扩大文化消费——宁夏文化产业发展的根本动力

2011年宁夏人均GDP已达到5062美元,正处在消费结构升级换代的关键时期。然而,由于多种原因,宁夏的文化消费还处在一个较低水平上,大大影响了宁夏文化产业的发展。因此,增加文化消费总量,提高文化消费水平,是推动宁夏文化产业发展的源泉和动力。     

Sweat or No Sweat: Foreign Workers in the Garment Industry in Malaysia

In the last decade factory owners, in response to brand-name Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) parameters, have joined associations that verify (through a monitoring and audit system) that management does not exploit labour. There have been no reports of violations of codes of conduct concerning Malaysian workers but for foreign workers on contract there are certain areas that have been reported. These areas, including trade union membership, the withholding of workers' passports and unsuitable accommodation, generally escape notice because auditors who monitor factory compliance do not question the terms of contracts as long as they comply with national labour standards. This paper is based on research with foreign workers in Malaysia and argues that despite the success of the anti-sweatshop movement in a global context, the neo-liberal state in Malaysia continues to place certain restrictions on transnational labour migrants which breach garment industry codes of conduct. Available evidence does not support the assumption that CSR practices provide sufficient protection for both citizen and foreign workers on contract in the garment industry.     

Reviews

The expansion of the global economy and the governance deficit it has generated raise questions about the possibilities for regulating the practices of participants in global production networks. This paper focuses on the regulation of industrial relations in Cambodia's textile and garment industry – a unique ensemble of state, trade union, private sector and international institutions that is promoted as a “fair model of globalisation.” We track the trajectory of Cambodia's industrialisation and insertion into the global economy over three interrelated phases: first, the beginnings of export-orientated garment production in the mid- to late 1990s; secondly, the promotion of Cambodia as an “ethical producer” from 1999; and, thirdly, privileging “competitiveness” in global production networks over labour compliance for its advantage. In doing so we centre our analysis on the complex intertwining of global production, the genesis of the unique ensemble of actors in Cambodia and the anomaly of Cambodia's labour movement.     

Gender,Work and Resistance: South Korean Textile Industry in the 1970s

This paper examines the forces behind South Korean women workers' labour activism in the 1970s, an era of rapid export-orientated industrialisation. Most of the labour strikes initiated by women occurred in the labour-intensive manufacturing sector, and they were in sharp contrast to the overall labour quiescence of male workers during the same period. The actions of South Korean women refute widely held assumptions about the docility of Asian women workers. This case study suggests that women rebel when their lives undergo drastic changes under a set of macro and micro circumstances. Women dialectically interact with the capitalist-patriarchal structure as conscious human agents, and the result of such interaction is their gender- and class-based collective resistance.     

Terror of the talk: a new framework for countering terrorism within the institutionalisation of the terrorism industry

The “terrorism industry” that has been constructed by the war on terror has become institutionalised in the past decade, contributing in part to a significant increase in the overall public perception of terrorism and a dilution in meaning of the term “terrorist.” A linear regression analysis of the relationship of poll data collected from American citizens and frequency and lethality of terrorist attacks shows that this increased awareness has occurred despite the fact that terrorist attacks on American soil have decreased over the past decade. Considering the often-stated purpose of terrorists is to inspire fear, a central goal of the industry and the government should be to diminish these effects. However, the frequent and offhand use of the term “terrorist” fails to contextualise and counter the varied dispositions and motivations of terrorists and other non-state actors. To reduce public worry while working within the boundaries of the institutionalised terrorism industry, the study of terrorism should be conducted, and counterterrorist policies designed, using a new interdisciplinary framework that would allow the terrorism industry and the government to move beyond the binary designation of “terrorist” and “non-terrorist” to a greater spectrum of classification, from terrorists and violent non-state actors, to guerrillas, insurgents or criminals. A more nuanced framework could reduce public fear of terrorism and increase the effectiveness of counterterrorist policies.     

鸦片战争后福建海洋航运业的变化

鸦片战争后,西方航运业侵入福建,压倒了福建传统的航运业,不仅垄断了福建的远洋航运业,而且还控制了沿海航运。尽管旧式的帆船业出现了凋零,但是福建的海洋航运业并未因此消亡,新的民族轮船航运业应运而生,顽强地生存、发展。     

以工补农过于行政化的经济非理性分析

以工补农对促进农业发展起了重要作用,但行政化色彩越来越浓厚,浪费和低效现象随之而生。以工补农要尽量避免过于行政化,发挥市场配置资源要素和城乡平等交换劳动产品的作用。工农、城乡之间本质上是良性互动关系,不宜搞谁轻谁重、保谁弃谁的"零和"策略,应该选择双赢或多赢策略。以工补农不能完全避免行政干预,但要提高政府干预的科学性。     

东营市光伏产业存在的问题与对策

光伏产业是当今全球能源科技和产业的重要发展方向,具有巨大发展潜力,也是我国具有国际竞争优势的战略性新兴产业。东营市太阳能光伏产业经过近几年不断发展,也具备了一定的产业基础,但还存在着创新能力不足、国内市场开拓不充分、融资困难等问题。通过政策扶持、市场开拓、品牌创建和技术创新等方面的探索,积极寻求解决对策,是促进、帮助企业做大做强的重要课题。     

Autonomy and Performance of Agentification： Cases of Nine Independent Agencies in Thailand

Facing the limitations of bureaucracy and the pressures of crisis and change, the government reforms in many countries adopted a discipline of new public management （NPM） by separating autonomous agencies （agentification） in the public sector. Nonetheless, there are still very few empirical studies of performance assessment of this type of agency. This paper has two main objectives： （1） to explore the governance and autonomy of nine independent agencies under the Ministry of Industry （MOI） in Thailand; and （2） to present performance assessment of these nine independent agencies. This study uses both qualitative and quantitative approaches in collecting data, including three focus groups, 37 in-depth interviews, and 3,428 questionnaire surveys. The paper applies the concepts of agentification of NPM to examine the multidimensions of autonomy and to evaluate the performance of the nine agencies, covering effectiveness, financial self-reliance, and the impact on industrial development. Finally, this paper discusses the effects of agentification and suggests policy and managerial implications as well as further research directions.