses, government-led privatization schemes, endogenous subdivision to defend land against outsiders, and progressive enclosure of private land in the context of the recent ‘land rush’ are some of the documented trajectories of land tenure change. Less explored is how exogenous authority systems gain traction within common property regimes to re-shape the contours of property. Laikipia, Kenya presents an ideal context for this research given the uniquely ambitious effort to conserve globally significant wildlife on private land. We focus on a group ranch owned collectively by Maa-speaking pastoralists for whom formal title was secured with the support of outside actors vested in conservation, and coupled with efforts to provide financial incentives for conservation. Findings suggest the new governance structure established in the context of land titling has become a pathway through which outside authority gains traction – with consequences for property, sovereignty and the traction of green agendas. Findings deepen understanding of how shifting authority shapes processes of alienation and legitimation, and contribute to ongoing debates about land grabs, tenure formalization and neoliberal approaches to conservation.     

欧盟最新贸易救济工具绿皮书的内容及启示

随着经济全球化进程的加快及其发展程度的深入,欧盟贸易救济工具不仅事实上损及消费者、进口商和零售商的利益,引发了贸易救济领域"公共利益保护危机",而且,贸易救济权的滥用,也使得许多已将生产基地转移至欧盟之外的本土名牌企业深受其害。最近,欧盟发布贸易救济工具绿皮书,试图化解矛盾、革新贸易救济政策,客观上也给包括我国在内的产品出口国进一步谋求公平贸易环境带来了契机,当前,理性分析并深刻领会绿皮书出台的背景、内容及其精神实质,拿出行之有效的对策,对于最大化、最优化地争取和保护我国相关企业的贸易利益意义重大。     

气候变化对我国经济、社会和可持续发展的挑战

气候变化问题已经成为人类社会和各国政府及民众关注的焦点问题之一。气候变化给我国的经济、社会和可持续发展也带来了挑战。如何客观地认识当前以全球变暖为主要特征的气候变化,以及它所产生的诸多方面的影响和我们应当如何面对气候变化及其影响?本文表达了当代气象科学家的最新观点,并且对中国政府及民众应采取的措施提出了建议。     

Comparison of presumptive blood test kits including hexagon OBTI

Four presumptive blood tests, Hexagon OBTI, Hemastix(R), Leucomalachite green (LMG), and Kastle-Meyer (KM) were compared for their sensitivity in the identification of dried bloodstains. Stains of varying blood dilutions were subjected to each presumptive test and the results compared. The Hexagon OBTI buffer volume was also reduced to ascertain whether this increased the sensitivity of the kit. The study found that Hemastix(R) was the most sensitive test for trace blood detection. Only with the reduced buffer volume was the Hexagon OBTI kit as sensitive as the LMG and KM tests. However, the Hexagon OBTI kit has the advantage of being a primate specific blood detection kit. This study also investigated whether the OBTI buffer within the kit could be utilized for DNA profiling after presumptive testing. The results show that DNA profiles can be obtained from the Hexagon OBTI kit buffer directly.     

“绿色原则”视阈下预重整制度的功能性建构

《中华人民共和国民法典》规定“绿色原则”的基础含义为环境保护,其深层表达为节约资源和可持续发展。“绿色原则”既促进人与自然的和谐发展,也表达了资源、资本的可持续利用。破产法作为市场经济的重要法律,兼具市场出清和挽救再生的双重功能。其中预重整制度因其有效提高破产重整成功率,挽救债务企业于困境,是“绿色原则”在破产法中张力的重要体现。预重整制度一面可以通过简化程序节约司法资源、社会资源,另一面还可以延续债务人经验、商誉,避免浪费、最大化促进债务人可持续发展。     

亮绿SF溶液增强红色光滑客体表面潜血手印技术研究

目的探索一种实验室和犯罪现场上均可使用的红色光滑表面上血潜手印新型显现技术。方法把0.2g亮绿SF溶解到容积为200m L盛有5m L蒸馏水的烧杯中,然后加入0.2g正四丁基碘化铵、93m L无水乙醇,使用玻璃棒搅拌,充分溶解后,最后加入盐酸2m L形成绿色透明溶液作为显现液,采用精细喷雾器喷涂客体增强红色光滑面潜血手印,潜血手印增强后,照相提取后并对局部放大观察效果,研究其对红色光滑表面潜血手印的增强效果。结果对遗留手印进行了批量显现与统计分析,0.2%的亮绿SF酒精显现液对红色客体表面潜血手印的反应极其敏感,实验室条件下潜血手印样本显现率可达100%,显出的手印纹线清晰连贯,反差明显,无颜色背景,且局部放大能够有效显示出纹线的细节特征。结论 0.2%的亮绿SF显现液能有效增强红色光滑客体表面潜血手印,反差极其明显,可以作为红色光滑客体表面潜血手印增强试剂。     

景点绿色管理的理论分析及其实现模式探讨

绿色管理是在可持续发展整体框架内最大程度地扩大积极影响,减少消极效应;绿色管理是将管理成本和环境损害降至最低状况下的一种管理模式。     

绿色贸易壁垒的法律分析及应对策略

环境保护是WTO所关注的焦点问题之一。随着关税的降低以及传统的非关税壁垒的取消,一些发达国家利用WTO环境议题的漏洞,将贸易与环境两个问题联系在一起,在国际贸易中大肆推行绿色壁垒这种新的贸易保护主义。文章分析了WTO语境中绿色壁垒的形成原因及其表现形式,从法律的角度提出了我国应对发达国家绿色壁垒的对策。